Abstract
The lesions simulating disease (lsd) mutants of Arabidopsis spontaneously develop hypersensitive-response-like lesions in the absence of pathogens. To address the function of the redox regulator glutathione in disease resistance, we examined the relationship between endogenous glutathione and PR-1 accumulation using one of these mutants, lsd1, as a disease resistance model. Lesion formation on lsd1 was suppressed by weak light and initiated by the subsequent transition to normal light. The application of buthionine sulfoximine, a specific inhibitor of glutathione biosynthesis, suppressed conditionally induced runaway cell death and expression of the PR-1 gene, suggesting that glutathione regulates the conditional cell death and PR-1 gene expression. The application of reduced (GSH) or oxidized (GSSG) glutathione to lsd1 upregulated the level of total glutathione ([GSH]+[GSSG]) accompanied by hastened accumulation of PR-1, and the basal level of total glutathione in lsd1 was higher than that in wild-type plants. The glutathione redox state defined as [GSH]/([GSH]+[GSSG]) decreased following the conditional transition, but the suppression of this decrease by the application of GSH did not inhibit the accumulation of PR-1. Taken together, conditional PR-1 accumulation in lsd1 is regulated not by the redox state but by the endogenous level of glutathione.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Weak light suppressed lesion formation in Arabidopsis lsd1.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsist0 - Material
- lsd1e0
- Treatment
- weak lighte0
- Outcome
- Lesion formatione0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lesion formation on lsd1 was suppressed by weak light and initiated by the subsequent transition to normal light.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Transition to normal light initiated lesion formation in Arabidopsis lsd1.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- lsd1e0
- Treatment
- transition to normal lighte0
- Outcome
- Lesion formatione0
- Direction
- initiatede0
- Comparator
- weak lighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lesion formation on lsd1 was suppressed by weak light and initiated by the subsequent transition to normal light.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Buthionine sulfoximine suppressed conditionally induced runaway cell death and PR-1 expression in Arabidopsis lsd1.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- lsd1t1
- Treatment
- buthionine sulfoximinee0
- Outcome
- conditionally induced runaway cell death and expression of the PR-1 genee0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of buthionine sulfoximine, a specific inhibitor of glutathione biosynthesis, suppressed conditionally induced runaway cell death and expression of the PR-1 gene, suggesting that glutathione regulates the conditional cell death and PR-1 gene expression.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“lsd1”
Claim · model-written summary
Glutathione was suggested to regulate conditional cell death and PR-1 gene expression in Arabidopsis lsd1.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- lsd1t1
- Compound
- glutathionee0
- Outcome
- conditional cell death and PR-1 gene expressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suggesting that glutathione regulates the conditional cell death and PR-1 gene expression”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“lsd1”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced glutathione application increased total glutathione in Arabidopsis lsd1.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- lsd1e0
- Treatment
- reduced (GSH)e0
- Outcome
- level of total glutathione ([GSH]+[GSSG])e0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of reduced (GSH) or oxidized (GSSG) glutathione to lsd1 upregulated the level of total glutathione ([GSH]+[GSSG]) accompanied by hastened accumulation of PR-1”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxidized glutathione application increased total glutathione in Arabidopsis lsd1.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- lsd1e0
- Treatment
- oxidized (GSSG) glutathionee0
- Outcome
- level of total glutathione ([GSH]+[GSSG])e0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of reduced (GSH) or oxidized (GSSG) glutathione to lsd1 upregulated the level of total glutathione ([GSH]+[GSSG]) accompanied by hastened accumulation of PR-1”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced glutathione application hastened PR-1 accumulation in Arabidopsis lsd1.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- lsd1e0
- Treatment
- reduced (GSH)e0
- Outcome
- accumulation of PR-1e0
- Direction
- hastenede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of reduced (GSH) or oxidized (GSSG) glutathione to lsd1 upregulated the level of total glutathione ([GSH]+[GSSG]) accompanied by hastened accumulation of PR-1”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxidized glutathione application hastened PR-1 accumulation in Arabidopsis lsd1.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- lsd1e0
- Treatment
- oxidized (GSSG) glutathionee0
- Outcome
- accumulation of PR-1e0
- Direction
- hastenede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of reduced (GSH) or oxidized (GSSG) glutathione to lsd1 upregulated the level of total glutathione ([GSH]+[GSSG]) accompanied by hastened accumulation of PR-1”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Basal total glutathione was higher in Arabidopsis lsd1 than in wild-type plants.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- lsd1e0
- Outcome
- basal level of total glutathionee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- wild-type plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the basal level of total glutathione in lsd1 was higher than that in wild-type plants”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Glutathione redox state decreased after the conditional light transition in Arabidopsis lsd1.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- lsd1t1
- Treatment
- conditional transitione0
- Outcome
- glutathione redox statee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The glutathione redox state defined as [GSH]/([GSH]+[GSSG]) decreased following the conditional transition”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“lsd1”
Claim · model-written summary
GSH application suppressed the decrease in glutathione redox state in Arabidopsis lsd1.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- lsd1t1
- Treatment
- application of GSHe0
- Outcome
- glutathione redox statee0
- Direction
- suppression of this decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The glutathione redox state defined as [GSH]/([GSH]+[GSSG]) decreased following the conditional transition, but the suppression of this decrease by the application of GSH did not inhibit the accumulation of PR-1.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“lsd1”
Claim · model-written summary
GSH suppression of the redox-state decrease did not inhibit PR-1 accumulation in Arabidopsis lsd1.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- lsd1t1
- Treatment
- application of GSHe0
- Outcome
- accumulation of PR-1e0
- Direction
- did not inhibite0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the suppression of this decrease by the application of GSH did not inhibit the accumulation of PR-1”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“lsd1”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude endogenous glutathione level, rather than redox state, regulates conditional PR-1 accumulation in Arabidopsis lsd1.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- lsd1e0
- Compound
- glutathionee0
- Outcome
- conditional PR-1 accumulatione0
- Qualifier
- not by the redox state but by the endogenous level of glutathionee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Taken together, conditional PR-1 accumulation in lsd1 is regulated not by the redox state but by the endogenous level of glutathione.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
The same questions in other papers
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light · disease · ArabidopsisPositive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction
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See all 21 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.