Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the rainy and winter seasons of 2001-04 to study the influence of integrated nutrient-supply system, comprising inorganic fertilizers and organic manures on the soil-fertility status, productivity and economics of rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) cropping system. Three organic manures @ 10 tonneslha, viz. farmyard manure (FYM), Sesbania canabina (Retz.) Pers. (dhaincha) and cut rice straw were added at 50 and 100% of the recommended doses of NPK fertilizers. The green-manure dhaincha [Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. syn, S. aculeata] applied with 100% of recommended dose of NPK fertilizers gave the maximum yield of rice as well as wheat crop. This treatment also gave the highest net return and benefit : cost ratio and produced significantly higher biomass in terms of rice- equivalent yield. The total uptake of N, P, K and Zn by both the crops increased significantly with the application of fertilizers or their combined use with organic manures. Among the organic manures the overall performance of green-manure was the best, followed by farmyard manure and cut rice straw. Application of farmyard manure and cut rice straw as well as green-manuring in rice and wheat significantly improved the available N, P, K and Zn status of the soil.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Green-manure dhaincha with the full recommended NPK dose gave maximum rice yield.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- green-manure dhaincha [Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. syn, S. aculeata] applied with 100% of recommended dose of NPK fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- yield of ricee0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The green-manure dhaincha [Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. syn, S. aculeata] applied with 100% of recommended dose of NPK fertilizers gave the maximum yield of rice as well as wheat crop.”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
The same dhaincha and NPK treatment gave maximum wheat yield.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- green-manure dhaincha [Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. syn, S. aculeata] applied with 100% of recommended dose of NPK fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- yield of rice as well as wheat crope0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The green-manure dhaincha [Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. syn, S. aculeata] applied with 100% of recommended dose of NPK fertilizers gave the maximum yield of rice as well as wheat crop.”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
That treatment gave the highest net return and benefit:cost ratio.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- net return and benefit : cost ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This treatment also gave the highest net return and benefit : cost ratio”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
That treatment produced significantly higher rice-equivalent biomass yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- biomass in terms of rice- equivalent yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“produced significantly higher biomass in terms of rice- equivalent yield”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizers alone or with manures significantly increased total N, P, K and Zn uptake in both crops.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- application of fertilizers or their combined use with organic manurese0
- Outcome
- total uptake of N, P, K and Zne0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The total uptake of N, P, K and Zn by both the crops increased significantly with the application of fertilizers or their combined use with organic manures.”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Green manure performed best among organic manures, followed by farmyard manure and cut rice straw.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- overall performancee0
- Direction
- beste0
- Comparator
- farmyard manure and cut rice strawe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the organic manures the overall performance of green-manure was the best, followed by farmyard manure and cut rice straw.”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
The three organic manure practices significantly improved available soil N, P, K and Zn.
- Taxon
- rice and wheatOryza sativaTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Application of farmyard manure and cut rice straw as well as green-manuringe0
- Outcome
- available N, P, K and Zn status of the soile0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of farmyard manure and cut rice straw as well as green-manuring in rice and wheat significantly improved the available N, P, K and Zn status of the soil.”
The same questions in other papers
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3,114 papers in the same direction as this paper · 284 in the opposite direction · 39 reporting no difference from an alternative
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See all 3,438 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.