Abstract
The coleoptiles of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings of cultivar Trémie are desiccation tolerant when 3 days old, although the roots are not. Cutting some of the coleoptiles open prior to dehydration rapidly increased the drying rate. This rendered the coleoptiles sensitive to desiccation, providing a useful model with which to study desiccation tolerance. Both sensitive and tolerant seedlings were dehydrated to 0.3 g H(2)O g(-1) dry mass (g.g) and thereafter rehydrated. Sensitive tissues accr- ued the lipid peroxidation products H(2)O(2)and MDA, and substantial subcellular damage was evident in dry tissues. H(2)O(2) and MDA accumulated slightly only in dry tolerant coleoptiles and no subcellular damage was evident. The activity of antioxidant enzymes glutathione reductase (EC1.6.2.4), superoxide dismutase (EC 1.14.1.1) and catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) increased on drying in both tolerant and sensitive tissues, but were sustained on rehydration in only the tolerant tissues. It is proposed that free radical damage sustained during rapid drying exceeded the ameliorating capacity of antioxidant systems, allowed accrual of lethal subcellular damage. Slow drying enabled sufficient detoxification by antioxidants to minimize damage and allow tolerance to drying. Three LEA- (p11 and Asp 52) and dehydrin- (XV8) like proteins were detected by western blots in tolerant coleoptiles dried to 3.0 g.g and below. Only one (Asp 52) was induced at low water content in rapidly dried sensitive coleoptiles. None were present in root tissues. XV8 RNA (northern analyses) was induced on drying only in tolerant coleoptiles and correlated with protein expression. These stress-putative protein protectants (and XV8 transcripts) appear to be down-regulated during germination but wheat seedlings temporarily retain the ability to reproduce them if drying is slow. Sucrose accumulation during dehydration was similar for both sensitive and tolerant tissues, suggesting that this sugar has little role, or is not effective in isolation, in protecting against desiccation damage in wheat seedlings. In summary, the slower rate at which tolerant coleoptiles were dried allowed for the mobilization of protection mechanisms with which to survive desiccation. Rapid drying of tissues precluded induction of some putative stress protein protectants and caused damage in excess of the ameliorating capacity of the antioxidant protection systems.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Three-day-old wheat coleoptiles were desiccation tolerant while roots were not.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Material
- Trémiee0
- Organ / stage
- coleoptilese0
- Outcome
- desiccation tolerante0
- Qualifier
- when 3 days olde0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The coleoptiles of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings of cultivar Trémie are desiccation tolerant when 3 days old, although the roots are not.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cutting coleoptiles before dehydration increased drying rate.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Cutting some of the coleoptiles open prior to dehydratione0
- Outcome
- drying ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cutting some of the coleoptiles open prior to dehydration rapidly increased the drying rate.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Cutting coleoptiles before dehydration made them desiccation sensitive.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Wheat seedlings as a model to understand desiccation tolerance and sensitivityt0
- Outcome
- sensitive to desiccatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This rendered the coleoptiles sensitive to desiccation”
t0“Wheat seedlings as a model to understand desiccation tolerance and sensitivity”
Claim · model-written summary
Sensitive tissues accumulated H(2)O(2) and MDA after dehydration.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- Sensitive tissuese0
- Outcome
- H(2)O(2)and MDAe0
- Direction
- accr- uede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sensitive tissues accr- ued the lipid peroxidation products H(2)O(2)and MDA”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry sensitive wheat tissues showed substantial subcellular damage.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- substantial subcellular damagee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“substantial subcellular damage was evident in dry tissues”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry tolerant coleoptiles accumulated H(2)O(2) and MDA only slightly.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- dry tolerant coleoptilese0
- Outcome
- H(2)O(2) and MDAe0
- Direction
- accumulated slightlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H(2)O(2) and MDA accumulated slightly only in dry tolerant coleoptiles”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
No subcellular damage was evident in dry tolerant coleoptiles.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- no subcellular damagee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no subcellular damage was evident”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities rose on drying in both sensitive and tolerant tissues.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- glutathione reductasee0
- Outcome
- activity of antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- both tolerant and sensitive tissuese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The activity of antioxidant enzymes glutathione reductase (EC1.6.2.4), superoxide dismutase (EC 1.14.1.1) and catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) increased on drying in both tolerant and sensitive tissues”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant enzyme activity persisted after rehydration only in tolerant tissues.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- sustained on rehydratione0
- Qualifier
- only the tolerant tissuese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but were sustained on rehydration in only the tolerant tissues”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Three LEA- and dehydrin-like proteins were detected in tolerant coleoptiles dried to 3.0 g.g or below.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- tolerant coleoptilese0
- Gene
- p11 and Asp 52e0
- Outcome
- like proteins were detectede0
- Value
- 3.0 g.g and belowe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three LEA- (p11 and Asp 52) and dehydrin- (XV8) like proteins were detected by western blots in tolerant coleoptiles dried to 3.0 g.g and below.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Only Asp 52 was induced at low water content in rapidly dried sensitive coleoptiles.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- sensitive coleoptilese0
- Gene
- Asp 52e0
- Outcome
- Asp 52e0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Qualifier
- low water contente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Only one (Asp 52) was induced at low water content in rapidly dried sensitive coleoptiles.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
These proteins were absent from roots.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- root tissuese0
- Outcome
- None were presente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“None were present in root tissues.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
XV8 RNA was induced by drying only in tolerant coleoptiles and correlated with protein expression.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- tolerant coleoptilese0
- Gene
- XV8e0
- Outcome
- XV8 RNAe0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Qualifier
- correlated with protein expressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“XV8 RNA (northern analyses) was induced on drying only in tolerant coleoptiles and correlated with protein expression.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrose accumulation during dehydration was similar in sensitive and tolerant tissues.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- Sucrose accumulatione0
- Direction
- similare0
- Qualifier
- both sensitive and tolerant tissuese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sucrose accumulation during dehydration was similar for both sensitive and tolerant tissues”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer that rapid drying overwhelms antioxidant protection and causes lethal damage.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- lethal subcellular damagee0
- Qualifier
- free radical damage sustained during rapid dryinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“free radical damage sustained during rapid drying exceeded the ameliorating capacity of antioxidant systems, allowed accrual of lethal subcellular damage”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer slow drying permits antioxidant detoxification and desiccation tolerance.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- tolerance to dryinge0
- Qualifier
- sufficient detoxification by antioxidantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Slow drying enabled sufficient detoxification by antioxidants to minimize damage and allow tolerance to drying.”
t0“Wheat”
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See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.