Abstract
Stellera chamaejasme is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant with a wide range of medicinal properties and biological activity. In order to evaluate the phytotoxity of S. chamaejasme, the effects of aqueous extracts (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 g/L) prepared from roots was studied on the seed germination and seedling growth of rapeseed (Brassica napus), sesame (Sesamum indicum), wheat (Triticum aestivum) and maize (Zea mays). The treatments with high concentration extract (50 and 100 g/L) significantly reduced the germination rate of four crops compared with the control but the treatments with low concentration extract (from 6.25 to 25 g/L) had no obvious inhibitory effect. The mean germination time (MGT) of rapeseed and sesame increased with increasing extract concentration generally. The MGT of wheat and maize extended only at above 50 g/L concentration and at 100 g/L concentration respectively, whereas the treatments at 6.25, 25 and 50 g/L had a decreased effect on MGT of maize. The concentration-dependent effects were also found on shoot length, root length, number of lateral roots and dry weight of rapeseed, wheat and sesame seedling. Lower concentration extract treatments (6.25, 12.5 and 25 g/L) significantly promoted the seedling growth of maize, whereas the higher concentrations extracts had inhibitory effect. The results demonstrated that the high concentration aqueous extracts from S. chamaejasme had strong phytotoxity on seedlings growth of tested species. Dicotyledonous plants (rapeseed and sesame) were more sensitive to S. chamaejasme extract than monocotyledonous plants (wheat and maize). This result might be an important reference for further investigating the phytotoxic effect ofS. chamaejasme for weed control. Key words: Stellera chamaejasme, phytotoxity, allelopathy, germination, seedling growth.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
High extract concentrations reduced germination in rapeseed.
- Taxon
- rapeseed (Brassica napus)
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napuse1 - Treatment
- high concentration extract (50 and 100 g/L)e0
- Interactor
- Stellera chamaejasme
Stellera chamaejasmet0other - Outcome
- germination ratee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The treatments with high concentration extract (50 and 100 g/L) significantly reduced the germination rate of four crops compared with the control”
t0“Stellera chamaejasme L. root extract”
e1“rapeseed (Brassica napus), sesame (Sesamum indicum), wheat (Triticum aestivum) and maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
High extract concentrations reduced germination in sesame.
- Taxon
- sesame (Sesamum indicum)
Sesamum indicume1 - Treatment
- high concentration extract (50 and 100 g/L)e0
- Outcome
- germination ratee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatments with high concentration extract (50 and 100 g/L) significantly reduced the germination rate of four crops compared with the control”
t0“Stellera chamaejasme L. root extract”
e1“rapeseed (Brassica napus), sesame (Sesamum indicum), wheat (Triticum aestivum) and maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
High extract concentrations reduced germination in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- high concentration extract (50 and 100 g/L)e0
- Outcome
- germination ratee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatments with high concentration extract (50 and 100 g/L) significantly reduced the germination rate of four crops compared with the control”
t0“Stellera chamaejasme L. root extract”
e1“rapeseed (Brassica napus), sesame (Sesamum indicum), wheat (Triticum aestivum) and maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
High extract concentrations reduced germination in maize.
- Treatment
- high concentration extract (50 and 100 g/L)e0
- Outcome
- germination ratee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatments with high concentration extract (50 and 100 g/L) significantly reduced the germination rate of four crops compared with the control”
t0“Stellera chamaejasme L. root extract”
e1“rapeseed (Brassica napus), sesame (Sesamum indicum), wheat (Triticum aestivum) and maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Low concentrations had no obvious germination inhibition in the four crops.
- Taxon
- rapeseed (Brassica napus)Brassica napuse1
- Treatment
- low concentration extract (from 6.25 to 25 g/L)e0
- Outcome
- no obvious inhibitory effecte0
- Direction
- no obvious inhibitory effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatments with low concentration extract (from 6.25 to 25 g/L) had no obvious inhibitory effect”
t0“Stellera chamaejasme L. root extract”
e1“rapeseed (Brassica napus), sesame (Sesamum indicum), wheat (Triticum aestivum) and maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean germination time rose with extract concentration in rapeseed.
Verbatim
e0“The mean germination time (MGT) of rapeseed and sesame increased with increasing extract concentration generally.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean germination time rose with extract concentration in sesame.
- Taxon
- sesameSesamum indicume0
- Treatment
- extract concentratione0
- Outcome
- mean germination time (MGT)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mean germination time (MGT) of rapeseed and sesame increased with increasing extract concentration generally.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat germination time extended above 50 g/L.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- above 50 g/L concentratione0
- Outcome
- MGTe0
- Direction
- extendede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The MGT of wheat and maize extended only at above 50 g/L concentration and at 100 g/L concentration respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize germination time extended at 100 g/L.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The MGT of wheat and maize extended only at above 50 g/L concentration and at 100 g/L concentration respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract at 6.25, 25 and 50 g/L decreased maize germination time.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatments at 6.25, 25 and 50 g/L had a decreased effect on MGT of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract effects on rapeseed seedling morphology and dry weight depended on concentration.
- Taxon
- rapeseede0
- Treatment
- concentratione0
- Outcome
- shoot length, root length, number of lateral roots and dry weighte0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The concentration-dependent effects were also found on shoot length, root length, number of lateral roots and dry weight of rapeseed, wheat and sesame seedling.”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract effects on wheat seedling morphology and dry weight depended on concentration.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- concentratione0
- Outcome
- shoot length, root length, number of lateral roots and dry weighte0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The concentration-dependent effects were also found on shoot length, root length, number of lateral roots and dry weight of rapeseed, wheat and sesame seedling.”
Claim · model-written summary
Extract effects on sesame seedling morphology and dry weight depended on concentration.
- Taxon
- sesameSesamum indicume0
- Treatment
- concentratione0
- Outcome
- shoot length, root length, number of lateral roots and dry weighte0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The concentration-dependent effects were also found on shoot length, root length, number of lateral roots and dry weight of rapeseed, wheat and sesame seedling.”
Claim · model-written summary
Low extract concentrations significantly promoted maize seedling growth.
- Treatment
- Lower concentration extract treatments (6.25, 12.5 and 25 g/L)e0
- Outcome
- seedling growth of maizee0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lower concentration extract treatments (6.25, 12.5 and 25 g/L) significantly promoted the seedling growth of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher extract concentrations inhibited maize seedling growth.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the higher concentrations extracts had inhibitory effect”
t0“Stellera chamaejasme L. root extract”
e1“rapeseed (Brassica napus), sesame (Sesamum indicum), wheat (Triticum aestivum) and maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dicotyledonous rapeseed and sesame were more sensitive than wheat and maize.
Verbatim
e0“Dicotyledonous plants (rapeseed and sesame) were more sensitive to S. chamaejasme extract than monocotyledonous plants (wheat and maize).”
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See all 435 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.