Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of silage additives on the fermentation qualities and residual mono-and di- saccharides composition of silages. Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) were ensiled with glucose, sorbic acid and pre-fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) treatments for 30 days. In both species grass silages, although the respective controls had higher contents of butyric acid (20.86, 33.45g kg -1 DM) and ammonia-N/total nitrogen (100.07, 114.91 g kg -1 ) as compared with other treated silages in forage oats and Italian ryegrass, the fermentation was clearly dominated by lactic acid bacteria. This was well indicated by the low pH value (4.27, 4.38), and high lactic acid/acetic acid (6.53, 5.58) and lactic acid content (61.67, 46.85 g kg -1 DM). Glucose addition increased significantly (p<0.05) lactic acid/acetic acid, and significantly (p<0.05) decreased the values of pH and ammonia-N/total nitrogen, and the contents of butyric acid and volatile fatty acids as compared with control, however, there was a slightly but significantly (p<0.05) higher butyric acid and lower residual mono-and di-saccharides as compared with sorbic acid and FJLB additions. Sorbic acid addition showed the lowest ethanol, acetic acid and ammonia-N/total nitrogen, and highest contents of residual fructose, total mono-and di-saccharides and dry matter as well as high lactic acid/acetic acid and lactic acid content. FJLB addition had the lowest pH value and the highest lactic acid content, the most intensive lactic acid fermentation occurring in FJLB treated silages. This resulted in the faster accumulation of lactic acid and faster pH reduction. Sorbic acid and FJLB additions depressed clostridia or other undesirable bacterial fermentation, thus this decreased the water-soluble carbohydrates loss and saved the fermentable substrate for lactic acid fermentation. (
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Glucose addition significantly increased the lactic acid/acetic acid ratio compared with the control in oat and ryegrass silages.
- Taxon
- Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)
Avena sativa
Lolium multiflorume0 - Treatment
- Glucose additione1
- Outcome
- lactic acid/acetic acide1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) were ensiled with glucose, sorbic acid and pre-fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) treatments for 30 days”
e1“Glucose addition increased significantly (p<0.05) lactic acid/acetic acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Glucose addition significantly decreased pH and ammonia-N/total nitrogen compared with the control.
- Taxon
- Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)Avena sativaLolium multiflorume0
- Treatment
- Glucose additione1
- Outcome
- pH and ammonia-N/total nitrogene1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) were ensiled with glucose, sorbic acid and pre-fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) treatments for 30 days”
e1“Glucose addition increased significantly (p<0.05) lactic acid/acetic acid, and significantly (p<0.05) decreased the values of pH and ammonia-N/total nitrogen, and the contents of butyric acid and volatile fatty acids as compared with control”
Claim · model-written summary
Glucose addition significantly decreased butyric acid and volatile fatty acid contents compared with the control.
- Taxon
- Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)Avena sativaLolium multiflorume0
- Treatment
- Glucose additione1
- Outcome
- butyric acid and volatile fatty acidse1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) were ensiled with glucose, sorbic acid and pre-fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) treatments for 30 days”
e1“Glucose addition increased significantly (p<0.05) lactic acid/acetic acid, and significantly (p<0.05) decreased the values of pH and ammonia-N/total nitrogen, and the contents of butyric acid and volatile fatty acids as compared with control”
Claim · model-written summary
Glucose-treated silages had slightly but significantly higher butyric acid than silages with sorbic acid and FJLB additions.
- Taxon
- Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)Avena sativaLolium multiflorume0
- Treatment
- glucosee0
- Outcome
- butyric acide1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- sorbic acid and FJLB additionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) were ensiled with glucose, sorbic acid and pre-fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) treatments for 30 days”
e1“there was a slightly but significantly (p<0.05) higher butyric acid and lower residual mono-and di-saccharides as compared with sorbic acid and FJLB additions”
Claim · model-written summary
Glucose-treated silages had slightly but significantly lower residual mono- and disaccharides than silages with sorbic acid and FJLB additions.
- Taxon
- Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)Avena sativaLolium multiflorume0
- Treatment
- glucosee0
- Outcome
- residual mono-and di-saccharidese1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- sorbic acid and FJLB additionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) were ensiled with glucose, sorbic acid and pre-fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) treatments for 30 days”
e1“there was a slightly but significantly (p<0.05) higher butyric acid and lower residual mono-and di-saccharides as compared with sorbic acid and FJLB additions”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorbic acid addition gave the lowest ethanol, acetic acid and ammonia-N/total nitrogen.
- Taxon
- Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)Avena sativaLolium multiflorume0
- Treatment
- Sorbic acid additione1
- Outcome
- ethanol, acetic acid and ammonia-N/total nitrogene1
- Direction
- loweste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) were ensiled with glucose, sorbic acid and pre-fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) treatments for 30 days”
e1“Sorbic acid addition showed the lowest ethanol, acetic acid and ammonia-N/total nitrogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorbic acid addition gave the highest contents of residual fructose, total mono- and disaccharides and dry matter.
- Taxon
- Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)Avena sativaLolium multiflorume0
- Treatment
- sorbic acide0
- Outcome
- residual fructose, total mono-and di-saccharides and dry mattere1
- Direction
- higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) were ensiled with glucose, sorbic acid and pre-fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) treatments for 30 days”
e1“highest contents of residual fructose, total mono-and di-saccharides and dry matter”
Claim · model-written summary
FJLB addition gave the lowest pH value.
- Taxon
- Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)Avena sativaLolium multiflorume0
- Treatment
- FJLB additione1
- Outcome
- pH valuee1
- Direction
- loweste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) were ensiled with glucose, sorbic acid and pre-fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) treatments for 30 days”
e1“FJLB addition had the lowest pH value and the highest lactic acid content”
Claim · model-written summary
FJLB addition gave the highest lactic acid content.
- Taxon
- Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)Avena sativaLolium multiflorume0
- Treatment
- FJLB additione1
- Outcome
- lactic acid contente1
- Direction
- higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) were ensiled with glucose, sorbic acid and pre-fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) treatments for 30 days”
e1“FJLB addition had the lowest pH value and the highest lactic acid content”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that sorbic acid and FJLB additions depressed clostridial or other undesirable fermentation, decreasing water-soluble carbohydrate loss.
- Taxon
- Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)Avena sativaLolium multiflorume0
- Treatment
- Sorbic acid and FJLB additionse1
- Outcome
- water-soluble carbohydrates losse1
- Qualifier
- depressed clostridia or other undesirable bacterial fermentatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) were ensiled with glucose, sorbic acid and pre-fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) treatments for 30 days”
e1“Sorbic acid and FJLB additions depressed clostridia or other undesirable bacterial fermentation, thus this decreased the water-soluble carbohydrates loss”
Claim · model-written summary
In both species the fermentation was clearly dominated by lactic acid bacteria.
- Taxon
- Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)Avena sativaLolium multiflorume0
- Outcome
- fermentation was clearly dominated by lactic acid bacteriae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Forage Oats (Avena sativa L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) were ensiled with glucose, sorbic acid and pre-fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) treatments for 30 days”
e1“the fermentation was clearly dominated by lactic acid bacteria”
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See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.