Abstract
Sub-soil (> 30 cm) salinity and sodicity is a growing problem particularly in irrigated agricultural areas with rising water tables, poor water quality and/or deficient soil drainage. There were two objectives in this study; (1) to quantify the effect of sub-soil salinity and sodicity in grain yield of triticale, bread wheat and durum wheat and, (2) to determine if genotypes within and between these three crops interact in a normal soil and one with a saline/sodic sub-soil under irrigated conditions. The soils at the CIMMYT experiment station in Cd. Obregon, Sonora, Mexico were mapped by kriging with GS+ geostatistical software for all chemical properties and soil texture. Using the soil maps, two contrasting areas of the station where identified. One with a saline/sodic sub-soil and the other with a normal soil (no limiting factors). A two year experiment was established with sixteen genotypes that included six bread wheats (1-6), five durum wheats (7-11) and five triticales (12-16) in the two soil types previously identified. The results showed a 10% yield reduction when all sixteen genotypes were averaged in the saline/sodic sub-soil location compared to the one with the normal soil. Average across genotypes all three crops seem to have the same level of tolerance to sub-soil salinity/sodicity. However, there was an interaction among genotypes for tolerance to sub-soil salinity/sodicity within each crop. Seven out of the sixteen (44%) genotypes evaluated were tolerant indicating a high frequency of tolerance to this soil problem in the CIMMYT germplasm. Breeders should be aware of the genotype x soil interaction present in bread wheat, durum wheat and triticale at the research station and insure that their trials are planted in soils that represent their breeding objectives.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Averaged across sixteen genotypes of triticale, durum wheat and bread wheat, yield was 10% lower in the saline/sodic sub-soil location than in the normal soil.
- Taxon
- triticale, durum wheat and bread wheat
Triticum aestivum
Triticum turgidum subsp. durum
×Triticosecalet0 - Treatment
- saline/sodic sub-soile0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 10%e0
- Comparator
- normal soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“triticale, durum wheat and bread wheat”
e0“The results showed a 10% yield reduction when all sixteen genotypes were averaged in the saline/sodic sub-soil location compared to the one with the normal soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Averaged across genotypes, the three crops seem to have the same level of tolerance to sub-soil salinity/sodicity.
- Taxon
- triticale, durum wheat and bread wheatTriticum aestivumTriticum turgidum subsp. durum×Triticosecalet0
- Treatment
- sub-soil salinity/sodicitye1
- Outcome
- tolerance to sub-soil salinity/sodicitye1
- Direction
- same levele1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“triticale, durum wheat and bread wheat”
e1“Average across genotypes all three crops seem to have the same level of tolerance to sub-soil salinity/sodicity”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotypes interacted in their tolerance to sub-soil salinity/sodicity within each crop.
- Taxon
- triticale, durum wheat and bread wheatTriticum aestivumTriticum turgidum subsp. durum×Triticosecalet0
- Material
- genotypese2
- Outcome
- interaction among genotypes for tolerance to sub-soil salinity/sodicitye2
- Qualifier
- within each crope2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“triticale, durum wheat and bread wheat”
e2“However, there was an interaction among genotypes for tolerance to sub-soil salinity/sodicity within each crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Seven of sixteen (44%) genotypes evaluated were tolerant to sub-soil salinity/sodicity.
- Taxon
- triticale, durum wheat and bread wheatTriticum aestivumTriticum turgidum subsp. durum×Triticosecalet0
- Material
- genotypese3
- Outcome
- genotypes evaluated were tolerante3
- Value
- 44%e3
- Qualifier
- Seven out of the sixteene3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“triticale, durum wheat and bread wheat”
e3“Seven out of the sixteen (44%) genotypes evaluated were tolerant indicating a high frequency of tolerance to this soil problem in the CIMMYT germplasm”
Claim · model-written summary
The CIMMYT germplasm showed a high frequency of tolerance to the sub-soil salinity/sodicity problem.
- Taxon
- triticale, durum wheat and bread wheatTriticum aestivumTriticum turgidum subsp. durum×Triticosecalet0
- Material
- CIMMYT germplasme3
- Outcome
- frequency of tolerance to this soil probleme3
- Qualifier
- high frequencye3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“triticale, durum wheat and bread wheat”
e3“Seven out of the sixteen (44%) genotypes evaluated were tolerant indicating a high frequency of tolerance to this soil problem in the CIMMYT germplasm”
Claim · model-written summary
Breeders should plant their trials in soils that represent their breeding objectives, given the genotype x soil interaction.
- Taxon
- bread wheat, durum wheat and triticaleTriticum aestivumTriticum turgidum subsp. durum×Triticosecalee4
- Outcome
- trials are planted in soils that represent their breeding objectivese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Breeders should be aware of the genotype x soil interaction present in bread wheat, durum wheat and triticale at the research station and insure that their trials are planted in soils that represent their breeding objectives”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · yield · Triticum turgidum (rivet wheat)Results differ
11 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- negative
- negative
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →salinity · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
196 papers in the same direction as this paper · 30 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
223 papers more in this group
See all 227 papers →salinity · yield · x Triticosecale (triticale)Results agree
7 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- no effect
- negative
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.