Paper · 2012 · Journal of Crop Improvement

Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation by Lentil Improves Biochemical Characteristics and Yield of Intercropped Wheat Under Low Fertilizer Input

Sanghmitra Suryapani; Shahid Umar; Afaq Ahmad Malik; et al.

16
claims
16
verbatim quotes
13
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

To preserve the soils from deterioration caused by the overuse of fertilizers and also because of the continuous price increase of mineral fertilizers, alternative ways must be adopted to reduce their use in agriculture. On the other hand, the increasing world population demands high crop production to meet the food needs in the future. Intercropping grain legumes and cereals can solve the problem because of its high overall productivity and less fertilizer requirements. In this regard, an experiment was conducted to study the effect of three fertilizer application rates (N0K0, N20K50, and N40K50) on wheat/lentil intercropping system. Enhancement in chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase activity, nitrite reductase activity, glutamine synthetase activity, glutamate synthase activity, protein content, and seed yield occurred at lower nitrogen level (N20) in sole and intercropped lentil and at higher nitrogen level (N40) in sole wheat. On the other hand, intercropped wheat exhibited maximum productivity at lower nitrogen rate (N20). Intercropping affected biochemical characteristics and yield of wheat and the system-required low fertilizer input, thus reducing negative environmental impacts of agricultural crop production.

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 16

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

lower nitrogen level (N20) enhanced chlorophyll content in sole and intercropped lentil.

Taxon
lentilLens culinarise0
Material
sole and intercropped lentile0
Treatment
lower nitrogen level (N20)e0
Outcome
chlorophyll contente0
Direction
Enhancemente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lens culinaris
Lens culinaris · TaxonUser:Justinc · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Enhancement in chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase activity, nitrite reductase activity, glutamine synthetase activity, glutamate synthase activity, protein content, and seed yield occurred at lower nitrogen level (N20) in sole and intercropped lentil and at higher nitrogen level (N40) in sole wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 643–946 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

lower nitrogen level (N20) enhanced nitrate reductase activity in sole and intercropped lentil.

Taxon
lentilLens culinarise0
Material
sole and intercropped lentile0
Treatment
lower nitrogen level (N20)e0
Outcome
nitrate reductase activitye0
Direction
Enhancemente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lens culinaris
Lens culinaris · TaxonUser:Justinc · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Enhancement in chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase activity, nitrite reductase activity, glutamine synthetase activity, glutamate synthase activity, protein content, and seed yield occurred at lower nitrogen level (N20) in sole and intercropped lentil and at higher nitrogen level (N40) in sole wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 643–946 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

lower nitrogen level (N20) enhanced nitrite reductase activity in sole and intercropped lentil.

Taxon
lentilLens culinarise0
Material
sole and intercropped lentile0
Treatment
lower nitrogen level (N20)e0
Outcome
nitrite reductase activitye0
Direction
Enhancemente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lens culinaris
Lens culinaris · TaxonUser:Justinc · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Enhancement in chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase activity, nitrite reductase activity, glutamine synthetase activity, glutamate synthase activity, protein content, and seed yield occurred at lower nitrogen level (N20) in sole and intercropped lentil and at higher nitrogen level (N40) in sole wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 643–946 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

lower nitrogen level (N20) enhanced glutamine synthetase activity in sole and intercropped lentil.

Taxon
lentilLens culinarise0
Material
sole and intercropped lentile0
Treatment
lower nitrogen level (N20)e0
Outcome
glutamine synthetase activitye0
Direction
Enhancemente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lens culinaris
Lens culinaris · TaxonUser:Justinc · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Enhancement in chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase activity, nitrite reductase activity, glutamine synthetase activity, glutamate synthase activity, protein content, and seed yield occurred at lower nitrogen level (N20) in sole and intercropped lentil and at higher nitrogen level (N40) in sole wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 643–946 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

lower nitrogen level (N20) enhanced glutamate synthase activity in sole and intercropped lentil.

Taxon
lentilLens culinarise0
Material
sole and intercropped lentile0
Treatment
lower nitrogen level (N20)e0
Outcome
glutamate synthase activitye0
Direction
Enhancemente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lens culinaris
Lens culinaris · TaxonUser:Justinc · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Enhancement in chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase activity, nitrite reductase activity, glutamine synthetase activity, glutamate synthase activity, protein content, and seed yield occurred at lower nitrogen level (N20) in sole and intercropped lentil and at higher nitrogen level (N40) in sole wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 643–946 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

lower nitrogen level (N20) enhanced protein content in sole and intercropped lentil.

Taxon
lentilLens culinarise0
Material
sole and intercropped lentile0
Treatment
lower nitrogen level (N20)e0
Outcome
protein contente0
Direction
Enhancemente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lens culinaris
Lens culinaris · TaxonUser:Justinc · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Enhancement in chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase activity, nitrite reductase activity, glutamine synthetase activity, glutamate synthase activity, protein content, and seed yield occurred at lower nitrogen level (N20) in sole and intercropped lentil and at higher nitrogen level (N40) in sole wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 643–946 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

lower nitrogen level (N20) enhanced seed yield in sole and intercropped lentil.

Taxon
lentilLens culinarise0
Material
sole and intercropped lentile0
Treatment
lower nitrogen level (N20)e0
Outcome
seed yielde0
Direction
Enhancemente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lens culinaris
Lens culinaris · TaxonUser:Justinc · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Enhancement in chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase activity, nitrite reductase activity, glutamine synthetase activity, glutamate synthase activity, protein content, and seed yield occurred at lower nitrogen level (N20) in sole and intercropped lentil and at higher nitrogen level (N40) in sole wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 643–946 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

higher nitrogen level (N40) enhanced chlorophyll content in sole wheat.

