Abstract
The effect of sulfur, phosphorus, and molybdenum on the growth, uptake (milligrams/ pot) and utilization (percentage in plant of added sulfur) of sulfur was studied in the greenhouse on a light-textured soil deficient in sulfur and phosphorus, at Haryana Agricultural University, Hissar, India. The sulfur was applied at 0, 40, 80, and 120 parts per million; the phosphorus was applied at 0, 40, and 80 ppm, and molybdenum was applied at 0 and 1 ppm. The addition of sulfur to soil up to 80 ppm increased growth and grain yield of soybean; higher applications (120 ppm) significantly decreased the yield. The response to phosphorus was also observed up to 80 ppm, and the highest grain yield was obtained with the application of 80 ppm sulfur and 80 ppm phosphorus. There was no response in grain yield to molybdenum. The uptake of total and fertilizer sulfur by soybean plants increased significantly with increases in added sulfur and phosphorus to the soil. Total and fertilizer sulfur concentration (ppm) and uptake (mg/pot) indicated a strong synergistic relationship between phosphorus and sulfur in plants. The addition of molybdenum in the absence of phosphorus decreased the concentration and uptake of sulfur, showing an antagonistic relationship with sulfur. When phosphorus was applied, however, the antagonistic effect of molybdenum was overcome. The percentage utilization of sulfur decreased from 6.9 to 3.9 at 45 days and from 14.1 to 7.5 at 110 days with the 40− and 120-ppm sulfur levels, respectively. The application of phosphorus helped in the utilization of added and native soil sulfur, but molybdenum appeared to depress sulfur utilization. At maturity, grain and leaves had the highest amount of sulfur, and stems had the lowest. Fruiting parts, i.e., pod husks and grain, contained between 47 and 54 percent of fertilizer sulfur.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur to 80 ppm increased soybean growth and grain yield.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- sulfur to soil up to 80 ppme0
- Outcome
- growth and grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of sulfur to soil up to 80 ppm increased growth and grain yield of soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur at 120 ppm significantly decreased soybean yield.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 120 ppme0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher applications (120 ppm) significantly decreased the yield.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus produced a yield response up to 80 ppm.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- phosphoruse0
- Outcome
- responsee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The response to phosphorus was also observed up to 80 ppm”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest grain yield occurred with 80 ppm each of sulfur and phosphorus.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 80 ppm sulfur and 80 ppm phosphoruse0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest grain yield was obtained with the application of 80 ppm sulfur and 80 ppm phosphorus.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Molybdenum produced no grain-yield response.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- molybdenume0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- no responsee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no response in grain yield to molybdenum.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Added sulfur and phosphorus significantly increased soybean sulfur uptake.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- added sulfur and phosphoruse0
- Outcome
- uptake of total and fertilizer sulfure0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The uptake of total and fertilizer sulfur by soybean plants increased significantly with increases in added sulfur and phosphorus to the soil.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur concentration and uptake indicated synergy between phosphorus and sulfur.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Compound
- phosphorus and sulfure0
- Outcome
- sulfur concentration (ppm) and uptake (mg/pot)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total and fertilizer sulfur concentration (ppm) and uptake (mg/pot) indicated a strong synergistic relationship between phosphorus and sulfur in plants.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Molybdenum without phosphorus decreased sulfur concentration and uptake.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- molybdenum in the absence of phosphoruse0
- Outcome
- concentration and uptake of sulfure0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of molybdenum in the absence of phosphorus decreased the concentration and uptake of sulfur”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus application overcame the antagonistic molybdenum effect.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- phosphoruse0
- Outcome
- antagonistic effect of molybdenume0
- Direction
- overcomee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When phosphorus was applied, however, the antagonistic effect of molybdenum was overcome.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur utilization at 45 days fell from 6.9 to 3.9 as sulfur rose from 40 to 120 ppm.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 120-ppm sulfure0
- Outcome
- percentage utilization of sulfure0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 6.9 to 3.9e0
- Qualifier
- 45 dayse0
- Comparator
- 40−e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The percentage utilization of sulfur decreased from 6.9 to 3.9 at 45 days and from 14.1 to 7.5 at 110 days with the 40− and 120-ppm sulfur levels, respectively.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur utilization at 110 days fell from 14.1 to 7.5 as sulfur rose from 40 to 120 ppm.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 120-ppm sulfure0
- Outcome
- percentage utilization of sulfure0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 14.1 to 7.5e0
- Qualifier
- 110 dayse0
- Comparator
- 40−e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The percentage utilization of sulfur decreased from 6.9 to 3.9 at 45 days and from 14.1 to 7.5 at 110 days with the 40− and 120-ppm sulfur levels, respectively.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus helped utilization of added and native sulfur.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- phosphoruse0
- Outcome
- utilization of added and native soil sulfure0
- Direction
- helpede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of phosphorus helped in the utilization of added and native soil sulfur”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Molybdenum appeared to depress sulfur utilization.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- molybdenume0
- Outcome
- sulfur utilizatione0
- Direction
- depresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“molybdenum appeared to depress sulfur utilization.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
At maturity, grain and leaves had most sulfur and stems least.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- grain and leavese0
- Outcome
- amount of sulfure0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- stemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At maturity, grain and leaves had the highest amount of sulfur, and stems had the lowest.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
Claim · model-written summary
Pod husks and grain contained 47 to 54 percent of fertilizer sulfur.
- Taxon
- SOYBEANGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- pod husks and graine0
- Outcome
- fertilizer sulfure0
- Value
- 47 and 54 percente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruiting parts, i.e., pod husks and grain, contained between 47 and 54 percent of fertilizer sulfur.”
t0“SOYBEAN”
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