Abstract
1. Potassium fertilization experiment was carried out with 35-year-old Satsuma oranges on trifoliate-orange rootstock over a five year period since 1959. Treatment consisted of two plots: One was K-plot where 300g of K2O (potassium sulphate) was applied every year to each tree, and another was non-K-plot where potash was not given. The trees were growing on diluvial terraced soil, in the 30-40cm depth of which there was clayey layer. The soil surface was mulched every year in early June with 15kg of wheat straw per tree. 6kg of dolomite per tree was applied each year for the two years just before the start of the experiment and only in the first year of it.2. Even at the end of experiment, no marked differences were found between the two plots concerning the tree appearance and the fruit yields. However, fruit size became smaller, peel color developed somewhat earlier and fruit juice contained more sugar after the third or fourth year, in the non-K-plot as compared in the K-plot.3. Throughout the five years, no remarkable difference of N, P, K, Ca and Mg contents of the peel and flesh existed between the fruits of the two plots. Leaf analysis in August showed also nosignificant difference of the K content. The average content of exchangeable K in the soil of 0 to 30cm depth was 1.05me per 100g of dry soil at the start of the experiment, while at the end of the experiment it was generally as low as 0.6me in the K-plot, and 0.4me in the non-K-plot.4. The total amount of potassium taken in a tree for five years was calculated considering the removal by fruiting, leaf fall and pruning, as well as the absorption in the newly developed portions of a tree. On the other hand, the total amount of potassium applied to a tree was also accounted, referring to the potash fertilization, straw mulching and decreased amount of exchangeable K in the soil of 0 to 30cm depth. Thus, in the non-K-plot the total amount of potassium taken exceeded that applied. In this case, 0.2me of non exchangeable K per 100g of dry soil seemed to be utilized by a tree. In the K-plot, the result was reverse; the total amount of potassium taken was less than that applied. However, when the availability of potash applied was estimated to be 30 percent, the both amounts became nearly the same.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilized and unfertilized trees showed no marked difference in appearance.
- Taxon
- Satsuma oranges
Citrus unshiut0 - Treatment
- potassium fertilizationt0
- Outcome
- tree appearancee0
- Direction
- no marked differencese0
- Comparator
- two plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Even at the end of experiment, no marked differences were found between the two plots concerning the tree appearance and the fruit yields.”
t0“Effect of six-year potassium fertilization on yield, fruit quality and leaf analysis of bearing Satsuma oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilized and unfertilized trees showed no marked difference in fruit yield.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orangesCitrus unshiut0
- Treatment
- potassium fertilizationt0
- Outcome
- fruit yieldse0
- Direction
- no marked differencese0
- Comparator
- two plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Even at the end of experiment, no marked differences were found between the two plots concerning the tree appearance and the fruit yields.”
t0“Effect of six-year potassium fertilization on yield, fruit quality and leaf analysis of bearing Satsuma oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit were smaller without potassium after the third or fourth year.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orangesCitrus unshiut0
- Treatment
- non-K-plote0
- Outcome
- fruit sizee0
- Direction
- smallere0
- Qualifier
- after the third or fourth yeare0
- Comparator
- K-plote0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fruit size became smaller, peel color developed somewhat earlier and fruit juice contained more sugar after the third or fourth year, in the non-K-plot as compared in the K-plot.”
t0“Effect of six-year potassium fertilization on yield, fruit quality and leaf analysis of bearing Satsuma oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
Peel color developed somewhat earlier without potassium after year three or four.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orangesCitrus unshiut0
- Treatment
- non-K-plote0
- Outcome
- peel colore0
- Direction
- earliere0
- Qualifier
- after the third or fourth yeare0
- Comparator
- K-plote0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fruit size became smaller, peel color developed somewhat earlier and fruit juice contained more sugar after the third or fourth year, in the non-K-plot as compared in the K-plot.”
t0“Effect of six-year potassium fertilization on yield, fruit quality and leaf analysis of bearing Satsuma oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit juice had more sugar without potassium after year three or four.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orangesCitrus unshiut0
- Treatment
- non-K-plote0
- Outcome
- fruit juice contained more sugare0
- Direction
- moree0
- Qualifier
- after the third or fourth yeare0
- Comparator
- K-plote0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fruit size became smaller, peel color developed somewhat earlier and fruit juice contained more sugar after the third or fourth year, in the non-K-plot as compared in the K-plot.”
