Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabi) seasons of 201011 and 201112 at Bichpuri, Agra , Uttar Pradesh on sandy-loam soil, to assess the effect of potassium and zinc nutrition on wheat [Triticum aestivum (L.) emend. Fiori & Paol]. Treatments comprising 4 levels each of K (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg K O/ha) and Zn (0, 3, 6 2 and 9 kg/ha) were evaluated in randomized complete-block design with 3 replications. Growth and yield param- eters of wheat increased significantly with the increasing levels of K up to 60 kg K O/ha which were statistically at 2 par with 90 kg K O/ha. The mean grain (5.31 t/ha) and straw yields (9.80 t/ha) with 60 kg K O/ha were 15.4 and 2 2 13.7% higher than the control, respectively. Application of 60 kg K O/ha resulted in significantly highest net returns 2 ( 48.1 103/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (1.90). Increasing zinc levels up to 6 kg Zn/ha showed significant improve- ment in plant height, effective tillers, grains/spike and 1,000-grain weight over the control. Similarly, application of 6 kg Zn /ha resulted in 8.8% higher grain yield (5.22 t/ha) than the yield obtained in the control (4.80 t/ha). Signifi- cantly highest net returns ( 47.8 103/ha) and benefit: cost ratios (1.95) were recorded at 6 kg Zn/ha. Uptake of N, P, K, S and Zn in wheat crop increased significantly with increasing levels of potassium. Protein content and yield in wheat grain increased significantly with the addition of K O up to 90 kg/ha and Zn up to 9 kg/ha. The nutri- 2 ent uptake (N, K and Zn) in wheat, except those of P and S, increased significantly up to 6 kg Zn/ha. The effi- ciency indices decreased at higher doses of K and Zn and the maximum values were recorded at 60 kg K O/ha 2 and 6 kg Zn/ha.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium increased wheat growth and yield parameters significantly through 60 kg K O/ha, statistically on par with 90 kg K O/ha.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- 60 kg K O/hae0
- Outcome
- Growth and yield param- eterse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- 90 kg K O/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and yield param- eters of wheat increased significantly with the increasing levels of K up to 60 kg K O/ha which were statistically at 2 par with 90 kg K O/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
At 60 kg K O/ha, wheat grain yield was 5.31 t/ha, 15.4% above control.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 60 kg K O/hae0
- Outcome
- graine0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 5.31 t/hae0
- Qualifier
- 15.4e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mean grain (5.31 t/ha) and straw yields (9.80 t/ha) with 60 kg K O/ha were 15.4 and 2 2 13.7% higher than the control, respectively”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 60 kg K O/ha, wheat straw yield was 9.80 t/ha, reported 13.7% above control.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 60 kg K O/hae0
- Outcome
- straw yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 9.80 t/hae0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mean grain (5.31 t/ha) and straw yields (9.80 t/ha) with 60 kg K O/ha were 15.4 and 2 2 13.7% higher than the control, respectively”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium at 60 kg K O/ha gave the highest net returns.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 60 kg K O/hae0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 48.1 103/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 60 kg K O/ha resulted in significantly highest net returns 2 ( 48.1 103/ha)”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium at 60 kg K O/ha gave a benefit: cost ratio of 1.90.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- benefit: cost ratioe0
- Value
- 1.90e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“benefit: cost ratio (1.90)”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc through 6 kg Zn/ha significantly improved wheat height, effective tillers and grains per spike over control.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 6 kg Zn/hae0
- Outcome
- plant height, effective tillers, grains/spikee0
- Direction
- improve- mente0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing zinc levels up to 6 kg Zn/ha showed significant improve- ment in plant height, effective tillers, grains/spike and 1,000-grain weight over the control”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc through 6 kg Zn/ha significantly improved wheat 1,000-grain weight over control.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 6 kg Zn/hae0
- Outcome
- 1,000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- improve- mente0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing zinc levels up to 6 kg Zn/ha showed significant improve- ment in plant height, effective tillers, grains/spike and 1,000-grain weight over the control”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 6 kg Zn/ha, wheat grain yield was 5.22 t/ha, 8.8% higher than control.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 6 kg Zn /hae0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 5.22 t/hae0
- Qualifier
- 4.80 t/hae0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of 6 kg Zn /ha resulted in 8.8% higher grain yield (5.22 t/ha) than the yield obtained in the control (4.80 t/ha)”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 6 kg Zn/ha, wheat net returns were reported as highest.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 6 kg Zn/hae0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 47.8 103/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Signifi- cantly highest net returns ( 47.8 103/ha) and benefit: cost ratios (1.95) were recorded at 6 kg Zn/ha”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 6 kg Zn/ha, wheat benefit: cost ratio was 1.95.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 6 kg Zn/hae0
- Outcome
- benefit: cost ratiose0
- Value
- 1.95e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“benefit: cost ratios (1.95) were recorded at 6 kg Zn/ha”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing potassium significantly increased wheat uptake of N, P and K.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- increasing levels of potassiume0
- Outcome
- Uptake of N, P, Ke0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Uptake of N, P, K, S and Zn in wheat crop increased significantly with increasing levels of potassium”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing potassium significantly increased wheat uptake of S and Zn.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- increasing levels of potassiume0
- Outcome
- S and Zne0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Uptake of N, P, K, S and Zn in wheat crop increased significantly with increasing levels of potassium”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium additions through 90 kg/ha significantly increased wheat grain protein content and yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- K O up to 90 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- Protein content and yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Protein content and yield in wheat grain increased significantly with the addition of K O up to 90 kg/ha and Zn up to 9 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc additions through 9 kg/ha significantly increased wheat grain protein content and yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Zn up to 9 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- Protein content and yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Protein content and yield in wheat grain increased significantly with the addition of K O up to 90 kg/ha and Zn up to 9 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat uptake of N, K and Zn significantly increased through 6 kg Zn/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 6 kg Zn/hae0
- Outcome
- ent uptake (N, K and Zn)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The nutri- 2 ent uptake (N, K and Zn) in wheat, except those of P and S, increased significantly up to 6 kg Zn/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat P and S uptake were exceptions to the significant increase with zinc through 6 kg Zn/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 6 kg Zn/hae0
- Outcome
- P and Se0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“except those of P and S, increased significantly up to 6 kg Zn/ha”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Efficiency indices declined at higher potassium and zinc doses, peaking at 60 kg K O/ha and 6 kg Zn/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- higher doses of K and Zne0
- Outcome
- effi- ciency indicese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- 60 kg K O/ha 2 and 6 kg Zn/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effi- ciency indices decreased at higher doses of K and Zn and the maximum values were recorded at 60 kg K O/ha 2 and 6 kg Zn/ha”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
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