Abstract
ABSTRACT Reduced-tillage peanut production is increasing due to reduced production costs and increased environmental and economic benefits compared to conventional systems. Experiments were conducted in Alabama and Georgia between 2005 and 2007 to evaluate a strip-tillage system utilizing a high-residue cereal rye cover crop, in comparison to a conventional tillage system. Six weed management schemes were evaluated including a preemergence (PRE) application of pendimethalin alone at 1.12 kg ai/ha or in combination with S-metolachlor at 1.36 kg ai/ha. Both PRE applications were applied alone or followed by (fb) a postemergence (POST) application consisting of a mixture of paraquat at 0.140 kg ai/ha plus bentazon at 0.56 kg ai/ha plus 2,4-DB at 0.224 kg ae/ha. The remaining two treatments consisted of a no-herbicide control and aforementioned POST-only application. In 2005 at the Alabama location, pendimethalin plus metolachlor with or without a POST application controlled all weeds >91% in the strip tillage treatment and controlled tall morningglory, yellow nutsedge, and common bermudagrass >83% in the conventional tillage system. Pendimethalin fb a POST application controlled all weeds > 97%, except large crabgrass (75%) and common bermudagrass (≤ 58%) regardless of tillage system. In 2007, pendimethalin and pendimethalin plus S-metolachlor followed by (fb) a POST application controlled smooth pigweed, tall morningglory, large crabgrass, Florida beggarweed, and sicklepod 70 to 99%, across tillage systems. In 2005 at the Georgia location, large crabgrass control was consistently reduced in strip-tillage compared to conventional tillage regardless of herbicide treatment. In 2006, pendimethalin plus S-metolachlor fb POST controlled common bermudagrass and yellow nutsedge 74 to 99%. Herbicide treatment effect on peanut yield varied with environment. Peanut yield was equivalent or greater by 25% or more in 3 of 4 site years utilizing strip-tillage indicating a yield advantage compared to conventional tillage. Peanut market grade was not affected by any herbicide treatments or tillage methods evaluated. Results show that producers can maintain weed control, equivalent grade and yield in reduced-tillage systems when utilizing a high-residue conservation agriculture system integrated with a PRE plus POST herbicide system.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin plus metolachlor controlled all weeds above 91% under strip tillage in Alabama in 2005.
- Taxon
- Peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- pendimethalin plus metolachlor with or without a POST applicatione1
- Interactor
- weedse1weed
- Outcome
- all weedse1
- Direction
- controllede1
- Value
- >91%e1
- Setting
- Alabamae1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e1“In 2005 at the Alabama location, pendimethalin plus metolachlor with or without a POST application controlled all weeds >91% in the strip tillage treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment controlled tall morningglory, yellow nutsedge, and common bermudagrass above 83% under conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Interactor
- tall morningglorye1weed
- Outcome
- tall morningglory, yellow nutsedge, and common bermudagrasse1
- Direction
- controllede1
- Value
- >83%e1
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e1“controlled tall morningglory, yellow nutsedge, and common bermudagrass >83% in the conventional tillage system”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin followed by POST controlled weeds other than large crabgrass and common bermudagrass above 97%.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Pendimethalin fb a POST applicatione1
- Interactor
- weedse1weed
- Outcome
- all weedse1
- Direction
- controllede1
- Value
- > 97%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e1“Pendimethalin fb a POST application controlled all weeds > 97%, except large crabgrass (75%) and common bermudagrass (≤ 58%) regardless of tillage system.”
Claim · model-written summary
Large crabgrass control was 75% with pendimethalin followed by POST.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Interactor
- large crabgrasse1weed
- Outcome
- large crabgrasse1
- Value
- 75%e1
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e1“large crabgrass (75%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Common bermudagrass control was at most 58% with pendimethalin followed by POST.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Interactor
- common bermudagrasse1weed
- Outcome
- common bermudagrasse1
- Value
- ≤ 58%e1
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e1“common bermudagrass (≤ 58%)”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2007 PRE herbicides followed by POST controlled five listed weed species by 70 to 99%.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin and pendimethalin plus S-metolachlor followed by (fb) a POST applicatione1
- Interactor
- smooth pigweed
Amaranthus hybriduse1weed - Outcome
- smooth pigweed, tall morningglory, large crabgrass, Florida beggarweed, and sicklepode1
- Direction
- controllede1
- Value
- 70 to 99%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e1“In 2007, pendimethalin and pendimethalin plus S-metolachlor followed by (fb) a POST application controlled smooth pigweed, tall morningglory, large crabgrass, Florida beggarweed, and sicklepod 70 to 99%, across tillage systems.”
Claim · model-written summary
Large crabgrass control was lower with strip tillage than conventional tillage at the Georgia site in 2005.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- strip-tillagee1
- Interactor
- large crabgrasse1weed
- Outcome
- large crabgrass controle1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee1
- Setting
- Georgiae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e1“In 2005 at the Georgia location, large crabgrass control was consistently reduced in strip-tillage compared to conventional tillage regardless of herbicide treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin plus S-metolachlor followed by POST controlled common bermudagrass and yellow nutsedge by 74 to 99% in 2006.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin plus S-metolachlor fb POSTe1
- Interactor
- common bermudagrasse1weed
- Outcome
- common bermudagrass and yellow nutsedgee1
- Direction
- controllede1
- Value
- 74 to 99%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e1“In 2006, pendimethalin plus S-metolachlor fb POST controlled common bermudagrass and yellow nutsedge 74 to 99%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide effects on peanut yield varied with environment.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- Herbicide treatmente0
- Outcome
- peanut yielde0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Herbicide treatment effect on peanut yield varied with environment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Strip tillage gave equivalent or at least 25% higher peanut yield in three of four site years.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- strip-tillagee0
- Outcome
- Peanut yielde0
- Direction
- equivalent or greatere0
- Value
- 25% or moree0
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut yield was equivalent or greater by 25% or more in 3 of 4 site years utilizing strip-tillage indicating a yield advantage compared to conventional tillage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut market grade was unaffected by herbicide or tillage treatments.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- herbicide treatments or tillage methodse0
- Outcome
- Peanut market gradee0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut market grade was not affected by any herbicide treatments or tillage methods evaluated.”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors conclude reduced tillage with high residue and PRE plus POST herbicides can maintain weed control, grade and yield.
- Treatment
- high-residue conservation agriculture system integrated with a PRE plus POST herbicide systeme0
- Outcome
- maintain weed control, equivalent grade and yielde0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“producers can maintain weed control, equivalent grade and yield in reduced-tillage systems when utilizing a high-residue conservation agriculture system integrated with a PRE plus POST herbicide system”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.