Abstract
Insufficient micronutrients are a common phenomenon in Malaysian soils derived from riverine alluvium, which affect the growth and quality of rice. A study was conducted on such soils at Kelantan, Malaysia to evaluate the effects of applying Zn (5 kg ha− 1),Cu (4 kg ha− 1) and Mo (0.5 kg ha− 1) along with the recommended N, P, K and S at 120, 30, 50, 10 kg ha− 1, respectively on rice plant growth, grain yield, quality and antioxidant activity. Any single micronutrient or in combination with macronutrients had positive effects on the growth, chlorophyll contents, grain quality, and protein content of rice. Application of micronutrients increased phenolic compound by 40% and flavonoid content by 71.54% in rice grain compared to the control, particularly, Zn and Cu had positive effects on grain protein percentage. Furthermore, the application of micronutrients increased Zn, Mo, and Cu content in grain and straw. Higher values of antioxidant activities were found in the de-husked grain compared to those of the milled rice in micronutrient applied treatments. The application of the micronutrients to the riverine alluvium soil enhanced rice yield by 18% via uptake of nutrients, attributed to increased physiological performance, leading to higher harvest index and grain quality.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Micronutrient applications improved rice growth.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- Any single micronutrient or in combination with macronutrientse0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- positive effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Any single micronutrient or in combination with macronutrients had positive effects on the growth, chlorophyll contents, grain quality, and protein content of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Micronutrient applications improved rice chlorophyll contents.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Any single micronutrient or in combination with macronutrientse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contentse0
- Direction
- positive effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Any single micronutrient or in combination with macronutrients had positive effects on the growth, chlorophyll contents, grain quality, and protein content of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Micronutrient applications improved rice grain quality and protein content.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Any single micronutrient or in combination with macronutrientse0
- Outcome
- grain quality, and protein contente0
- Direction
- positive effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Any single micronutrient or in combination with macronutrients had positive effects on the growth, chlorophyll contents, grain quality, and protein content of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Micronutrient application increased rice-grain phenolic compound by 40% over control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- graine0
- Treatment
- micronutrientse0
- Outcome
- phenolic compounde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 40%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of micronutrients increased phenolic compound by 40% and flavonoid content by 71.54% in rice grain compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Micronutrient application increased rice-grain flavonoid content by 71.54% over control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- graine0
- Treatment
- micronutrientse0
- Outcome
- flavonoid contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 71.54%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of micronutrients increased phenolic compound by 40% and flavonoid content by 71.54% in rice grain compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn application improved rice grain protein percentage.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- Zne0
- Outcome
- grain protein percentagee0
- Direction
- positive effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zn and Cu had positive effects on grain protein percentage”
e1“quality of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Cu application improved rice grain protein percentage.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- Cue0
- Outcome
- grain protein percentagee0
- Direction
- positive effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zn and Cu had positive effects on grain protein percentage”
e1“quality of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Micronutrient application increased Zn, Mo, and Cu contents in rice grain and straw.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- micronutrientse0
- Outcome
- Zn, Mo, and Cu content in grain and strawe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of micronutrients increased Zn, Mo, and Cu content in grain and straw”
e1“quality of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant activity was higher in de-husked grain than milled rice after micronutrient application.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- de-husked graine0
- Treatment
- micronutrient applied treatmentse0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitiese0
- Direction
- Highere0
- Comparator
- milled ricee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher values of antioxidant activities were found in the de-husked grain compared to those of the milled rice in micronutrient applied treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Micronutrients increased rice yield by 18% on riverine alluvium soil.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- micronutrientse0
- Outcome
- rice yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 18%e0
- Setting
- riverine alluvium soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of the micronutrients to the riverine alluvium soil enhanced rice yield by 18%”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed higher rice yield to nutrient uptake and increased physiological performance.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- rice yielde0
- Qualifier
- uptake of nutrients, attributed to increased physiological performancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhanced rice yield by 18% via uptake of nutrients, attributed to increased physiological performance”
Claim · model-written summary
Micronutrient application led to a higher rice harvest index and grain quality.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- micronutrientse0
- Outcome
- harvest index and grain qualitye0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of the micronutrients to the riverine alluvium soil enhanced rice yield by 18% via uptake of nutrients, attributed to increased physiological performance, leading to higher harvest index and grain quality”
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