Abstract
The regulation of iron (Fe) homeostasis is critical for plant survival. Although the systems responsible for the reduction, uptake, and translocation of Fe have been described, the molecular mechanism by which plants sense Fe status and coordinate the expression of Fe deficiency-responsive genes is largely unknown. Here, we report that two basic helix-loop-helix-type transcription factors, bHLH34 and bHLH104, positively regulate Fe homeostasis in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Loss of function of bHLH34 and bHLH104 causes disruption of the Fe deficiency response and the reduction of Fe content, whereas overexpression plants constitutively promote the expression of Fe deficiency-responsive genes and Fe accumulation. Further analysis indicates that bHLH34 and bHLH104 directly activate the transcription of the Ib subgroup bHLH genes, bHLH38/39/100/101 Moreover, overexpression of bHLH101 partially rescues the Fe deficiency phenotypes of bhlh34bhlh104 double mutants. Further investigation suggests that bHLH34, bHLH104, and bHLH105 (IAA-LEUCINE RESISTANT3) function as homodimers or heterodimers to nonredundantly regulate Fe homeostasis. This work reveals that plants have evolved complex molecular mechanisms to regulate Fe deficiency response genes to adapt to Fe deficiency conditions.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
bHLH34 and bHLH104 positively regulate iron homeostasis in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae0 - Gene
- bHLH34 and bHLH104e0
- Outcome
- Fe homeostasise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bHLH34 and bHLH104, positively regulate Fe homeostasis in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
Loss of bHLH34 and bHLH104 disrupted the iron-deficiency response.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- Loss of functione0
- Gene
- bHLH34 and bHLH104e0
- Outcome
- Fe deficiency responsee0
- Direction
- disruptione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Loss of function of bHLH34 and bHLH104 causes disruption of the Fe deficiency response and the reduction of Fe content”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Loss of bHLH34 and bHLH104 reduced iron content.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- Loss of functione0
- Gene
- bHLH34 and bHLH104e0
- Outcome
- Fe contente0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Loss of function of bHLH34 and bHLH104 causes disruption of the Fe deficiency response and the reduction of Fe content”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression promoted expression of iron-deficiency-responsive genes.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- overexpressione0
- Gene
- bHLH34 and bHLH104e2
- Outcome
- expression of Fe deficiency-responsive genese0
- Direction
- promotee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“overexpression plants constitutively promote the expression of Fe deficiency-responsive genes and Fe accumulation”
e2“bHLH34 and bHLH104, positively regulate Fe homeostasis in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression promoted iron accumulation.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- overexpressione0
- Gene
- bHLH34 and bHLH104e2
- Outcome
- Fe accumulatione0
- Direction
- promotee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“overexpression plants constitutively promote the expression of Fe deficiency-responsive genes and Fe accumulation”
e2“bHLH34 and bHLH104, positively regulate Fe homeostasis in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
bHLH34 and bHLH104 directly activated transcription of Ib subgroup bHLH genes.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Gene
- bHLH34 and bHLH104e0
- Outcome
- transcription of the Ib subgroup bHLH genes, bHLH38/39/100/101e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bHLH34 and bHLH104 directly activate the transcription of the Ib subgroup bHLH genes, bHLH38/39/100/101”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
bHLH101 overexpression partially rescued double-mutant iron-deficiency phenotypes.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- overexpression of bHLH101e0
- Gene
- bHLH101e0
- Outcome
- Fe deficiency phenotypese0
- Direction
- partially rescuese0
- Comparator
- bhlh34bhlh104 double mutantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“overexpression of bHLH101 partially rescues the Fe deficiency phenotypes of bhlh34bhlh104 double mutants”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
bHLH34, bHLH104 and bHLH105 function as homo- or heterodimers in nonredundant iron-homeostasis regulation.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Gene
- bHLH34, bHLH104, and bHLH105e0
- Outcome
- Fe homeostasise0
- Qualifier
- homodimers or heterodimerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bHLH34, bHLH104, and bHLH105 (IAA-LEUCINE RESISTANT3) function as homodimers or heterodimers to nonredundantly regulate Fe homeostasis”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana”
The same questions in other papers
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18 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- positive
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See all 26 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.