Abstract
Water stress is one of the most severe constraints to crop productivity. Plants display a variety of physiological and biochemical responses both at the cellular and whole organism level upon sensing water stress. Leaf rolling, stomatal closure, deeper root penetration, higher relative water content (RWC) and better osmotic adjustment are some of the mechanisms that plants employ to overcome water stress. In the current study, we report a mutant, enhanced water stress tolerant1 (ewst1) with enhanced water stress tolerance, identified from the ethyl methanesulfonate-induced mutant population of rice variety Nagina22 by field screening followed by withdrawal of irrigation in pots and hydroponics (PEG 6000). Though ewst1 was morphologically similar to the wild type (WT) for 35 of the 38 morphological descriptors (except chalky endosperm/expression of white core, decorticated grain colour and grain weight), it showed enhanced germination in polyethylene glycol-infused medium. It exhibited increase in maximum root length without any significant changes in its root weight, root volume and total root number on crown when compared with the WT under stress in PVC tube experiment. It also showed better performance for various physiological parameters such as RWC, cell membrane stability and chlorophyll concentration upon water stress in a pot experiment. Root anatomy and stomatal microscopic studies revealed changes in the number of xylem and phloem cells, size of central meta-xylem and number of closed stomata in ewst1. Comparative genome-wide transcriptome analysis identified genes related to exocytosis, secondary metabolites, tryptophan biosynthesis, protein phosphorylation and other signalling pathways to be playing a role in enhanced response to water stress in ewst1. The possible involvement of a candidate gene with respect to the observed morpho-physiological and transcriptional changes and its role in stress tolerance are discussed. The mutant identified and characterized in this study will be useful for further dissection of water stress tolerance in rice.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
ewst1 showed enhanced water stress tolerance.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- ewst1e0
- Outcome
- enhanced water stress tolerancee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ewst1) with enhanced water stress tolerance”
t0“rice mutant”
Claim · model-written summary
ewst1 resembled wild type for 35 of 38 morphological descriptors, with three stated exceptions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- ewst1e0
- Outcome
- morphologically similare0
- Value
- 35 of the 38 morphological descriptorse0
- Comparator
- wild type (WT)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ewst1 was morphologically similar to the wild type (WT) for 35 of the 38 morphological descriptors (except chalky endosperm/expression of white core, decorticated grain colour and grain weight)”
t0“rice mutant”
Claim · model-written summary
ewst1 germinated better in polyethylene glycol medium.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- rice mutantt0
- Treatment
- polyethylene glycol-infused mediume0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it showed enhanced germination in polyethylene glycol-infused medium”
t0“rice mutant”
Claim · model-written summary
Under stress, ewst1 had greater maximum root length than wild type.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- maximum root lengthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- under stresse0
- Comparator
- WTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increase in maximum root length without any significant changes in its root weight, root volume and total root number on crown when compared with the WT under stress”
t0“rice mutant”
Claim · model-written summary
Under stress, ewst1 root weight, root volume and crown root number did not change significantly relative to WT.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- root weight, root volume and total root number on crowne0
- Direction
- without any significant changese0
- Comparator
- WTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“without any significant changes in its root weight, root volume and total root number on crown when compared with the WT under stress”
t0“rice mutant”
Claim · model-written summary
Under water stress, ewst1 performed better for RWC, membrane stability and chlorophyll concentration.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- RWC, cell membrane stability and chlorophyll concentratione0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Qualifier
- upon water stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“better performance for various physiological parameters such as RWC, cell membrane stability and chlorophyll concentration upon water stress”
t0“rice mutant”
Claim · model-written summary
ewst1 had anatomical differences in vascular cell numbers, central meta-xylem size and closed stomata number.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- ewst1e0
- Outcome
- number of xylem and phloem cells, size of central meta-xylem and number of closed stomatae0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“changes in the number of xylem and phloem cells, size of central meta-xylem and number of closed stomata in ewst1”
t0“rice mutant”
Claim · model-written summary
Transcriptome analysis implicated genes in exocytosis, secondary metabolism, tryptophan biosynthesis, phosphorylation and signaling in ewst1 stress response.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- ewst1e0
- Gene
- genes related to exocytosis, secondary metabolites, tryptophan biosynthesis, protein phosphorylation and other signalling pathwayse0
- Outcome
- enhanced response to water stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“identified genes related to exocytosis, secondary metabolites, tryptophan biosynthesis, protein phosphorylation and other signalling pathways to be playing a role in enhanced response to water stress in ewst1”
t0“rice mutant”
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