Abstract
Grafted plants of Valencia orange scion [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] on six different rootstocks were grown under glasshouse conditions and supplied with dilute nutrient solution containing either 0 or 75 mM NaCl. Salt treatment was increased to 150 mM NaCl after 49 days. Leaf water relations and leaf chloride, sodium and potassium concentrations were followed throughout the period of salt treatment until day 105, when salt treatment ceased, and thereafter until day 140. Seedlings of Rangpur lime (C. reticulata var. austera hybrid?), Cleopatra mandarin (C. reticulata) and sweet orange (C.sinensis) were treated similarly and leaf water relations and chloride concentrations were followed until salt treatment ceased on day 77. All Valencia-rootstock combinations adjusted osmotically to the salt stress imposed and maintained turgor pressures at or above control values. Mature leaves on seedlings of sweet orange behaved similarly to Valencia orange leaves on sweet orange rootstocks by maintaining turgor pressures higher than control values. In contrast, mature leaves on seedlings of the genotypes Rangpur lime and Cleopatra mandarin tended to lose turgor during the period of treatment with 150 mM NaCl. Leaf chloride analyses indicated that Rangpur lime and Cleopatra mandarin rootstocks restricted the uptake and/or transport of chloride to shoots. However, comparatively high concentrations of sodium (>approx. 200 mM, tissue water basis) were accumulated in mature leaves on all rootstocks during salt treatment. Leaf potassium concentrations remained similar to control values. The reduction in osmotic potential in mature Valencia leaves on rough lemon (C. jambhiri), Trifoliata (Poncirus trifoliata), Camzo citrange (C. sinensis × P. trifoliata) and sweet orange rootstocks on day 77 could be accounted for largely by the increase in sodium and chloride, whereas chloride (as NaCl) accounted for only approximately 50% of the reduction in osmotic potential in Valencia leaves on Rangpur lime and Cleopatra mandarin rootstocks. Stomatal resistances in mature Valencia leaves on all rootstocks were increased by salt treatment and showed only partial recovery after the cessation of salt treatment. The incomplete recovery may have been associated with the retention in leaves of high concentrations of sodium.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
All Valencia-rootstock combinations adjusted osmotically and maintained turgor at or above controls.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All Valencia-rootstock combinations adjusted osmotically to the salt stress imposed and maintained turgor pressures at or above control values”
t0“Citrus Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Sweet orange seedling leaves maintained turgor above controls.
- Taxon
- sweet orange
Citrus sinensise0 - Material
- sweet orangee0
- Organ / stage
- Mature leavese0
- Treatment
- salt treatmente1
- Outcome
- turgor pressurese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control valuese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mature leaves on seedlings of sweet orange behaved similarly to Valencia orange leaves on sweet orange rootstocks by maintaining turgor pressures higher than control values”
e1“period of salt treatment until day 105”
Claim · model-written summary
Rangpur lime and Cleopatra mandarin seedlings tended to lose turgor under 150 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- Rangpur lime
Citrus limoniae0 - Material
- Rangpur limee0
- Organ / stage
- mature leavese0
- Treatment
- 150 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- turgore0
- Direction
- losee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mature leaves on seedlings of the genotypes Rangpur lime and Cleopatra mandarin tended to lose turgor during the period of treatment with 150 mM NaCl”
Claim · model-written summary
Rangpur lime and Cleopatra mandarin rootstocks restricted chloride uptake or transport to shoots.
- Taxon
- Rangpur limeCitrus limoniae0
- Material
- Rangpur limee0
- Outcome
- uptake and/or transport of chloride to shootse0
- Direction
- restrictede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rangpur lime and Cleopatra mandarin rootstocks restricted the uptake and/or transport of chloride to shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
Mature leaves on all rootstocks accumulated high sodium concentrations during salt treatment.
- Organ / stage
- mature leavese0
- Treatment
- salt treatmente0
- Outcome
- concentrations of sodiume0
- Direction
- accumulatede0
- Value
- >approx. 200 mMe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high concentrations of sodium (>approx. 200 mM, tissue water basis) were accumulated in mature leaves on all rootstocks during salt treatment”
t0“Citrus Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf potassium concentration remained similar to controls.
- Treatment
- salt treatmente1
- Outcome
- Leaf potassium concentrationse0
- Direction
- remained similare0
- Comparator
- control valuese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf potassium concentrations remained similar to control values”
e1“period of salt treatment until day 105”
t0“Citrus Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium and chloride largely explained reduced osmotic potential on four rootstocks.
- Organ / stage
- mature Valencia leavese0
- Compound
- sodium and chloridee0
- Outcome
- reduction in osmotic potentiale0
- Qualifier
- day 77e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduction in osmotic potential in mature Valencia leaves on rough lemon (C. jambhiri), Trifoliata (Poncirus trifoliata), Camzo citrange (C. sinensis × P. trifoliata) and sweet orange rootstocks on day 77 could be accounted for largely by the increase in sodium and chloride”
t0“Citrus Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloride accounted for about half of osmotic-potential reduction on Rangpur lime and Cleopatra mandarin.
- Material
- Rangpur lime and Cleopatra mandarine0
- Compound
- chloridee0
- Outcome
- reduction in osmotic potentiale0
- Value
- approximately 50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chloride (as NaCl) accounted for only approximately 50% of the reduction in osmotic potential in Valencia leaves on Rangpur lime and Cleopatra mandarin rootstocks”
t0“Citrus Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt increased stomatal resistance on all rootstocks.
- Organ / stage
- mature Valencia leavese0
- Treatment
- salt treatmente0
- Outcome
- Stomatal resistancese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stomatal resistances in mature Valencia leaves on all rootstocks were increased by salt treatment”
t0“Citrus Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal resistance recovered only partly after salt ceased.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“showed only partial recovery after the cessation of salt treatment”
e1“Stomatal resistances in mature Valencia leaves”
t0“Citrus Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Incomplete recovery may relate to retained leaf sodium.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“incomplete recovery may have been associated with the retention in leaves of high concentrations of sodium”
t0“Citrus Plants”
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