Abstract
There is little information on the sensitivity of dry beans to flumioxazin. Tolerance of eight cultivars of dry beans representing four market classes (black, cranberry, kidney, and white beans) to preplant incorporated (PPI) and preemergence (PRE) applications of flumioxazin at the rate of 52.5, 70, and 140 g ai/ha were studied in three field experiments in Ontario in 2002 and 2003. There were no differences (P < 0.05) between two cultivars within a market class in their responses to flumioxazin. However, the four market classes differed in their responses to flumioxazin. Black and white beans were more sensitive to the PRE application of flumioxazin than cranberry and kidney beans. Flumioxazin applied PRE at 140 g/ha caused as much as 34% visual injury and reduced plant height by 23 to 28%, shoot dry weight by 35 to 39%, and yield by 20 to 30% in black and white bean market classes. Flumioxazin-applied PPI did not injure any market class. On the basis of this research, there is an acceptable margin of crop safety in these black and white bean cultivars only when flumioxazin is applied PPI. The two cranberry and kidney bean cultivars were tolerant to all rates of flumioxazin applied both PPI and PRE.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivars within the same dry-bean market class did not differ in flumioxazin response.
Verbatim
t0“Dry Beans”
e0“There were no differences (P < 0.05) between two cultivars within a market class in their responses to flumioxazin”
Claim · model-written summary
The four dry-bean market classes differed in flumioxazin response.
Verbatim
t0“Dry Beans”
e0“the four market classes differed in their responses to flumioxazin”
Claim · model-written summary
Black beans were more sensitive to preemergence flumioxazin than cranberry and kidney beans.
Verbatim
t0“Dry Beans”
e0“Black and white beans were more sensitive to the PRE application of flumioxazin than cranberry and kidney beans”
Claim · model-written summary
white beans were more sensitive to preemergence flumioxazin than cranberry and kidney beans.
Verbatim
t0“Dry Beans”
e0“Black and white beans were more sensitive to the PRE application of flumioxazin than cranberry and kidney beans”
Claim · model-written summary
PRE flumioxazin at 140 g/ha caused visual injury in black and white beans by 34%.
- Taxon
- Dry Beanst0
- Material
- black and white bean market classese0
- Treatment
- Flumioxazin applied PRE at 140 g/hae0
- Outcome
- visual injurye0
- Direction
- causede0
- Value
- 34%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Dry Beans”
e0“Flumioxazin applied PRE at 140 g/ha caused as much as 34% visual injury and reduced plant height by 23 to 28%, shoot dry weight by 35 to 39%, and yield by 20 to 30% in black and white bean market classes”
Claim · model-written summary
PRE flumioxazin at 140 g/ha reduced plant height in black and white beans by 23 to 28%.
- Taxon
- Dry Beanst0
- Material
- black and white bean market classese0
- Treatment
- Flumioxazin applied PRE at 140 g/hae0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 23 to 28%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Dry Beans”
e0“Flumioxazin applied PRE at 140 g/ha caused as much as 34% visual injury and reduced plant height by 23 to 28%, shoot dry weight by 35 to 39%, and yield by 20 to 30% in black and white bean market classes”
Claim · model-written summary
PRE flumioxazin at 140 g/ha reduced shoot dry weight in black and white beans by 35 to 39%.
- Taxon
- Dry Beanst0
- Material
- black and white bean market classese0
- Treatment
- Flumioxazin applied PRE at 140 g/hae0
- Outcome
- shoot dry weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 35 to 39%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Dry Beans”
e0“Flumioxazin applied PRE at 140 g/ha caused as much as 34% visual injury and reduced plant height by 23 to 28%, shoot dry weight by 35 to 39%, and yield by 20 to 30% in black and white bean market classes”
Claim · model-written summary
PRE flumioxazin at 140 g/ha reduced yield in black and white beans by 20 to 30%.
- Taxon
- Dry Beanst0
- Material
- black and white bean market classese0
- Treatment
- Flumioxazin applied PRE at 140 g/hae0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 20 to 30%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Dry Beans”
e0“Flumioxazin applied PRE at 140 g/ha caused as much as 34% visual injury and reduced plant height by 23 to 28%, shoot dry weight by 35 to 39%, and yield by 20 to 30% in black and white bean market classes”
Claim · model-written summary
PPI flumioxazin did not injure any dry-bean market class.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
t0“Dry Beans”
e0“Flumioxazin-applied PPI did not injure any market class”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors found an acceptable crop-safety margin for black and white beans only with PPI flumioxazin.
Verbatim
t0“Dry Beans”
e0“there is an acceptable margin of crop safety in these black and white bean cultivars only when flumioxazin is applied PPI”
Claim · model-written summary
Cranberry and kidney bean cultivars tolerated every tested PPI and PRE flumioxazin rate.
- Taxon
- Dry Beanst0
- Material
- cranberry and kidney bean cultivarse0
- Outcome
- tolerant to all rates of flumioxazin applied both PPI and PREe0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
t0“Dry Beans”
e0“The two cranberry and kidney bean cultivars were tolerant to all rates of flumioxazin applied both PPI and PRE”
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