Abstract
A field experiment was carried out during 1999–2001 at Nauni, Solan (H.P.) in a sandy loam Inceptisol to study the comparative effects of drip and surface irrigation, with and without mulch on irrigation requirement, yield, quality and water-use efficiency of ‘Chandlar’ strawberry (Fragaria ananassa). Drip irrigation at 1.0 ‘V’ volume of water (100% crop ET) gave significantly higher fruit yield (57.07 q ha−1) compared with the surface irrigation (47.17 q ha−1). Black polyethylene mulch plus drip irrigation further raised the yield to 78.63 q ha−1. Grass mulch (irrespective of irrigation methods) increased the fruit size, sugar content, TSS/acidity ratio and anthocyanin content as compared to BP mulch. However, TSS and acidity were maximum in rainfed un-mulched treatment. Average seasonal irrigation requirement of strawberry with drip irrigation but without mulch was 475 mm which decreased to 440 and 403 mm with grass and BP mulch. The corresponding values under surface irrigation were 696, 660 and 608 mm. Water-use efficiency under drip irrigation without mulch, drip plus grass mulch and drip plus BP mulch was 7.5, 8.8 and 11.4 kg ha−1 mm−1, respectively, whereas, respective values under surface irrigation were 4.7, 5.7 and 7.1 kg ha−1 mm−1. Drip irrigation, besides saving 51% irrigation water, resulted in about 19% higher fruit yield compared with the surface irrigation.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Drip irrigation increased yield relative to surface irrigation.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Treatment
- Drip irrigation at 1.0 ‘V’ volume of water (100% crop ET)e0
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 57.07 q ha−1e0
- Qualifier
- 47.17 q ha−1e0
- Comparator
- surface irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Drip irrigation at 1.0 ‘V’ volume of water (100% crop ET) gave significantly higher fruit yield (57.07 q ha−1) compared with the surface irrigation (47.17 q ha−1).”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Black polyethylene mulch plus drip raised yield to 78.63 q ha−1.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Black polyethylene mulch plus drip irrigatione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- raisede0
- Value
- 78.63 q ha−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Black polyethylene mulch plus drip irrigation further raised the yield to 78.63 q ha−1.”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Grass mulch increased fruit size and sugar content over BP mulch.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Grass mulche0
- Outcome
- fruit size, sugar content, TSS/acidity ratioe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- BP mulche0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grass mulch (irrespective of irrigation methods) increased the fruit size, sugar content, TSS/acidity ratio and anthocyanin content as compared to BP mulch.”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Grass mulch increased anthocyanin content over BP mulch.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Grass mulche0
- Outcome
- anthocyanin contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- BP mulche0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grass mulch (irrespective of irrigation methods) increased the fruit size, sugar content, TSS/acidity ratio and anthocyanin content as compared to BP mulch.”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Rainfed unmulched plants had maximum TSS and acidity.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- rainfed un-mulched treatmente0
- Outcome
- TSS and aciditye0
- Direction
- maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TSS and acidity were maximum in rainfed un-mulched treatment.”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip without mulch required 475 mm seasonal irrigation.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- drip irrigation but without mulche0
- Outcome
- Average seasonal irrigation requiremente0
- Value
- 475 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Average seasonal irrigation requirement of strawberry with drip irrigation but without mulch was 475 mm”
Claim · model-written summary
Grass mulch reduced drip irrigation requirement to 440 mm.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- grasse0
- Outcome
- irrigation requiremente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 440e0
- Comparator
- drip irrigation but without mulche0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Average seasonal irrigation requirement of strawberry with drip irrigation but without mulch was 475 mm which decreased to 440 and 403 mm with grass and BP mulch.”
Claim · model-written summary
BP mulch reduced drip irrigation requirement to 403 mm.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- BP mulche0
- Outcome
- irrigation requiremente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 403 mme0
- Comparator
- drip irrigation but without mulche0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Average seasonal irrigation requirement of strawberry with drip irrigation but without mulch was 475 mm which decreased to 440 and 403 mm with grass and BP mulch.”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface irrigation requirements were 696, 660 and 608 mm for no, grass and BP mulch.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- surface irrigatione0
- Outcome
- corresponding valuese0
- Value
- 696, 660 and 608 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The corresponding values under surface irrigation were 696, 660 and 608 mm.”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip without mulch achieved water-use efficiency of 7.5 kg ha−1 mm−1.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- drip irrigation without mulche0
- Outcome
- Water-use efficiencye0
- Value
- 7.5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water-use efficiency under drip irrigation without mulch, drip plus grass mulch and drip plus BP mulch was 7.5, 8.8 and 11.4 kg ha−1 mm−1, respectively”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip plus grass mulch achieved water-use efficiency of 8.8 kg ha−1 mm−1.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- drip plus grass mulche0
- Outcome
- Water-use efficiencye0
- Value
- 8.8e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water-use efficiency under drip irrigation without mulch, drip plus grass mulch and drip plus BP mulch was 7.5, 8.8 and 11.4 kg ha−1 mm−1, respectively”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip plus BP mulch achieved water-use efficiency of 11.4 kg ha−1 mm−1.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- drip plus BP mulche0
- Outcome
- Water-use efficiencye0
- Value
- 11.4 kg ha−1 mm−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water-use efficiency under drip irrigation without mulch, drip plus grass mulch and drip plus BP mulch was 7.5, 8.8 and 11.4 kg ha−1 mm−1, respectively”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface irrigation water-use efficiency was 4.7, 5.7 and 7.1 kg ha−1 mm−1 for corresponding treatments.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- surface irrigatione0
- Outcome
- respective valuese0
- Value
- 4.7, 5.7 and 7.1 kg ha−1 mm−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whereas, respective values under surface irrigation were 4.7, 5.7 and 7.1 kg ha−1 mm−1.”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip irrigation saved 51% irrigation water.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Drip irrigatione0
- Outcome
- irrigation watere0
- Direction
- savinge0
- Value
- 51%e0
- Comparator
- surface irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drip irrigation, besides saving 51% irrigation water, resulted in about 19% higher fruit yield compared with the surface irrigation.”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip irrigation produced about 19% higher fruit yield than surface irrigation.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Drip irrigatione0
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- about 19%e0
- Comparator
- surface irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drip irrigation, besides saving 51% irrigation water, resulted in about 19% higher fruit yield compared with the surface irrigation.”
t0“strawberry”
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