Abstract
Aerenchyma tissues form gas-conducting tubes that provide roots with oxygen under hypoxic conditions. Although aerenchyma have received considerable attention in Zea mays, the signaling events and genes controlling aerenchyma induction remain elusive. Here, we show that Arabidopsis thaliana hypocotyls form lysigenous aerenchyma in response to hypoxia and that this process involves H(2)O(2) and ethylene signaling. By studying Arabidopsis mutants that are deregulated for excess light acclimation, cell death, and defense responses, we find that the formation of lysigenous aerenchyma depends on the plant defense regulators LESION SIMULATING DISEASE1 (LSD1), ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPIBILITY1 (EDS1), and PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT4 (PAD4) that operate upstream of ethylene and reactive oxygen species production. The obtained results indicate that programmed cell death of lysigenous aerenchyma in hypocotyls occurs in a similar but independent manner from the foliar programmed cell death. Thus, the induction of aerenchyma is subject to a genetic and tissue-specific program. The data lead us to conclude that the balanced activities of LSD1, EDS1, and PAD4 regulate lysigenous aerenchyma formation in response to hypoxia.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Arabidopsis thaliana hypocotyls formed lysigenous aerenchyma in response to hypoxia.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae0 - Organ / stage
- hypocotylse0
- Treatment
- hypoxiae0
- Outcome
- lysigenous aerenchymae0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabidopsis thaliana hypocotyls form lysigenous aerenchyma in response to hypoxia”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen peroxide and ethylene signaling participate in hypoxia-induced Arabidopsis aerenchyma formation.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Organ / stage
- hypocotylse0
- Compound
- H(2)O(2)e0
- Outcome
- lysigenous aerenchymae0
- Qualifier
- ethylene signalinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabidopsis thaliana hypocotyls form lysigenous aerenchyma in response to hypoxia and that this process involves H(2)O(2) and ethylene signaling”
Claim · model-written summary
LSD1, EDS1 and PAD4 are required for lysigenous aerenchyma formation in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Gene
- LESION SIMULATING DISEASE1 (LSD1), ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPIBILITY1 (EDS1), and PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT4 (PAD4)e0
- Outcome
- formation of lysigenous aerenchymae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabidopsis mutants that are deregulated for excess light acclimation, cell death, and defense responses, we find that the formation of lysigenous aerenchyma depends on the plant defense regulators LESION SIMULATING DISEASE1 (LSD1), ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPIBILITY1 (EDS1), and PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT4 (PAD4)”
Claim · model-written summary
LSD1, EDS1 and PAD4 operate upstream of ethylene and reactive oxygen species production in Arabidopsis aerenchyma formation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Gene
- LESION SIMULATING DISEASE1 (LSD1), ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPIBILITY1 (EDS1), and PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT4 (PAD4)e0
- Outcome
- ethylene and reactive oxygen species productione0
- Qualifier
- upstreame0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabidopsis mutants that are deregulated for excess light acclimation, cell death, and defense responses, we find that the formation of lysigenous aerenchyma depends on the plant defense regulators LESION SIMULATING DISEASE1 (LSD1), ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPIBILITY1 (EDS1), and PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT4 (PAD4) that operate upstream of ethylene and reactive oxygen species production”
Claim · model-written summary
Programmed cell death in Arabidopsis hypocotyl aerenchyma occurs independently of foliar programmed cell death.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Organ / stage
- hypocotylse0
- Outcome
- programmed cell death of lysigenous aerenchymae0
- Comparator
- foliar programmed cell deathe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“programmed cell death of lysigenous aerenchyma in hypocotyls occurs in a similar but independent manner from the foliar programmed cell death”
e1“Arabidopsis mutants”