Material
sole wheate0
Treatment
higher nitrogen level (N40)e0
Outcome
chlorophyll contente0
Direction
Enhancemente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Enhancement in chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase activity, nitrite reductase activity, glutamine synthetase activity, glutamate synthase activity, protein content, and seed yield occurred at lower nitrogen level (N20) in sole and intercropped lentil and at higher nitrogen level (N40) in sole wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 643–946 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

higher nitrogen level (N40) enhanced nitrate reductase activity in sole wheat.

Material
sole wheate0
Treatment
higher nitrogen level (N40)e0
Outcome
nitrate reductase activitye0
Direction
Enhancemente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Enhancement in chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase activity, nitrite reductase activity, glutamine synthetase activity, glutamate synthase activity, protein content, and seed yield occurred at lower nitrogen level (N20) in sole and intercropped lentil and at higher nitrogen level (N40) in sole wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 643–946 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

higher nitrogen level (N40) enhanced nitrite reductase activity in sole wheat.

Material
sole wheate0
Treatment
higher nitrogen level (N40)e0
Outcome
nitrite reductase activitye0
Direction
Enhancemente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Enhancement in chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase activity, nitrite reductase activity, glutamine synthetase activity, glutamate synthase activity, protein content, and seed yield occurred at lower nitrogen level (N20) in sole and intercropped lentil and at higher nitrogen level (N40) in sole wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 643–946 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

higher nitrogen level (N40) enhanced glutamine synthetase activity in sole wheat.

Material
sole wheate0
Treatment
higher nitrogen level (N40)e0
Outcome
glutamine synthetase activitye0
Direction
Enhancemente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Enhancement in chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase activity, nitrite reductase activity, glutamine synthetase activity, glutamate synthase activity, protein content, and seed yield occurred at lower nitrogen level (N20) in sole and intercropped lentil and at higher nitrogen level (N40) in sole wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 643–946 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

higher nitrogen level (N40) enhanced glutamate synthase activity in sole wheat.

Material
sole wheate0
Treatment
higher nitrogen level (N40)e0
Outcome
glutamate synthase activitye0
Direction
Enhancemente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Enhancement in chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase activity, nitrite reductase activity, glutamine synthetase activity, glutamate synthase activity, protein content, and seed yield occurred at lower nitrogen level (N20) in sole and intercropped lentil and at higher nitrogen level (N40) in sole wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 643–946 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

higher nitrogen level (N40) enhanced protein content in sole wheat.

Material
sole wheate0
Treatment
higher nitrogen level (N40)e0
Outcome
protein contente0
Direction
Enhancemente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Enhancement in chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase activity, nitrite reductase activity, glutamine synthetase activity, glutamate synthase activity, protein content, and seed yield occurred at lower nitrogen level (N20) in sole and intercropped lentil and at higher nitrogen level (N40) in sole wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 643–946 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

higher nitrogen level (N40) enhanced seed yield in sole wheat.

Material
sole wheate0
Treatment
higher nitrogen level (N40)e0
Outcome
seed yielde0
Direction
Enhancemente0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Enhancement in chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase activity, nitrite reductase activity, glutamine synthetase activity, glutamate synthase activity, protein content, and seed yield occurred at lower nitrogen level (N20) in sole and intercropped lentil and at higher nitrogen level (N40) in sole wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 643–946 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Intercropped wheat had maximum productivity at lower nitrogen rate N20.

Treatment
lower nitrogen rate (N20)e0
Outcome
productivitye0
Direction
maximume0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“intercropped wheat exhibited maximum productivity at lower nitrogen rate (N20)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 967–1045 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Intercropping affected wheat biochemical characteristics and yield.

Treatment
Intercroppinge0
Outcome
biochemical characteristics and yielde0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Intercropping affected biochemical characteristics and yield of wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1047–1116 · show in text ↑

nitrogen · yield · Lens culinaris (lentil)Results differ

37 papers: 36 positive, 1 negative or no effect

35 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

33 papers more in this group

See all 37 papers →

nitrogen · physiology: enzyme activity · Lens culinaris (lentil)Positive and negative results

3 papers: 2 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

nitrogen · physiology: enzyme activity · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

48 papers: 40 positive, 8 negative or no effect

39 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. no effect
    Nitrogen deficiency did not stimulate root protease activity.

    Do plants use root-derived proteases to promote the uptake of soil organic nitrogen? · 2020 · compared with with and without inorganic N

    Opposite directionAbout lacking this nutrient, so it counts the other way round

44 papers more in this group

See all 48 papers →

nitrogen · physiology: pigments · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

101 papers: 92 positive, 9 negative or no effect

91 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

97 papers more in this group

See all 101 papers →

nitrogen · quality: protein · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

454 papers: 400 positive, 54 negative or no effect

399 papers in the same direction as this paper · 47 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

450 papers more in this group

See all 454 papers →

nitrogen · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

2,061 papers: 1,737 positive, 324 negative or no effect

1,736 papers in the same direction as this paper · 285 in the opposite direction · 39 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. negative

2,057 papers more in this group

See all 2,061 papers →

nitrogen · physiology: pigments · Lens culinaris (lentil)Results agree

4 papers: 4 positive, 0 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

nitrogen · quality: protein · Lens culinaris (lentil)Results agree

6 papers: 6 positive, 0 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.