Abstract
Relationships between nitrate (NO −3 ) supply, uptake and assimilation, water uptake and the rate of mobilization of seed reserves were examined for the five main temperate cereals prior to emergence from the substrate. For all species, 21 d after sowing (DAS), residual seed dry weight (d.wt) decreased while shoot plus root d.wt increased (15–30%) with increased applied NO −3 concentration from 0 to 5–20 m m . Nitrogen (N) uptake and assimilation were as great with addition of 5 m m ammonium (NH +4 ) or 5 m m NO −3 but NH +4 did not affect the rate of mobilization of seed reserves. Chloride (Cl - ) was similar to NO −3 in its effect on mobilization of seed reserves of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.). Increased rate of mobilization of seed reserves with additional NO −3 or Cl - was associated with increases in shoot, root and residual seed anion content, total seedling water and residual seed water content (% water) 21 DAS. Addition of NH +4 did not affect total seedling water or residual seed water content. For barley supplied with different concentrations of NO −3 or mannitol, the rate of mobilization of seed reserves was positively correlated ( r >0.95) with total seedling water and residual seed water content. The rate of mobilization of seed reserves of barley was greater for high N content seed than for low N content seed. Seed water content was greater for high N seed than for low N seed, 2 DAS. Additional NO −3 did not affect total seedling water or residual seed water content until 10–14 DAS. The effects of seed N and NO −3 on mobilization of seed reserves were detected 10 and 14 DAS, respectively. It is proposed that the increased rate of mobilization of seed reserves of temperate cereals with additional NO −3 is due to increased water uptake by the seedling while the seed N effect is due to increased water uptake by the seed directly.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrate lowered residual seed dry weight at 21 days.
Verbatim
e0“For all species, 21 d after sowing (DAS), residual seed dry weight (d.wt) decreased while shoot plus root d.wt increased (15–30%) with increased applied NO −3 concentration from 0 to 5–20 m m .”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nitrate raised shoot plus root dry weight 15–30%.
Verbatim
e0“For all species, 21 d after sowing (DAS), residual seed dry weight (d.wt) decreased while shoot plus root d.wt increased (15–30%) with increased applied NO −3 concentration from 0 to 5–20 m m .”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium and nitrate produced similarly large nitrogen uptake and assimilation.
- Treatment
- 5 m m ammonium (NH +4 )e0
- Outcome
- Nitrogen (N) uptake and assimilatione0
- Direction
- as greate0
- Comparator
- 5 m m NO −3e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen (N) uptake and assimilation were as great with addition of 5 m m ammonium (NH +4 ) or 5 m m NO −3”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium did not affect seed reserve mobilization rate.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“NH +4 did not affect the rate of mobilization of seed reserves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloride resembled nitrate in its effect on barley reserve mobilization.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree0 - Treatment
- Chloride (Cl - )e0
- Outcome
- mobilization of seed reservese0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- NO −3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Chloride (Cl - ) was similar to NO −3 in its effect on mobilization of seed reserves of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.).”
Claim · model-written summary
Additional nitrate or chloride increased shoot, root and residual seed anion content.
- Treatment
- additional NO −3 or Cl -e0
- Outcome
- shoot, root and residual seed anion contente0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Increased rate of mobilization of seed reserves with additional NO −3 or Cl - was associated with increases in shoot, root and residual seed anion content, total seedling water and residual seed water content (% water) 21 DAS.”
Claim · model-written summary
Additional nitrate or chloride increased seedling and residual seed water content.
- Treatment
- additional NO −3 or Cl -e0
- Outcome
- total seedling water and residual seed water contente0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Increased rate of mobilization of seed reserves with additional NO −3 or Cl - was associated with increases in shoot, root and residual seed anion content, total seedling water and residual seed water content (% water) 21 DAS.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium did not affect seedling or residual seed water content.
- Treatment
- NH +4e0
- Outcome
- total seedling water or residual seed water contente0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Addition of NH +4 did not affect total seedling water or residual seed water content.”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley reserve mobilization correlated positively with seedling and seed water content under nitrate and mannitol treatments.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- NO −3 or mannitole0
- Outcome
- rate of mobilization of seed reservese0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
- Value
- r >0.95e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For barley supplied with different concentrations of NO −3 or mannitol, the rate of mobilization of seed reserves was positively correlated ( r >0.95) with total seedling water and residual seed water content.”
Claim · model-written summary
High nitrogen barley seed mobilized reserves faster than low nitrogen seed.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Material
- high N content seede0
- Outcome
- rate of mobilization of seed reservese0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- low N content seede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rate of mobilization of seed reserves of barley was greater for high N content seed than for low N content seed.”
Claim · model-written summary
High nitrogen barley seed had higher water content at two days.
- Material
- high N seede0
- Outcome
- Seed water contente0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- 2 DASe0
- Comparator
- low N seede0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Seed water content was greater for high N seed than for low N seed, 2 DAS.”
Claim · model-written summary
Additional nitrate did not affect seedling or seed water content until days 10–14.
- Treatment
- Additional NO −3e0
- Outcome
- total seedling water or residual seed water contente0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Qualifier
- until 10–14 DASe0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Additional NO −3 did not affect total seedling water or residual seed water content until 10–14 DAS.”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed nitrogen effects on reserve mobilization were detected at day 10.
- Treatment
- seed Ne0
- Outcome
- effects of seed N and NO −3 on mobilization of seed reservese0
- Qualifier
- 10 and 14 DASe0
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“The effects of seed N and NO −3 on mobilization of seed reserves were detected 10 and 14 DAS, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate effects on reserve mobilization were detected at day 14.
- Treatment
- NO −3e0
- Outcome
- effects of seed N and NO −3 on mobilization of seed reservese0
- Qualifier
- 10 and 14 DASe0
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“The effects of seed N and NO −3 on mobilization of seed reserves were detected 10 and 14 DAS, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose that nitrate enhances reserve mobilization through greater seedling water uptake.
Verbatim
e0“It is proposed that the increased rate of mobilization of seed reserves of temperate cereals with additional NO −3 is due to increased water uptake by the seedling”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose that seed nitrogen enhances reserve mobilization through direct seed water uptake.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“the seed N effect is due to increased water uptake by the seed directly.”
The same questions in other papers
nitric oxide · growth · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.