Abstract
Boron (B) toxicity is common in many areas of the world. Plant tolerance to high B varies widely and has previously been attributed to reduced uptake of B, most commonly as a result of B efflux from roots. In this study, it is shown that the expression of genes encoding B efflux transporters in leaves of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) is associated with an ability of leaf tissues to withstand higher concentrations of B. In tolerant cultivars, necrosis in leaves occurred at B concentrations more than 2-fold higher than in sensitive cultivars. It is hypothesized that this leaf tolerance is achieved via redistribution of B by efflux transporters from sensitive symplastic compartments into the leaf apoplast. Measurements of B concentrations in leaf protoplasts, and of B released following infiltration of leaves, support this hypothesis. It was also shown that under B-toxic conditions, leaching of B from leaves by rain had a strong positive effect on growth of both roots and shoots. Measurements of rates of guttation and the concentration of B in guttation droplets indicated that the impact of guttation on the alleviation of B toxicity would be small.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf B efflux transporter gene expression was associated with tolerance of higher B concentrations in wheat and barley leaf tissues.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare)
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgare
Triticum aestivume0 - Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Gene
- genes encoding B efflux transporterse0
- Outcome
- ability of leaf tissues to withstand higher concentrations of Be0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the expression of genes encoding B efflux transporters in leaves of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) is associated with an ability of leaf tissues to withstand higher concentrations of B”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf necrosis occurred at more than twice the B concentration in tolerant cultivars than in sensitive cultivars.
- Taxon
- Barley and WheatHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- tolerant cultivarse0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Outcome
- B concentrationse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- more than 2-folde0
- Comparator
- sensitive cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In tolerant cultivars, necrosis in leaves occurred at B concentrations more than 2-fold higher than in sensitive cultivars”
t0“Barley and Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Protoplast B concentrations and B released after leaf infiltration supported the proposed redistribution of B into the leaf apoplast.
- Taxon
- Barley and WheatHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- leaf protoplastse0
- Outcome
- leaf tolerancee0
- Qualifier
- redistribution of B by efflux transporters from sensitive symplastic compartments into the leaf apoplaste0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It is hypothesized that this leaf tolerance is achieved via redistribution of B by efflux transporters from sensitive symplastic compartments into the leaf apoplast. Measurements of B concentrations in leaf protoplasts, and of B released following infiltration of leaves, support this hypothesis”
t0“Barley and Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Rain leaching of B from leaves strongly improved root and shoot growth under B-toxic conditions.
- Taxon
- Barley and WheatHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- leaching of B from leaves by raine0
- Outcome
- growth of both roots and shootse0
- Direction
- positive effecte0
- Qualifier
- under B-toxic conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under B-toxic conditions, leaching of B from leaves by rain had a strong positive effect on growth of both roots and shoots”
t0“Barley and Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Measured guttation rates and B concentrations in droplets indicated only a small alleviation of B toxicity by guttation.
- Taxon
- Barley and WheatHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- impact of guttation on the alleviation of B toxicitye0
- Direction
- smalle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Measurements of rates of guttation and the concentration of B in guttation droplets indicated that the impact of guttation on the alleviation of B toxicity would be small”
t0“Barley and Wheat”
The same questions in other papers
rainfall · growth · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →rainfall · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 15 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
19 papers more in this group
See all 23 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.