Abstract
Field trials evaluated weed control in corn and soybean with CGA-248757 and flumiclorac. CGA-248757 and flumiclorac were applied to 5-, 45-, and 60-cm-tall velvetleaf. Visual control ratings 7 d after treatment (DAT) indicated the greatest control of velvetleaf in corn with CGA-248757 applied to velvetleaf when 5 or 45 cm tall, whereas the greatest control with flumiclorac occurred when applied to 5-cm-tall velvetleaf. However, ratings 21 DAT to 60-cm-tall velvetleaf indicated velvetleaf control with both herbicides was greatest when applied to plants 45 or 60 cm tall. CGA-248757 or flumiclorac applied postemergence (POST) following metolachlor or metolachlor plus atrazine preemergence (PRE) improved velvetleaf control compared with metolachlor plus atrazine alone. Similarly, tank mixtures of CGA-248757 or flumiclorac with 2,4-D following metolachlor PRE provided greater velvetleaf control compared with metolachlor PRE followed by 2,4-D POST. Velvetleaf control in corn was greater when CGA-248757 or flumiclorac were tank mixed with nicosulfuron plus atrazine or nicosulfuron plus dicamba. In soybean, metolachlor plus metribuzin plus clomazone PRE, metolachlor PRE followed by flumiclorac POST, and metolachlor plus metribuzin PRE followed by CGA-248757 or flumiclorac POST provided greater than 85% control of giant foxtail, common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed, and velvetleaf 56 d after POST treatments (DAPO) in 1997. Additionally, glyphosate applied late postemergence (LPOST) and tank mixtures of glyphosate with CGA-248757 or flumiclorac LPOST provided greater than 90% control of these same weed species in 1997. However, only metolachlor plus metribuzin PRE followed by CGA-248757 or flumiclorac POST and imazethapyr plus CGA-248757 or flumiclorac POST provided greater than 80% giant foxtail, common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed, and velvetleaf control 56 DAPO in 1998.Nomenclature: Atrazine; 2,4-D; CGA-248757 (proposed common name, fluthiacet), methyl[[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-[(tetrahydro-3-oxo-1H,3H-[1,3,4]thiadiazolo[3,4-a]pyridazin-1-ylidene)amino]phenyl]thio]acetate; clomazone; dicamba; flumiclorac; glyphosate; imazethapyr; metolachlor; metribuzin; nicosulfuron; common lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. #3 CHEAL; corn, Zea mays L. # ZEAMA; giant foxtail, Setaria faberi Herrm. # SETFA; redroot pigweed, Amaranthus retroflexus L. # AMARE; soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. # GLYMA; velvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medik. # ABUTH.Additional index words: Antagonism, herbicide interaction, Protox, bromoxynil, clethodim, oxasulfuron, quizalofop, sethoxydim, ABUTH, AMARE, CHEAL, DIGSA, GLYMA, SETFA, XANST, ZEAMA.Abbreviations: COC, crop oil concentrate; DAP, days after planting; DAPO, days after postemergence treatment; DAT, days after treatment; LPOST, late postemergence; NIS, nonionic surfactant; POST, postemergence; Protox, protoporphyrinogen oxidase; PRE, preemergence; UAN, 28% urea ammonium nitrate.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
In corn, 7 d after treatment the greatest velvetleaf control with CGA-248757 occurred when it was applied to 5 or 45 cm tall velvetleaf.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- CGA-248757 applied to velvetleaf when 5 or 45 cm talle0
- Interactor
- velvetleaf
Abutilon theophrastie0weed - Outcome
- control of velvetleafe0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn”
e0“Visual control ratings 7 d after treatment (DAT) indicated the greatest control of velvetleaf in corn with CGA-248757 applied to velvetleaf when 5 or 45 cm tall”
Claim · model-written summary
In corn, the greatest velvetleaf control with flumiclorac occurred when applied to 5-cm-tall velvetleaf.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- flumiclorace0
- Interactor
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie0weed
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Qualifier
- applied to 5-cm-tall velvetleafe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn”
e0“the greatest control with flumiclorac occurred when applied to 5-cm-tall velvetleaf”
Claim · model-written summary
At 21 DAT, velvetleaf control with both CGA-248757 and flumiclorac was greatest when applied to plants 45 or 60 cm tall.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- both herbicidese0
- Interactor
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie0weed
- Outcome
- velvetleaf controle0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Qualifier
- applied to plants 45 or 60 cm talle0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn”
e0“ratings 21 DAT to 60-cm-tall velvetleaf indicated velvetleaf control with both herbicides was greatest when applied to plants 45 or 60 cm tall”
Claim · model-written summary
POST CGA-248757 or flumiclorac after PRE metolachlor (plus atrazine) improved velvetleaf control compared with metolachlor plus atrazine alone.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- CGA-248757 or flumiclorac applied postemergence (POST) following metolachlor or metolachlor plus atrazine preemergence (PRE)e0
- Interactor
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie0weed
- Outcome
- velvetleaf controle0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- metolachlor plus atrazine alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn”
