Abstract
Seasonal variations in environmental conditions can have significant influence on flowering pattern and yield of roses. Evaluation studies were conducted to determine the flowering pattern and yield determinants of two Hybrid Tea rose cultivars in response to seasonal variations under rain-fed conditions. The 2 × 2 × 4 factorial experiment arranged in split plot design at three replications was conducted at two seasons (dry and wet) using two cultivars (cv. “Immaculate” and “P.H. Baby”, white and red flowers respectively) supplied with poultry manure (PM) application rates at 5, 10 and 20 t/ha where the unfertilized (0 t/ha) served as control. The result showed that the year two environmental conditions of both experiment I and II significantly improved plant height, number of leaves, number of buds (CNB) and opened flowers (CNF) and flower yield (FYD). “Immaculate” was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) taller with more leaves but thinner girth. Although generally lower in NF/NB, and not different in FYD, the “P.H. Baby” had more flowers (CNB and CNF) in experiment I. Except for no significant difference in FYD and lower NF/NB recorded by all manure rates compared to control in experiment II, plants treated with 5 t/ha PM recorded more flowers (CNB and CNF). Significant first and second order interaction effects (p ≤ 0.05) showed that “Immaculate” had taller height and more leaves but “P.H. Baby” had more CNB and CNF, although both were not different in FYD. In addition, plants supplied with 5 t/ha PM rates were better in plant height, number of leaves, CNB and CNF compared to other manure rates. In conclusion, year two environmental conditions supported better crop growth and yield, “Immaculate” grew better vegetatively but both were not different in floral yield, while the 5 t/ha PM was considered the optimum manure application rate under the rain-fed condition.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Year-two environmental conditions significantly improved plant height and number of leaves of Hybrid Tea roses in both experiments.
- Taxon
- Hybrid Tea Rose
Rosa hybrid cultivart0 - Treatment
- year two environmental conditionse0
- Outcome
- plant height, number of leavese0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hybrid Tea Rose”
e0“year two environmental conditions of both experiment I and II significantly improved plant height, number of leaves, number of buds (CNB) and opened flowers (CNF) and flower yield (FYD)”
Claim · model-written summary
Year-two environmental conditions significantly improved the number of buds, opened flowers and flower yield of Hybrid Tea roses in both experiments.
- Taxon
- Hybrid Tea RoseRosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- year two environmental conditionse0
- Outcome
- number of buds (CNB) and opened flowers (CNF) and flower yield (FYD)e0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hybrid Tea Rose”
e0“year two environmental conditions of both experiment I and II significantly improved plant height, number of leaves, number of buds (CNB) and opened flowers (CNF) and flower yield (FYD)”
Claim · model-written summary
The cultivar Immaculate was significantly taller with more leaves than P.H. Baby.
- Taxon
- Hybrid Tea RoseRosa hybrid cultivart0
- Material
- Immaculatee0
- Outcome
- taller with more leavese0
- Direction
- tallere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hybrid Tea Rose”
e0““Immaculate” was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) taller with more leaves but thinner girth”
Claim · model-written summary
The cultivar Immaculate had significantly thinner girth than P.H. Baby.
- Taxon
- Hybrid Tea RoseRosa hybrid cultivart0
- Material
- Immaculatee0
- Outcome
- thinner girthe0
- Direction
- thinnere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hybrid Tea Rose”
e0““Immaculate” was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) taller with more leaves but thinner girth”
Claim · model-written summary
The cultivar P.H. Baby had more flowers (buds and opened flowers) than Immaculate in experiment I.
- Taxon
- Hybrid Tea RoseRosa hybrid cultivart0
- Material
- P.H. Babye0
- Outcome
- flowers (CNB and CNF)e0
- Direction
- moree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hybrid Tea Rose”
e0“Although generally lower in NF/NB, and not different in FYD, the “P.H. Baby” had more flowers (CNB and CNF) in experiment I”
Claim · model-written summary
P.H. Baby did not differ from Immaculate in flower yield.
- Taxon
- Hybrid Tea RoseRosa hybrid cultivart0
- Material
- P.H. Babye0
- Outcome
- FYDe0
- Direction
- not differente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hybrid Tea Rose”
e0“Although generally lower in NF/NB, and not different in FYD, the “P.H. Baby” had more flowers (CNB and CNF) in experiment I”
Claim · model-written summary
P.H. Baby was generally lower in NF/NB than Immaculate.
- Taxon
- Hybrid Tea RoseRosa hybrid cultivart0
- Material
- P.H. Babye0
- Outcome
- NF/NBe0
- Direction
- lowere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hybrid Tea Rose”
e0“Although generally lower in NF/NB, and not different in FYD, the “P.H. Baby” had more flowers (CNB and CNF) in experiment I”
Claim · model-written summary
In experiment II all poultry manure rates produced no significant difference in flower yield compared with the control.
- Taxon
- Hybrid Tea RoseRosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- all manure ratese0
- Outcome
- FYDe0
- Direction
- no significant differencee0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hybrid Tea Rose”
e0“no significant difference in FYD and lower NF/NB recorded by all manure rates compared to control in experiment II”
Claim · model-written summary
In experiment II all poultry manure rates produced lower NF/NB than the control.
- Taxon
- Hybrid Tea RoseRosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- all manure ratese0
- Outcome
- NF/NBe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hybrid Tea Rose”
e0“no significant difference in FYD and lower NF/NB recorded by all manure rates compared to control in experiment II”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants treated with 5 t/ha poultry manure produced more flowers (buds and opened flowers).
- Taxon
- Hybrid Tea RoseRosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- 5 t/ha PMe0
- Outcome
- flowers (CNB and CNF)e0
- Direction
- moree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hybrid Tea Rose”
e0“plants treated with 5 t/ha PM recorded more flowers (CNB and CNF)”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants supplied with 5 t/ha poultry manure were better in plant height and number of leaves than with other manure rates.
- Taxon
- Hybrid Tea RoseRosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- 5 t/ha PM ratese0
- Outcome
- plant height, number of leavese0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- other manure ratese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hybrid Tea Rose”
e0“plants supplied with 5 t/ha PM rates were better in plant height, number of leaves, CNB and CNF compared to other manure rates”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants supplied with 5 t/ha poultry manure had more buds and opened flowers than with other manure rates.
- Taxon
- Hybrid Tea RoseRosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- 5 t/ha PM ratese0
- Outcome
- CNB and CNFe0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- other manure ratese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hybrid Tea Rose”
e0“plants supplied with 5 t/ha PM rates were better in plant height, number of leaves, CNB and CNF compared to other manure rates”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors consider 5 t/ha poultry manure the optimum application rate for Hybrid Tea roses under rain-fed conditions.
- Taxon
- Hybrid Tea RoseRosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- 5 t/ha PMe0
- Outcome
- optimum manure application ratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hybrid Tea Rose”
e0“the 5 t/ha PM was considered the optimum manure application rate under the rain-fed condition”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.