Abstract
There is little information on the tolerance of dry bean to pendimethalin applied preplant incorporated (PPI) or preemergence (PRE). Five field studies were conducted over a two-year period (2009 and 2010) in major dry bean growing areas in Ontario, Canada to evaluate tolerance of black, cranberry, kidney, and white bean to the pendimethalin applied PPI or PRE at 1080 and 2160 g ai ha-1. There was minimal injury in various market classes of dry bean with pendimethalin applied PPI or PRE at 1080 or 2160 g ai ha-1 1 and 2 weeks after emergence (WAE). However, pendimethalin applied PRE caused slightly greater injury than pendimethalin applied PPI at 4 WAE. Pendimethalin applied PPI or PRE at 1080 or 2160 g ai ha-1 had no adverse effect on height of black, cranberry, kidney, and white bean except with pendimethalin at 2160 g ai ha-1 which decreased plant height 2% at Exeter and Ridgetown in 2009 and 2010. Pendimethalin applied PPI or PRE at 1080 or 2160 g ai ha-1 had no adverse effect on shoot dry weight of black, cranberry, kidney, and white bean. Yield of black, cranberry, kidney, and white bean was not adversely affected with pendimethalin applied PPI or PRE at 1080 or 2160 g ai ha-1 but there were differences between seed yield of various market classes of dry bean. Based on these results, there is an adequate margin of crop safety for pendimethalin applied PPI or PRE at the proposed rate of 1080 g ai ha-1 in black, cranberry, kidney, and white bean in Ontario. Key words: Black bean, cranberry bean, kidney bean, navy bean, pendimethalin, Phaseolus vulgaris L., white bean.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin at either timing and rate caused minimal dry bean injury at one and two weeks after emergence.
- Taxon
- dry beane0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin applied PPI or PRE at 1080 or 2160 g ai ha-1e0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Direction
- minimale0
- Qualifier
- 1 and 2 weeks after emergence (WAE)e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“There was minimal injury in various market classes of dry bean with pendimethalin applied PPI or PRE at 1080 or 2160 g ai ha-1 1 and 2 weeks after emergence (WAE).”
Claim · model-written summary
Preemergence pendimethalin caused slightly greater injury than preplant incorporated application at four weeks.
Verbatim
e0“pendimethalin applied PRE caused slightly greater injury than pendimethalin applied PPI at 4 WAE”
e1“tolerance of dry bean to pendimethalin”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin at 2160 g ai ha-1 decreased dry bean height by 2% at Exeter and Ridgetown.
- Taxon
- dry beane1
- Treatment
- pendimethalin at 2160 g ai ha-1e0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 2%e0
- Setting
- Exeter and Ridgetowne0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“pendimethalin at 2160 g ai ha-1 which decreased plant height 2% at Exeter and Ridgetown in 2009 and 2010”
e1“tolerance of dry bean to pendimethalin”
Claim · model-written summary
Other tested pendimethalin applications had no adverse effect on dry bean height.
- Taxon
- dry beane1
- Treatment
- Pendimethalin applied PPI or PRE at 1080 or 2160 g ai ha-1e0
- Outcome
- heighte0
- Direction
- no adverse effecte0
- Qualifier
- black, cranberry, kidney, and white beane0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Pendimethalin applied PPI or PRE at 1080 or 2160 g ai ha-1 had no adverse effect on height of black, cranberry, kidney, and white bean”
e1“tolerance of dry bean to pendimethalin”
Claim · model-written summary
Tested pendimethalin treatments had no adverse effect on dry bean shoot dry weight.
- Taxon
- dry beane1
- Treatment
- Pendimethalin applied PPI or PRE at 1080 or 2160 g ai ha-1e0
- Outcome
- shoot dry weighte0
- Direction
- no adverse effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Pendimethalin applied PPI or PRE at 1080 or 2160 g ai ha-1 had no adverse effect on shoot dry weight of black, cranberry, kidney, and white bean.”
e1“tolerance of dry bean to pendimethalin”
Claim · model-written summary
Tested pendimethalin treatments did not adversely affect dry bean yield.
- Taxon
- dry beane1
- Treatment
- pendimethalin applied PPI or PRE at 1080 or 2160 g ai ha-1e0
- Outcome
- Yielde0
- Direction
- not adversely affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Yield of black, cranberry, kidney, and white bean was not adversely affected with pendimethalin applied PPI or PRE at 1080 or 2160 g ai ha-1”
e1“tolerance of dry bean to pendimethalin”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed yield differed among dry bean market classes.
Verbatim
e0“there were differences between seed yield of various market classes of dry bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors judged 1080 g ai ha-1 pendimethalin at either timing safe for the four dry bean classes in Ontario.
Verbatim
e0“there is an adequate margin of crop safety for pendimethalin applied PPI or PRE at the proposed rate of 1080 g ai ha-1 in black, cranberry, kidney, and white bean in Ontario”
e1“tolerance of dry bean to pendimethalin”
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