Abstract
Irrigation scheduling was used to increase water productivity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-maize (Zea mays L.) rotation under two climate change scenarios. Three wheat varieties and two maize hybrids were planted at in a 2-yr field experiment. CropSyst model was calibrated and validated for the collected field data, then was used to assess the impact of two climate change scenarios (A2 and B2) and three adaptation strategies (early sowing changing, irrigation schedule and the interaction between them) in the year of 2038s. The results revealed that A2 reduced yield more than B2 scenario for both crops. High yield reduction in wheat-maize rotation could be expected under climate change conditions, where wheat and maize yield will be reduced by an average of 41 and 56%, respectively. The most effective adaptation strategy for wheat was sowing 3 wk earlier and irrigation every 21 d, with irrigation water saving and no yield improvement under A2 scenario in both growing seasons. Whereas under B2 scenario yield improvement by 2% occurred with 3% saving in the applied irrigation water in the 1 st growing season and in the 2 nd growing season yield could improved by 8% with less than 1% increase in the applied irrigation water and higher water productivity. Changing irrigation schedule was an effective adaptation option for maize, where yield improvement could occur under both climate change scenarios in both growing seasons by up to 9% with less than 3% increase in the applied irrigation water and higher water productivity.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
A2 reduced wheat yield more than B2.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A2 reduced yield more than B2 scenario for both crops”
t0“Wheat-Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
A2 reduced maize yield more than B2.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A2 reduced yield more than B2 scenario for both crops”
t0“Wheat-Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Projected wheat yield declines averaged 41% under climate change.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Outcome
- wheat and maize yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 41e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat and maize yield will be reduced by an average of 41 and 56%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Projected maize yield declines averaged 56% under climate change.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat and maize yield will be reduced by an average of 41 and 56%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
For wheat under A2, sowing three weeks earlier and irrigating every 21 days saved water without improving yield.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- sowing 3 wk earlier and irrigation every 21 de0
- Outcome
- irrigation water saving and no yield improvemente0
- Direction
- no yield improvemente0
- Setting
- A2 scenarioe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sowing 3 wk earlier and irrigation every 21 d, with irrigation water saving and no yield improvement under A2 scenario”
t0“Wheat-Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Under B2, first-season wheat yield improved by 2%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- sowing 3 wk earlier and irrigation every 21 de1
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Value
- 2%e0
- Setting
- B2 scenarioe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under B2 scenario yield improvement by 2% occurred with 3% saving in the applied irrigation water in the 1 st growing season”
e1“The most effective adaptation strategy for wheat was sowing 3 wk earlier and irrigation every 21 d”
Claim · model-written summary
Under B2, first-season irrigation water use fell by 3%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- sowing 3 wk earlier and irrigation every 21 de1
- Outcome
- applied irrigation watere0
- Direction
- savinge0
- Value
- 3%e0
- Setting
- B2 scenarioe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under B2 scenario yield improvement by 2% occurred with 3% saving in the applied irrigation water in the 1 st growing season”
e1“The most effective adaptation strategy for wheat was sowing 3 wk earlier and irrigation every 21 d”
Claim · model-written summary
Under B2, second-season wheat yield could improve by 8%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- sowing 3 wk earlier and irrigation every 21 de1
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the 2 nd growing season yield could improved by 8% with less than 1% increase in the applied irrigation water and higher water productivity”
e1“The most effective adaptation strategy for wheat was sowing 3 wk earlier and irrigation every 21 d”
Claim · model-written summary
Under B2, second-season wheat irrigation water could increase by less than 1%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- sowing 3 wk earlier and irrigation every 21 de1
- Outcome
- applied irrigation watere0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- less than 1%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the 2 nd growing season yield could improved by 8% with less than 1% increase in the applied irrigation water”
e1“The most effective adaptation strategy for wheat was sowing 3 wk earlier and irrigation every 21 d”
Claim · model-written summary
Under B2, second-season wheat water productivity was higher.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- sowing 3 wk earlier and irrigation every 21 de1
- Outcome
- water productivitye0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“less than 1% increase in the applied irrigation water and higher water productivity”
e1“The most effective adaptation strategy for wheat was sowing 3 wk earlier and irrigation every 21 d”
Claim · model-written summary
Changing irrigation schedule could improve maize yield by up to 9% under both scenarios and seasons.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Changing irrigation schedule was an effective adaptation option for maize, where yield improvement could occur under both climate change scenarios in both growing seasons by up to 9%”
Claim · model-written summary
Changing maize irrigation schedule increased applied water by less than 3%.
- Treatment
- Changing irrigation schedulee0
- Outcome
- applied irrigation watere0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- less than 3%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Changing irrigation schedule was an effective adaptation option for maize, where yield improvement could occur under both climate change scenarios in both growing seasons by up to 9% with less than 3% increase in the applied irrigation water”
Claim · model-written summary
Changing maize irrigation schedule increased water productivity.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Changing irrigation schedule was an effective adaptation option for maize, where yield improvement could occur under both climate change scenarios in both growing seasons by up to 9% with less than 3% increase in the applied irrigation water and higher water productivity”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · physiology: water · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
252 papers in the same direction as this paper · 49 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
299 papers more in this group
See all 303 papers →irrigation · physiology: water · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
283 papers in the same direction as this paper · 39 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
320 papers more in this group
See all 324 papers →irrigation · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
797 papers in the same direction as this paper · 184 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
985 papers more in this group
See all 989 papers →irrigation · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
790 papers in the same direction as this paper · 209 in the opposite direction · 16 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
1,012 papers more in this group
See all 1,016 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.