Abstract
Abstract The efficacy of arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) on nutrients, organic solutes, and antioxidant enzymes of wheat under salt stress was investigated and related to root colonization and plant productivity. The mycorrhizal inoculation increased N, P, K, Ca, and Mg uptake, soluble sugars, free amino acids, and proline accumulation, as well as peroxidase and catalase activities under saline conditions as compared to nonmycorrhizal plants. On the other hand, Na concentration was lower in mycorrhizal than in nonmycorrhizal plants grown under saline conditions. Arbuscular mycorrhizae protected wheat against the detrimental effects of salinity and stimulated its productivity. Hence, mycorrhizal colonization can play a vital role in the mitigation of the adverse effects of salinity by improving the wheat osmotic adjustment response, enhancing its defense system, and alleviating oxidative damage to cells. Arbuscular mycorrhizae are able to alter plant physiology in a way that empowers the plant to grow more efficiently on salt‐affected lands.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased wheat N, P, K, Ca, and Mg uptake under salinity.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- mycorrhizal inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Arbuscular mycorrhizaee1symbiont
- Outcome
- N, P, K, Ca, and Mg uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- nonmycorrhizal plantst1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mycorrhizal inoculation increased N, P, K, Ca, and Mg uptake”
t0“wheat”
e1“Arbuscular mycorrhizae protected wheat against the detrimental effects of salinity”
t1“The mycorrhizal inoculation increased N, P, K, Ca, and Mg uptake, soluble sugars, free amino acids, and proline accumulation, as well as peroxidase and catalase activities under saline conditions as compared to nonmycorrhizal plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased soluble sugars, free amino acids, and proline accumulation under salinity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizal inoculationt1
- Interactor
- Arbuscular mycorrhizaee1symbiont
- Outcome
- soluble sugars, free amino acids, and proline accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasedt1
- Comparator
- nonmycorrhizal plantst1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soluble sugars, free amino acids, and proline accumulation”
t0“wheat”
e1“Arbuscular mycorrhizae protected wheat against the detrimental effects of salinity”
t1“The mycorrhizal inoculation increased N, P, K, Ca, and Mg uptake, soluble sugars, free amino acids, and proline accumulation, as well as peroxidase and catalase activities under saline conditions as compared to nonmycorrhizal plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased peroxidase and catalase activity under salinity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizal inoculationt1
- Interactor
- Arbuscular mycorrhizaee1symbiont
- Outcome
- peroxidase and catalase activitiese0
- Direction
- increasedt1
- Comparator
- nonmycorrhizal plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“peroxidase and catalase activities under saline conditions as compared to nonmycorrhizal plants”
t0“wheat”
e1“Arbuscular mycorrhizae protected wheat against the detrimental effects of salinity”
t1“The mycorrhizal inoculation increased N, P, K, Ca, and Mg uptake, soluble sugars, free amino acids, and proline accumulation, as well as peroxidase and catalase activities under saline conditions as compared to nonmycorrhizal plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal plants had lower Na concentration than nonmycorrhizal wheat under salinity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizale0
- Interactor
- Arbuscular mycorrhizaee1symbiont
- Outcome
- Na concentratione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- nonmycorrhizal plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Na concentration was lower in mycorrhizal than in nonmycorrhizal plants grown under saline conditions”
t0“wheat”
e1“Arbuscular mycorrhizae protected wheat against the detrimental effects of salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Arbuscular mycorrhizae protected wheat against salinity effects.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- Arbuscular mycorrhizaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- protected wheat against the detrimental effects of salinitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arbuscular mycorrhizae protected wheat against the detrimental effects of salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Arbuscular mycorrhizae stimulated wheat productivity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- Arbuscular mycorrhizaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- stimulated its productivitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arbuscular mycorrhizae protected wheat against the detrimental effects of salinity and stimulated its productivity.”
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