Abstract
Plants have several L-ascorbic acid (AsA) biosynthetic pathways, but the contribution of each one to the synthesis of AsA varyies between different species, organs, and developmental stages. Strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa) fruits are rich in AsA. The pathway that uses D-galacturonate as the initial substrate is functional in ripe fruits, but the contribution of other pathways to AsA biosynthesis has not been studied. The transcription of genes encoding biosynthetic enzymes such as D-galacturonate reductase (FaGalUR) and myo-inositol oxygenase (FaMIOX), and the AsA recycling enzyme monodehydroascorbate reductase (FaMDHAR) were positively correlated with the increase in AsA during fruit ripening. Fruit storage for 72 h in a cold room reduced the AsA content by 30%. Under an ozone atmosphere, this reduction was 15%. Ozone treatment increased the expression of the FaGalUR, FaMIOX, and L-galactose-1-phosphate phosphatase (FaGIPP) genes, and transcription of the L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (FaGLDH) and FAMDHAR genes was higher in the ozone-stored than in the air-stored fruits. Analysis of AsA content in a segregating population from two strawberry cultivars showed high variability, which did not correlate with the transcription of any of the genes studied. Study of GalUR protein in diverse cultivars of strawberry and different Fragaria species showed that a correlation between GalUR and AsA content was apparent in most cases, but it was not general. Three alleles were identified in strawberry, but any sequence effect on the AsA variability was eliminated by analysis of the allele-specific expression. Taken together, these results indicate that FaGalUR shares the control of AsA levels with other enzymes and regulatory elements in strawberry fruit.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
FaGalUR, FaMIOX and FaMDHAR transcription correlated positively with increasing AsA during ripening.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Organ / stage
- fruit ripeninge0
- Gene
- FaGalURe0
- Outcome
- increase in AsAe0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The transcription of genes encoding biosynthetic enzymes such as D-galacturonate reductase (FaGalUR) and myo-inositol oxygenase (FaMIOX), and the AsA recycling enzyme monodehydroascorbate reductase (FaMDHAR) were positively correlated with the increase in AsA during fruit ripening”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold storage for 72 h reduced fruit AsA content by 30%.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- storage for 72 h in a cold roome0
- Outcome
- AsA contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 30%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit storage for 72 h in a cold room reduced the AsA content by 30%”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Under ozone storage, fruit AsA content fell by 15%.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- ozone atmospheree0
- Outcome
- AsA contente1
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 15%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under an ozone atmosphere, this reduction was 15%”
e1“Fruit storage for 72 h in a cold room reduced the AsA content by 30%”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone increased expression of FaGalUR, FaMIOX and FaGIPP.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Ozone treatmente0
- Gene
- FaGalURe0
- Outcome
- expression of the FaGalUR, FaMIOX, and L-galactose-1-phosphate phosphatase (FaGIPP) genese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ozone treatment increased the expression of the FaGalUR, FaMIOX, and L-galactose-1-phosphate phosphatase (FaGIPP) genes”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
FaGLDH and FAMDHAR transcription was higher with ozone than air storage.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- ozone-storede0
- Outcome
- transcription of the L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (FaGLDH) and FAMDHAR genese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- air-stored fruitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transcription of the L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (FaGLDH) and FAMDHAR genes was higher in the ozone-stored than in the air-stored fruits”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
AsA content varied highly in the segregating strawberry population.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- segregating populatione0
- Outcome
- AsA contente0
- Qualifier
- high variabilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Analysis of AsA content in a segregating population from two strawberry cultivars showed high variability”
Claim · model-written summary
AsA variability did not correlate with transcription of the studied genes.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Gene
- genes studiede0
- Outcome
- variabilitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high variability, which did not correlate with the transcription of any of the genes studied”
e1“Analysis of AsA content in a segregating population from two strawberry cultivars showed high variability”
Claim · model-written summary
GalUR and AsA content correlated in most cultivars and species, but not universally.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Gene
- GalURe0
- Outcome
- AsA contente0
- Qualifier
- in most cases, but it was not generale0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a correlation between GalUR and AsA content was apparent in most cases, but it was not general”
e1“diverse cultivars of strawberry and different Fragaria species”
Claim · model-written summary
Three alleles were identified in strawberry.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Outcome
- Three allelese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three alleles were identified in strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Allele-specific expression analysis eliminated a sequence effect on AsA variability.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Gene
- allele-specific expressione0
- Outcome
- AsA variabilitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“any sequence effect on the AsA variability was eliminated by analysis of the allele-specific expression”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
FaGalUR appears to share control of fruit AsA levels with other enzymes and regulatory elements.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Gene
- FaGalURe0
- Outcome
- AsA levelse0
- Qualifier
- other enzymes and regulatory elementse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FaGalUR shares the control of AsA levels with other enzymes and regulatory elements in strawberry fruit”
The same questions in other papers
ozone · molecular: metabolites · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
cold · molecular: metabolites · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →storage · molecular: metabolites · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
17 papers more in this group
See all 21 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.