Abstract
The study of plant responses to environmental stress factors is essential for management of plant systems and for anticipating their response to climate change. The main goal of this study was to determine morphological and physiological responses of Nothofagus obliqua and N. nervosa seedlings to light and temperature, two of the main stress factors acting in their current natural distribution in NW Patagonia. Responses to light were evaluated analyzing growth and survival, as well as morphological and physiological traits related to them, in seedlings subjected to three contrasting light conditions (full-sun conditions, 50% of sunlight and 20% of sunlight) during one growth season. Temperature photosynthetic responses were evaluated in seedlings subjected to temperature treatments between -5 and 40°C for 2 and 4 h. Growth rate and biomass partition were similar between light treatments in both species. High apical meristem damage and decreased photosynthetic capacity of preformed leaves were observed under full-sun conditions, suggesting that high light levels have a deleterious effect on plant yield. Both species produced neoformed leaves during the growing season with better photosynthetic capacity than preformed leaves under full sun conditions, contributing to plant acclimation. Almost no plasticity was observed in morphological traits in response to shade. Both species differed in optimum temperature for photosynthesis, with a wider temperature range at which high photosynthesis is maintained in N. obliqua. In both species the higher values of net photosynthetic rate were found at higher temperatures than the mean annual temperature of its current natural distribution range. Under no water-stress conditions, future higher temperatures could increase carbon fixation of these species, with a little advantage of N. obliqua if temperature variance is high. Synergy effect of various environmental stress factors, particularly considering cultivation of these species outside their current natural distribution sites require further studies.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Growth rate and biomass partition were similar among light treatments in both Nothofagus species.
- Taxon
- Nothofagus
Nothofagust0 - Treatment
- light treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Growth rate and biomass partitione0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- light treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth rate and biomass partition were similar between light treatments in both species”
t0“Nothofagus species”
Claim · model-written summary
Full sun caused high apical meristem damage.
- Taxon
- NothofagusNothofagust0
- Treatment
- full-sun conditionse0
- Outcome
- apical meristem damagee0
- Direction
- Highe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High apical meristem damage and decreased photosynthetic capacity of preformed leaves were observed under full-sun conditions”
t0“Nothofagus species”
Claim · model-written summary
Preformed-leaf photosynthetic capacity decreased under full sun.
- Taxon
- NothofagusNothofagust0
- Treatment
- full-sun conditionse0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic capacity of preformed leavese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High apical meristem damage and decreased photosynthetic capacity of preformed leaves were observed under full-sun conditions”
t0“Nothofagus species”
Claim · model-written summary
Both species produced neoformed leaves during the growing season.
- Taxon
- NothofagusNothofagust0
- Organ / stage
- neoformed leavese0
- Outcome
- produced neoformed leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both species produced neoformed leaves during the growing season”
t0“Nothofagus species”
Claim · model-written summary
Neoformed leaves had better photosynthetic capacity than preformed leaves under full sun.
- Taxon
- NothofagusNothofagust0
- Organ / stage
- neoformed leavese0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic capacitye0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Qualifier
- under full sun conditionse0
- Comparator
- preformed leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“neoformed leaves during the growing season with better photosynthetic capacity than preformed leaves under full sun conditions”
t0“Nothofagus species”
Claim · model-written summary
Morphological traits showed almost no plasticity in response to shade.
- Taxon
- NothofagusNothofagust0
- Treatment
- shadee0
- Outcome
- plasticitye0
- Direction
- Almost noe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Almost no plasticity was observed in morphological traits in response to shade”
t0“Nothofagus species”
Claim · model-written summary
The species differed in optimum photosynthesis temperature.
- Taxon
- NothofagusNothofagust0
- Outcome
- optimum temperature for photosynthesise0
- Direction
- differede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both species differed in optimum temperature for photosynthesis”
t0“Nothofagus species”
Claim · model-written summary
N. obliqua maintained high photosynthesis across a wider temperature range.
- Taxon
- NothofagusNothofagust0
- Material
- N. obliquae0
- Outcome
- temperature range at which high photosynthesis is maintainede0
- Direction
- widere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with a wider temperature range at which high photosynthesis is maintained in N. obliqua”
t0“Nothofagus species”
Claim · model-written summary
Both species had highest net photosynthesis at temperatures higher than their range mean annual temperature.
- Taxon
- NothofagusNothofagust0
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- mean annual temperature of its current natural distribution rangee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both species the higher values of net photosynthetic rate were found at higher temperatures than the mean annual temperature of its current natural distribution range”
t0“Nothofagus species”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that future warming without water stress could increase carbon fixation, with a small N. obliqua advantage under high temperature variance.
- Taxon
- NothofagusNothofagust0
- Treatment
- future higher temperaturese0
- Outcome
- carbon fixatione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- Under no water-stress conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under no water-stress conditions, future higher temperatures could increase carbon fixation of these species, with a little advantage of N. obliqua if temperature variance is high”
t0“Nothofagus species”