t0“Effect of six-year potassium fertilization on yield, fruit quality and leaf analysis of bearing Satsuma oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
Peel and flesh N, P, K, Ca and Mg content did not differ remarkably between plots.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orangesCitrus unshiut0
- Treatment
- potassium fertilizationt0
- Outcome
- N, P, K, Ca and Mg contents of the peel and fleshe0
- Direction
- no remarkable differencee0
- Comparator
- two plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Throughout the five years, no remarkable difference of N, P, K, Ca and Mg contents of the peel and flesh existed between the fruits of the two plots.”
t0“Effect of six-year potassium fertilization on yield, fruit quality and leaf analysis of bearing Satsuma oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
August leaf potassium content was not significantly different between plots.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orangesCitrus unshiut0
- Organ / stage
- Leafe0
- Treatment
- potassium fertilizationt0
- Outcome
- K contente0
- Direction
- nosignificant differencee0
- Qualifier
- Auguste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf analysis in August showed also nosignificant difference of the K content.”
t0“Effect of six-year potassium fertilization on yield, fruit quality and leaf analysis of bearing Satsuma oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
Exchangeable soil potassium declined to 0.6 me per 100 g in the fertilized plot.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orangesCitrus unshiut0
- Treatment
- K-plote0
- Outcome
- exchangeable K in the soile0
- Direction
- as low ase0
- Value
- 0.6mee0
- Qualifier
- 0 to 30cm depthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average content of exchangeable K in the soil of 0 to 30cm depth was 1.05me per 100g of dry soil at the start of the experiment, while at the end of the experiment it was generally as low as 0.6me in the K-plot, and 0.4me in the non-K-plot.”
t0“Effect of six-year potassium fertilization on yield, fruit quality and leaf analysis of bearing Satsuma oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
Exchangeable soil potassium declined to 0.4 me per 100 g in the unfertilized plot.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orangesCitrus unshiut0
- Treatment
- non-K-plote0
- Outcome
- exchangeable K in the soile0
- Direction
- as low ase0
- Value
- 0.4mee0
- Qualifier
- 0 to 30cm depthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average content of exchangeable K in the soil of 0 to 30cm depth was 1.05me per 100g of dry soil at the start of the experiment, while at the end of the experiment it was generally as low as 0.6me in the K-plot, and 0.4me in the non-K-plot.”
t0“Effect of six-year potassium fertilization on yield, fruit quality and leaf analysis of bearing Satsuma oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium uptake exceeded inputs without potassium fertilization.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orangesCitrus unshiut0
- Treatment
- non-K-plote0
- Outcome
- total amount of potassium takene0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Comparator
- that appliede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Thus, in the non-K-plot the total amount of potassium taken exceeded that applied.”
t0“Effect of six-year potassium fertilization on yield, fruit quality and leaf analysis of bearing Satsuma oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
Trees apparently used 0.2 me nonexchangeable soil potassium per 100 g dry soil in the unfertilized plot.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orangesCitrus unshiut0
- Outcome
- non exchangeable Ke0
- Value
- 0.2me of non exchangeable K per 100g of dry soile0
- Qualifier
- seemed to be utilized by a treee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In this case, 0.2me of non exchangeable K per 100g of dry soil seemed to be utilized by a tree.”
t0“Effect of six-year potassium fertilization on yield, fruit quality and leaf analysis of bearing Satsuma oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
In the fertilized plot, potassium uptake was less than potassium applied.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orangesCitrus unshiut0
- Treatment
- K-plote0
- Outcome
- total amount of potassium takene0
- Direction
- less thane0
- Comparator
- that appliede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the K-plot, the result was reverse; the total amount of potassium taken was less than that applied.”
t0“Effect of six-year potassium fertilization on yield, fruit quality and leaf analysis of bearing Satsuma oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
Assuming 30% potash availability, uptake and applied amounts were nearly equal.
- Taxon
- Satsuma orangesCitrus unshiut0
- Outcome
- both amountse0
- Direction
- nearly the samee0
- Qualifier
- availability of potash applied was estimated to be 30 percente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, when the availability of potash applied was estimated to be 30 percent, the both amounts became nearly the same.”
t0“Effect of six-year potassium fertilization on yield, fruit quality and leaf analysis of bearing Satsuma oranges”
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