Abstract
Abstract Two cultivars ("Spirit”; and “Jubileo") of maize (Zea mays L.) were studied to compare their response to various levels of potassium (K+) (0.1, 1, and 6 mol/m3) and sodium chloride (NaCl) (0 and 50 mol/m3) in nutrient solutions with 16 h photoperiod, day/night temperature regime of 25/20°C, and a photon flux density of 380 nmol/m2/sec. ‘Spirit’ produced about 1.5 times more biomass than ‘Jubileo’ at 6 mol/m3 K+in the control treament, while at 0.1 mol/m3 K+ the growth of both cultivars was similar. Plant fresh weight was reduced by 20% in ‘Spirit’ and by 30% in ‘Jubileo’ with 50 mol/m3 NaCl and 6 mol/m3 K+. Growth reduction of maize plants by salinity was associated with an excessive accumulation of sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl‐) rather than an effect on water relations. The higher salt tolerance of ‘Spirit’ can be related to its greater capacity to exclude Na+ and Cl‐ from the leaves and to maintain a higher K+/Na+ ratio. Increasing the K+ supply in the rooting media did not improve growth reduction imposed by the 50 mol/m3 NaCl treatment. ‘Jubileo’ had a lower turgor potential than ‘Spirit’. High concentrations of Na+ in the leaves may help to maintain turgor, but cannot substitute for K+ to give adequate growth of maize. The accumulation in leaf tissue of inorganic ions was sufficient for osmotic adjustment in both cultivars and no single organic solute appears to be important in this process.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Spirit produced about 1.5 times more biomass than Jubileo at 6 mol/m3 K+ in the control.
- Material
- Spirite1
- Treatment
- 6 mol/m3 K+e1
- Outcome
- biomasse1
- Direction
- moree1
- Value
- about 1.5 timese1
- Comparator
- Jubileoe1
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“of maize (Zea mays L.) were studied to compare their response to various levels of potassium (K+) (0.1, 1, and 6 mol/m3) and sodium chloride (NaCl) (0 and 50 mol/m3) in nutrient solutions”
e1“‘Spirit’ produced about 1.5 times more biomass than ‘Jubileo’ at 6 mol/m3 K+in the control treament”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth of both cultivars was similar at 0.1 mol/m3 K+.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“of maize (Zea mays L.) were studied to compare their response to various levels of potassium (K+) (0.1, 1, and 6 mol/m3) and sodium chloride (NaCl) (0 and 50 mol/m3) in nutrient solutions”
e2“at 0.1 mol/m3 K+ the growth of both cultivars was similar”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant fresh weight of Spirit was reduced by 20% with 50 mol/m3 NaCl and 6 mol/m3 K+.
- Material
- Spirite3
- Treatment
- 50 mol/m3 NaCl and 6 mol/m3 K+e3
- Outcome
- Plant fresh weighte3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- 20%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“of maize (Zea mays L.) were studied to compare their response to various levels of potassium (K+) (0.1, 1, and 6 mol/m3) and sodium chloride (NaCl) (0 and 50 mol/m3) in nutrient solutions”
e3“Plant fresh weight was reduced by 20% in ‘Spirit’ and by 30% in ‘Jubileo’ with 50 mol/m3 NaCl and 6 mol/m3 K+”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant fresh weight of Jubileo was reduced by 30% with 50 mol/m3 NaCl and 6 mol/m3 K+.
- Material
- Jubileoe3
- Treatment
- 50 mol/m3 NaCl and 6 mol/m3 K+e3
- Outcome
- Plant fresh weighte3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- 30%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“of maize (Zea mays L.) were studied to compare their response to various levels of potassium (K+) (0.1, 1, and 6 mol/m3) and sodium chloride (NaCl) (0 and 50 mol/m3) in nutrient solutions”
e3“Plant fresh weight was reduced by 20% in ‘Spirit’ and by 30% in ‘Jubileo’ with 50 mol/m3 NaCl and 6 mol/m3 K+”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth reduction by salinity was associated with excessive accumulation of sodium (Na+) rather than an effect on water relations.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“of maize (Zea mays L.) were studied to compare their response to various levels of potassium (K+) (0.1, 1, and 6 mol/m3) and sodium chloride (NaCl) (0 and 50 mol/m3) in nutrient solutions”
e4“Growth reduction of maize plants by salinity was associated with an excessive accumulation of sodium (Na+)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing the K+ supply did not improve the growth reduction imposed by 50 mol/m3 NaCl.
- Treatment
- Increasing the K+ supply in the rooting mediae5
- Outcome
- growth reductione5
- Direction
- did not improvee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“of maize (Zea mays L.) were studied to compare their response to various levels of potassium (K+) (0.1, 1, and 6 mol/m3) and sodium chloride (NaCl) (0 and 50 mol/m3) in nutrient solutions”
e5“Increasing the K+ supply in the rooting media did not improve growth reduction imposed by the 50 mol/m3 NaCl treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Jubileo had a lower turgor potential than Spirit.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“of maize (Zea mays L.) were studied to compare their response to various levels of potassium (K+) (0.1, 1, and 6 mol/m3) and sodium chloride (NaCl) (0 and 50 mol/m3) in nutrient solutions”
e6“‘Jubileo’ had a lower turgor potential than ‘Spirit’”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher salt tolerance of Spirit may be related to its greater capacity to exclude Na+.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“of maize (Zea mays L.) were studied to compare their response to various levels of potassium (K+) (0.1, 1, and 6 mol/m3) and sodium chloride (NaCl) (0 and 50 mol/m3) in nutrient solutions”
e7“The higher salt tolerance of ‘Spirit’ can be related to its greater capacity to exclude Na+”
Claim · model-written summary
High leaf Na+ may help maintain turgor but cannot substitute for K+ for adequate growth.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“of maize (Zea mays L.) were studied to compare their response to various levels of potassium (K+) (0.1, 1, and 6 mol/m3) and sodium chloride (NaCl) (0 and 50 mol/m3) in nutrient solutions”
e7“High concentrations of Na+ in the leaves may help to maintain turgor, but cannot substitute for K+ to give adequate growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Inorganic ions accumulated in leaf tissue were sufficient for osmotic adjustment in both cultivars, with no single organic solute important.
- Organ / stage
- leaf tissuee7
- Compound
- inorganic ionse7
- Outcome
- osmotic adjustmente7
- Qualifier
- no single organic solute appears to be importante7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“of maize (Zea mays L.) were studied to compare their response to various levels of potassium (K+) (0.1, 1, and 6 mol/m3) and sodium chloride (NaCl) (0 and 50 mol/m3) in nutrient solutions”
e7“The accumulation in leaf tissue of inorganic ions was sufficient for osmotic adjustment in both cultivars and no single organic solute appears to be important in this process”
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