Abstract
We identified a gene of maize (Zea mays L.) that is transcriptionally activated in decapitated coleoptiles. The amino acid sequence deduced from its full-length cDNA indicated that the identified gene encodes a novel leucine-rich-repeat receptor-like kinase. The gene is named WOUND-RESPONSIVE AND PHYTOCHROME-REGULATED KINASE1 (WPK1) based on the findings of this study. Database searches revealed two and three homologs of WPK1 for Arabidopsis thaliana and rice, respectively. These homologs occurred along with WPK1 on a phylogenetic branch separated from all reported receptor kinases. We uncovered that the level of WPK1 transcripts is up-regulated rapidly and transiently in response to wounding and red light. The response to red light was reversible by far-red light, indicating that it is mediated by phytochrome. Applied jasmonic acid activated the expression of WPK1, while ethylene, salicylic acid and abscisic acid had no such effect. These results strongly suggested that WPK1 is a component of the jasmonate-mediated signaling that participates in both wound-induced defensive and phytochrome-mediated photomorphogenetic responses. Furthermore, it was found that both wounding and red light up-regulate the transcript level of ZmAOS, a gene for the jasmonate biosynthesis enzyme allene oxide synthase, and that auxin inhibits the expression of WPK1 but not of ZmAOS. We present a model of jasmonate-mediated signaling to explain the results obtained.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
A maize gene was transcriptionally activated in decapitated coleoptiles.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a gene of maize (Zea mays L.) that is transcriptionally activated in decapitated coleoptiles”
Claim · model-written summary
The identified gene encodes a novel leucine-rich-repeat receptor-like kinase.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the identified gene encodes a novel leucine-rich-repeat receptor-like kinase”
t0“Maize Coleoptiles”
Claim · model-written summary
Database searches found two Arabidopsis WPK1 homologs.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae0 - Gene
- WPK1e0
- Outcome
- homologs of WPK1e0
- Value
- twoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Database searches revealed two and three homologs of WPK1 for Arabidopsis thaliana and rice, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Database searches found three rice WPK1 homologs.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Gene
- WPK1e0
- Outcome
- homologs of WPK1e0
- Value
- threee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Database searches revealed two and three homologs of WPK1 for Arabidopsis thaliana and rice, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
WPK1 homologs formed a branch separate from reported receptor kinases.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These homologs occurred along with WPK1 on a phylogenetic branch separated from all reported receptor kinases”
t0“Maize Coleoptiles”
Claim · model-written summary
Wounding rapidly and transiently increased WPK1 transcripts.
- Treatment
- woundinge0
- Gene
- WPK1e0
- Outcome
- level of WPK1 transcriptse0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
- Qualifier
- rapidly and transientlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the level of WPK1 transcripts is up-regulated rapidly and transiently in response to wounding and red light”
t0“Maize Coleoptiles”
Claim · model-written summary
Red light rapidly and transiently increased WPK1 transcripts.
- Treatment
- red lighte0
- Gene
- WPK1e0
- Outcome
- level of WPK1 transcriptse0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
- Qualifier
- rapidly and transientlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the level of WPK1 transcripts is up-regulated rapidly and transiently in response to wounding and red light”
t0“Maize Coleoptiles”
Claim · model-written summary
Far-red light reversed the red-light response.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The response to red light was reversible by far-red light”
t0“Maize Coleoptiles”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytochrome mediated the red-light response.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The response to red light was reversible by far-red light, indicating that it is mediated by phytochrome”
t0“Maize Coleoptiles”
Claim · model-written summary
Jasmonic acid activated WPK1 expression.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applied jasmonic acid activated the expression of WPK1”
t0“Maize Coleoptiles”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene did not activate WPK1 expression.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applied jasmonic acid activated the expression of WPK1, while ethylene, salicylic acid and abscisic acid had no such effect”
t0“Maize Coleoptiles”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid did not activate WPK1 expression.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applied jasmonic acid activated the expression of WPK1, while ethylene, salicylic acid and abscisic acid had no such effect”
t0“Maize Coleoptiles”
Claim · model-written summary
Abscisic acid did not activate WPK1 expression.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applied jasmonic acid activated the expression of WPK1, while ethylene, salicylic acid and abscisic acid had no such effect”
t0“Maize Coleoptiles”
Claim · model-written summary
WPK1 was interpreted as part of jasmonate signaling in wound and light responses.
- Gene
- WPK1e0
- Outcome
- wound-induced defensive and phytochrome-mediated photomorphogenetic responsese0
- Qualifier
- jasmonate-mediated signalinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“WPK1 is a component of the jasmonate-mediated signaling that participates in both wound-induced defensive and phytochrome-mediated photomorphogenetic responses”
t0“Maize Coleoptiles”
Claim · model-written summary
Wounding increased ZmAOS transcript level.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both wounding and red light up-regulate the transcript level of ZmAOS”
t0“Maize Coleoptiles”
Claim · model-written summary
Red light increased ZmAOS transcript level.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both wounding and red light up-regulate the transcript level of ZmAOS”
t0“Maize Coleoptiles”
Claim · model-written summary
Auxin inhibited WPK1 expression.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“auxin inhibits the expression of WPK1 but not of ZmAOS”
t0“Maize Coleoptiles”
Claim · model-written summary
Auxin did not inhibit ZmAOS expression.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“auxin inhibits the expression of WPK1 but not of ZmAOS”
t0“Maize Coleoptiles”
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.