Abstract
Abstract Global climate change is associated with higher concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). The ongoing changes are likely to have significant, direct or indirect effects on plant diseases caused by many biotic agents such as phytopathogenic fungi. This study results showed that increased CO 2 concentration did not stimulate the growth of 1-year-old beech Fagus sylvatica L seedlings but it activated pathogenic Phytophthora species (P. plurivora and P. cactorum) which caused significant reduction in the total number of fine roots as well as their length and area. The results of the greenhouse experiment indicated that pathogens once introduced into soil survived in pot soil, became periodically active (in sufficient water conditions) and were able to damage beech fine roots. However, the trees mortality was not observed during the first year of experiment. DNA analyses performed on soil and beech tissue proved persistence of introduced Phytophthora isolates.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Increased CO2 did not stimulate growth of one-year-old beech seedlings.
- Taxon
- beech Fagus sylvatica L
Fagus sylvaticae0 - Organ / stage
- 1-year-olde0
- Treatment
- increased CO 2 concentratione0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- did not stimulatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased CO 2 concentration did not stimulate the growth of 1-year-old beech Fagus sylvatica L seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased CO2 activated P. plurivora.
- Taxon
- beecht0
- Treatment
- CO 2 enhancementt0
- Interactor
- P. plurivora
Phytophthora plurivorae0pathogen - Outcome
- activated pathogenic Phytophthora speciese0
- Direction
- activatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it activated pathogenic Phytophthora species (P. plurivora and P. cactorum)”
t0“CO 2 enhancement on beech”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased CO2 activated P. cactorum.
- Taxon
- beecht0
- Treatment
- CO 2 enhancementt0
- Interactor
- P. cactorum
Phytophthora cactorume0pathogen - Outcome
- activated pathogenic Phytophthora speciese0
- Direction
- activatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it activated pathogenic Phytophthora species (P. plurivora and P. cactorum)”
t0“CO 2 enhancement on beech”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytophthora pathogens significantly reduced beech fine-root numbers.
- Taxon
- beecht0
- Treatment
- pathogenic Phytophthora speciese0
- Interactor
- P. plurivoraPhytophthora plurivorae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. cactorumPhytophthora cactorume0pathogen
- Outcome
- total number of fine rootse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pathogenic Phytophthora species (P. plurivora and P. cactorum) which caused significant reduction in the total number of fine roots as well as their length and area”
t0“beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytophthora pathogens significantly reduced beech fine-root length.
- Taxon
- beecht0
- Treatment
- pathogenic Phytophthora speciese0
- Interactor
- P. plurivoraPhytophthora plurivorae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. cactorumPhytophthora cactorume0pathogen
- Outcome
- lengthe0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pathogenic Phytophthora species (P. plurivora and P. cactorum) which caused significant reduction in the total number of fine roots as well as their length and area”
t0“beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytophthora pathogens significantly reduced beech fine-root area.
- Taxon
- beecht0
- Treatment
- pathogenic Phytophthora speciese0
- Interactor
- P. plurivoraPhytophthora plurivorae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. cactorumPhytophthora cactorume0pathogen
- Outcome
- areae0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pathogenic Phytophthora species (P. plurivora and P. cactorum) which caused significant reduction in the total number of fine roots as well as their length and area”
t0“beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Introduced pathogens survived in pot soil and became periodically active when water was sufficient.
Verbatim
e0“pathogens once introduced into soil survived in pot soil, became periodically active (in sufficient water conditions)”
t0“beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The pathogens damaged beech fine roots.
Verbatim
e0“were able to damage beech fine roots”
Claim · model-written summary
No tree mortality was observed during the first experimental year.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“the trees mortality was not observed during the first year of experiment”
t0“beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
DNA analyses detected persistence of introduced Phytophthora isolates in soil and beech tissue.
Verbatim
e0“DNA analyses performed on soil and beech tissue proved persistence of introduced Phytophthora isolates”
The same questions in other papers
co2 · growth · Fagus sylvatica (European beech)Positive and negative results
7 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.