Abstract
In pot trials, the effect of soil treatments with silicon-rich materials on the incidence of Erysiphe graminis and Septoria nodorum on wheat was studied - Soil treatments with sodium trisilicate and blast furnace lime significantly reduced powdery mildew incidence of wheat and increased yields. - The incidence of powdery mildew on leaves and glumes decreased as the Si O2-contents in the dry matter increased. - Si O2-contents of about 1 per cent of the dry matter at the time of inoculation proved to be sufficient to protect plants against powdery mildew attack. - The effect of high Si O2-contents against powdery mildew is based on the inhibition of penetration. The development of powdery mildew was retarded on plants with high silicon contents. Growth of hyphae was decelerated and conidia formation started delayed. - Control of Septoria nodorum was attained only following soil treatment with sodium trisilicate and under environmental conditions that were unfavourable for the develoment of the disease. - By using (NH4)2SO4 instead of Ca(NO3)2, the availability of the silicic acid of the blast furnace lime was improved and the Si-uptake and, consequently, the efficacy against powdery mildew was increased. The effect of ammonium sulphate is based on its acidic properties. By lowering the pH-values of the soil due to nitrification and SO4 of ammonium sulphate, silicic acid is released from the lime fertilizer and becomes available for root uptake by the plants
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium trisilicate reduced wheat powdery mildew incidence.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- sodium trisilicatee0
- Interactor
- powdery mildewe0pathogen
- Outcome
- powdery mildew incidencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil treatments with sodium trisilicate and blast furnace lime significantly reduced powdery mildew incidence of wheat and increased yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Blast furnace lime reduced wheat powdery mildew incidence.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- blast furnace limee0
- Interactor
- powdery mildewe0pathogen
- Outcome
- powdery mildew incidencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil treatments with sodium trisilicate and blast furnace lime significantly reduced powdery mildew incidence of wheat and increased yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium trisilicate increased wheat yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- sodium trisilicatee0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil treatments with sodium trisilicate and blast furnace lime significantly reduced powdery mildew incidence of wheat and increased yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Blast furnace lime increased wheat yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- blast furnace limee0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil treatments with sodium trisilicate and blast furnace lime significantly reduced powdery mildew incidence of wheat and increased yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Mildew incidence decreased as dry matter Si O2 content rose.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- powdery mildewe0pathogen
- Compound
- Si O2e0
- Outcome
- incidence of powdery mildew on leaves and glumese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The incidence of powdery mildew on leaves and glumes decreased as the Si O2-contents in the dry matter increased”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Approximately one percent Si O2 protected plants from mildew.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Interactor
- powdery mildewe0pathogen
- Outcome
- protect plants against powdery mildew attacke0
- Value
- about 1 per cente0
Verbatim
e0“Si O2-contents of about 1 per cent of the dry matter at the time of inoculation proved to be sufficient to protect plants against powdery mildew attack”
Claim · model-written summary
High Si O2 inhibited powdery mildew penetration.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- powdery mildewe0pathogen
- Compound
- Si O2e0
- Outcome
- inhibition of penetratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of high Si O2-contents against powdery mildew is based on the inhibition of penetration”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
High silicon content retarded powdery mildew development.
Verbatim
e0“The development of powdery mildew was retarded on plants with high silicon contents”
Claim · model-written summary
Powdery mildew hyphal growth decelerated.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- hyphaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- Growth of hyphaee0
- Direction
- deceleratede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth of hyphae was decelerated and conidia formation started delayed”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Powdery mildew conidia formation was delayed.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- conidiae0pathogen
- Outcome
- conidia formatione0
- Direction
- delayede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth of hyphae was decelerated and conidia formation started delayed”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium trisilicate controlled Septoria nodorum only under unfavorable disease conditions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- soil treatment with sodium trisilicatee0
- Interactor
- Septoria nodorum
Parastagonospora nodorume0pathogen - Outcome
- Control of Septoria nodorume0
- Qualifier
- environmental conditions that were unfavourable for the develoment of the diseasee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Control of Septoria nodorum was attained only following soil treatment with sodium trisilicate and under environmental conditions that were unfavourable for the develoment of the disease”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium sulfate improved silicic acid availability relative to calcium nitrate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- (NH4)2SO4e0
- Outcome
- availability of the silicic acide0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- Ca(NO3)2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By using (NH4)2SO4 instead of Ca(NO3)2, the availability of the silicic acid of the blast furnace lime was improved”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium sulfate increased Si uptake relative to calcium nitrate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- (NH4)2SO4e0
- Outcome
- Si-uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- Ca(NO3)2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By using (NH4)2SO4 instead of Ca(NO3)2, the availability of the silicic acid of the blast furnace lime was improved and the Si-uptake and, consequently, the efficacy against powdery mildew was increased”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium sulfate increased mildew control efficacy relative to calcium nitrate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- (NH4)2SO4e0
- Interactor
- powdery mildewe0pathogen
- Outcome
- efficacy against powdery mildewe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- Ca(NO3)2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By using (NH4)2SO4 instead of Ca(NO3)2, the availability of the silicic acid of the blast furnace lime was improved and the Si-uptake and, consequently, the efficacy against powdery mildew was increased”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Acidification by ammonium sulfate released silicic acid for root uptake.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Treatment
- ammonium sulphatee0
- Outcome
- root uptakee0
- Qualifier
- lowering the pH-values of the soile0
Verbatim
e0“By lowering the pH-values of the soil due to nitrification and SO4 of ammonium sulphate, silicic acid is released from the lime fertilizer and becomes available for root uptake by the plants”
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