e0“CGA-248757 or flumiclorac applied postemergence (POST) following metolachlor or metolachlor plus atrazine preemergence (PRE) improved velvetleaf control compared with metolachlor plus atrazine alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank mixtures of CGA-248757 or flumiclorac with 2,4-D after PRE metolachlor gave greater velvetleaf control than metolachlor PRE followed by 2,4-D POST.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- tank mixtures of CGA-248757 or flumiclorac with 2,4-D following metolachlor PREe0
- Interactor
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie0weed
- Outcome
- velvetleaf controle0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- metolachlor PRE followed by 2,4-D POSTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn”
e0“tank mixtures of CGA-248757 or flumiclorac with 2,4-D following metolachlor PRE provided greater velvetleaf control compared with metolachlor PRE followed by 2,4-D POST”
Claim · model-written summary
Velvetleaf control in corn was greater when CGA-248757 or flumiclorac were tank mixed with nicosulfuron plus atrazine or nicosulfuron plus dicamba.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- CGA-248757 or flumiclorac were tank mixed with nicosulfuron plus atrazine or nicosulfuron plus dicambae0
- Interactor
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie0weed
- Outcome
- Velvetleaf controle0
- Direction
- greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn”
e0“Velvetleaf control in corn was greater when CGA-248757 or flumiclorac were tank mixed with nicosulfuron plus atrazine or nicosulfuron plus dicamba”
Claim · model-written summary
In soybean in 1997, three PRE/POST programs gave more than 85% control of giant foxtail, common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed and velvetleaf 56 d after POST.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt1 - Treatment
- metolachlor plus metribuzin plus clomazone PRE, metolachlor PRE followed by flumiclorac POST, and metolachlor plus metribuzin PRE followed by CGA-248757 or flumiclorac POSTe0
- Outcome
- control of giant foxtail, common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed, and velvetleafe0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- greater than 85%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“Soybean”
e0“metolachlor plus metribuzin plus clomazone PRE, metolachlor PRE followed by flumiclorac POST, and metolachlor plus metribuzin PRE followed by CGA-248757 or flumiclorac POST provided greater than 85% control of giant foxtail, common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed, and velvetleaf 56 d after POST treatments (DAPO) in 1997”
Claim · model-written summary
In soybean in 1997, LPOST glyphosate and its tank mixtures with CGA-248757 or flumiclorac gave more than 90% control of the same weeds.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt1
- Treatment
- glyphosate applied late postemergence (LPOST) and tank mixtures of glyphosate with CGA-248757 or flumiclorac LPOSTe0
- Outcome
- control of these same weed speciese0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- greater than 90%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“Soybean”
e0“glyphosate applied late postemergence (LPOST) and tank mixtures of glyphosate with CGA-248757 or flumiclorac LPOST provided greater than 90% control of these same weed species in 1997”
Claim · model-written summary
In soybean in 1998, only two programs gave more than 80% control of giant foxtail, common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed and velvetleaf 56 DAPO.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt1
- Treatment
- metolachlor plus metribuzin PRE followed by CGA-248757 or flumiclorac POST and imazethapyr plus CGA-248757 or flumiclorac POSTe0
- Outcome
- giant foxtail, common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed, and velvetleaf controle0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- greater than 80%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t1“Soybean”
e0“only metolachlor plus metribuzin PRE followed by CGA-248757 or flumiclorac POST and imazethapyr plus CGA-248757 or flumiclorac POST provided greater than 80% giant foxtail, common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed, and velvetleaf control 56 DAPO in 1998”
The same questions in other papers
Abutilon theophrasti · control · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
dicamba · Abutilon theophrasti · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
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See all 6 papers →metolachlor · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
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See all 14 papers →atrazine · Abutilon theophrasti · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
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See all 15 papers →Imazethapyr · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
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See all 25 papers →metribuzin · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
42 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
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See all 48 papers →glyphosate · weed · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
41 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 6 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
52 papers more in this group
See all 56 papers →2,4-D · Abutilon theophrasti · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
8 of 18 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.