Abstract
Tannery industry releases high amounts of tannery sludge which are currently composted and used in agricultural soils. The consecutive amendment of such composted tannery sludge (CTS) may affect soil microrganisms, such as rhizobia. In this study, we evaluated the effects of 5-year repeated CTS amendment on growth, nodulation, and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) CTS was applied in different amounts (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 Mg/ha) to a sandy soil. Amendment of CTS increased soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), sodium and chromium content. Plant growth, nodulation, N accumulation, and cowpea yield increased up to 10 Mg/ha; however, above this rate, these variables decreased. After 5 years of CTS amendment, the increase in soil chemical properties, particularly EC and Na content, exerted negative effects on the growth, nodulation, and yield of cowpea.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Composted tannery sludge amendment increased soil pH and electrical conductivity in the sandy soil used for cowpea.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatat0 - Treatment
- Amendment of CTSe0
- Outcome
- soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- sandy soile1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Amendment of CTS increased soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), sodium and chromium content”
e1“CTS was applied in different amounts (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 Mg/ha) to a sandy soil”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Composted tannery sludge amendment increased soil sodium and chromium content in the sandy soil used for cowpea.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Amendment of CTSe0
- Outcome
- sodium and chromium contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- sandy soile1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Amendment of CTS increased soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), sodium and chromium content”
e1“CTS was applied in different amounts (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 Mg/ha) to a sandy soil”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Cowpea plant growth, nodulation and N accumulation increased with CTS amendment up to 10 Mg/ha.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- CTS was applied in different amounts (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 Mg/ha)e1
- Outcome
- Plant growth, nodulation, N accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- up to 10 Mg/hae0
- Setting
- sandy soile1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant growth, nodulation, N accumulation, and cowpea yield increased up to 10 Mg/ha; however, above this rate, these variables decreased”
e1“CTS was applied in different amounts (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 Mg/ha) to a sandy soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Cowpea yield increased with CTS amendment up to 10 Mg/ha.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- CTS was applied in different amounts (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 Mg/ha)e1
- Outcome
- cowpea yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- up to 10 Mg/hae0
- Setting
- sandy soile1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant growth, nodulation, N accumulation, and cowpea yield increased up to 10 Mg/ha; however, above this rate, these variables decreased”
e1“CTS was applied in different amounts (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 Mg/ha) to a sandy soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Above 10 Mg/ha CTS, cowpea plant growth, nodulation and N accumulation decreased.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- CTS was applied in different amounts (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 Mg/ha)e1
- Outcome
- Plant growth, nodulation, N accumulatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- above this ratee0
- Setting
- sandy soile1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant growth, nodulation, N accumulation, and cowpea yield increased up to 10 Mg/ha; however, above this rate, these variables decreased”
e1“CTS was applied in different amounts (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 Mg/ha) to a sandy soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Above 10 Mg/ha CTS, cowpea yield decreased.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- CTS was applied in different amounts (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 Mg/ha)e1
- Outcome
- cowpea yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- above this ratee0
- Setting
- sandy soile1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant growth, nodulation, N accumulation, and cowpea yield increased up to 10 Mg/ha; however, above this rate, these variables decreased”
e1“CTS was applied in different amounts (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 Mg/ha) to a sandy soil”
Claim · model-written summary
After 5 years of CTS amendment, the increased soil EC and Na content exerted negative effects on cowpea growth, nodulation and yield.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Outcome
- growth, nodulation, and yield of cowpeae0
- Qualifier
- the increase in soil chemical properties, particularly EC and Na contente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the increase in soil chemical properties, particularly EC and Na content, exerted negative effects on the growth, nodulation, and yield of cowpea”
The same questions in other papers
organic · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
18 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
16 papers more in this group
See all 20 papers →fertilization · symbiosis · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
43 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
47 papers more in this group
See all 51 papers →fertilization · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
274 papers in the same direction as this paper · 15 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
288 papers more in this group
See all 292 papers →organic · symbiosis · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.