Abstract
• Relatively little is known about the influences of growing-season background ozone (O3) concentrations on leaf cuticles and foliar water loss. • Using fumigation chambers, leaf wettability and foliar water loss were studied in two poplar species, Populus nigra and P. euramericana, and a conifer, Pseudotsuga menziesii, under three O3 regimes; control (approx. 1 ppbv O3), urban O3 exposure (13–41 ppbv O3), and montane O3 exposure (30–45 ppbv O3). • Urban O3 exposure delayed a decrease in droplet contact angles over time in Populus leaves by 2–4 wk, and decreased droplet contact angles of P. menziesii foliage. Ozone exposure increased foliar water loss and minimal conductance to water vapour for P. euramericana, but not P. nigra and P. menziesii. Both Populus species had lower photosynthetic biomass in O3 treatments, due to production of fewer new leaves, premature leaf abscission and decreased leaf size (P. euramericana only). Leaf abscission was preceded by foliar injury symptoms characteristic of O3 exposure. • Results suggest that exposure to [O3] common during the growing season can increase water loss in Populus saplings, but this effect might be offset by decreased foliar biomass. Importantly, responses were highly species specific in a given O3 treatment.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Urban ozone delayed declining droplet contact angles in Populus leaves by 2–4 weeks.
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Urban O3 exposuree0
- Outcome
- droplet contact anglese0
- Direction
- delayed a decreasee0
- Value
- 2–4 wke0
PopulusNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Urban O3 exposure delayed a decrease in droplet contact angles over time in Populus leaves by 2–4 wk”
Claim · model-written summary
Urban ozone decreased droplet contact angles in P. menziesii foliage.
- Taxon
- P. menziesii
Pseudotsuga menziesiie0 - Organ / stage
- foliagee0
- Treatment
- Urban O3 exposuree0
- Outcome
- droplet contact anglese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Urban O3 exposure delayed a decrease in droplet contact angles over time in Populus leaves by 2–4 wk, and decreased droplet contact angles of P. menziesii foliage”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone increased foliar water loss and minimal conductance in P. euramericana.
- Taxon
- P. euramericana
Populus ×canadensise0 - Treatment
- Ozone exposuree0
- Outcome
- foliar water loss and minimal conductance to water vapoure0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ozone exposure increased foliar water loss and minimal conductance to water vapour for P. euramericana”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone did not increase foliar water loss and conductance in P. nigra.
- Taxon
- P. nigra
Populus nigrae0 - Treatment
- Ozone exposuree0
- Outcome
- foliar water loss and minimal conductance to water vapoure0
- Direction
- note0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ozone exposure increased foliar water loss and minimal conductance to water vapour for P. euramericana, but not P. nigra and P. menziesii”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone did not increase foliar water loss and conductance in P. menziesii.
- Taxon
- P. menziesiiPseudotsuga menziesiie0
- Treatment
- Ozone exposuree0
- Outcome
- foliar water loss and minimal conductance to water vapoure0
- Direction
- note0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ozone exposure increased foliar water loss and minimal conductance to water vapour for P. euramericana, but not P. nigra and P. menziesii”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone reduced photosynthetic biomass in both Populus species.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both Populus species had lower photosynthetic biomass in O3 treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone treatments produced fewer new leaves in both Populus species.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both Populus species had lower photosynthetic biomass in O3 treatments, due to production of fewer new leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone caused premature leaf abscission in both Populus species.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both Populus species had lower photosynthetic biomass in O3 treatments, due to production of fewer new leaves, premature leaf abscission”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone decreased leaf size in P. euramericana.
- Taxon
- P. euramericanaPopulus ×canadensise0
- Outcome
- leaf sizee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased leaf size (P. euramericana only)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone-associated foliar injury preceded leaf abscission.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
t0“tree”
e0“Leaf abscission was preceded by foliar injury symptoms characteristic of O3 exposure”
The same questions in other papers
ozone · physiology: photosynthesis · Populus (poplar)Results differ
16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- negative
14 papers more in this group
See all 18 papers →ozone · physiology: water · Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas-fir)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
ozone · yield · Populus (poplar)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.