Abstract
A field experiment to evaluate response of wheat (Triticum aestivum) to weed management practices and nitrogen levels was conducted during winter seasons of 2007–08 and 2008–09 at Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat. Sowing conditions did not affect growth and yield attributes, yields and dry weight of weeds in wheat. Significant variation in growth parameters, yield attributes, and grain and straw yields of wheat was recorded with nitrogen levels. Higher numbers of effective tillers per meter row length and spike length were recorded with the application of 150 kg N ha−1, which reflected in improvement in grain (42.03 q ha−1) and straw yields (63.66 q ha−1) of the crop. Weed free treatment and weedy check were recorded higher and lower grain and straw yields, respectively. All the herbicides recorded significantly lower dry weight of weeds at harvest over weedy check. Among the herbicides, metsulfuron-methyl (0.004 kg ha−1) + 2, 4-D (0.4 kg ha−1) and isoproturon (0.5 kg ha−1) + 2, 4-D (0.4 kg ha−1) were more effective in reducing dry weight of weeds. Maximum weed control efficiency (83.36%) was registered with isoproturon + 2, 4-D, followed by metsulfuron-methyl + 2, 4-D (82.96%). The treatments comprising 150 kg N ha−1 and application of isoproturon + 2, 4-D had higher net return ( 37558 and 41569 ha−1) and benefit: cost ratio (3.07and3.41), respectively, which is attribute to higher yields with these treatments, thus enhancing the net returns.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Sowing conditions did not affect wheat growth, yield traits, yields or weed dry weight.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Sowing conditionse0
- Outcome
- growth and yield attributes, yields and dry weight of weedse0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sowing conditions did not affect growth and yield attributes, yields and dry weight of weeds in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen levels significantly varied wheat growth parameters, yield attributes and grain and straw yields.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- nitrogen levelse0
- Outcome
- growth parameters, yield attributes, and grain and straw yieldse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant variation in growth parameters, yield attributes, and grain and straw yields of wheat was recorded with nitrogen levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 150 kg N ha−1 gave higher effective tiller numbers and spike length.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 150 kg N ha−1e0
- Outcome
- effective tillers per meter row length and spike lengthe0
- Direction
- Highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher numbers of effective tillers per meter row length and spike length were recorded with the application of 150 kg N ha−1”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 150 kg N ha−1 improved grain yield to 42.03 q ha−1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 150 kg N ha−1e0
- Outcome
- graine0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Value
- 42.03 q ha−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of 150 kg N ha−1, which reflected in improvement in grain (42.03 q ha−1) and straw yields (63.66 q ha−1)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 150 kg N ha−1 improved straw yield to 63.66 q ha−1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 150 kg N ha−1e0
- Outcome
- straw yieldse0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Value
- 63.66 q ha−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of 150 kg N ha−1, which reflected in improvement in grain (42.03 q ha−1) and straw yields (63.66 q ha−1)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free wheat had higher grain and straw yields than the weedy check.
- Treatment
- Weed free treatmente0
- Outcome
- grain and straw yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- weedy checke0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Weed free treatment and weedy check were recorded higher and lower grain and straw yields, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
All herbicides significantly lowered weed dry weight at harvest relative to the weedy check.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- All the herbicidese0
- Outcome
- dry weight of weeds at harveste0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- weedy checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the herbicides recorded significantly lower dry weight of weeds at harvest over weedy check”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Metsulfuron-methyl plus 2, 4-D reduced weed dry weight effectively.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- metsulfuron-methyl (0.004 kg ha−1) + 2, 4-D (0.4 kg ha−1)e0
- Outcome
- dry weight of weedse0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“metsulfuron-methyl (0.004 kg ha−1) + 2, 4-D (0.4 kg ha−1) and isoproturon (0.5 kg ha−1) + 2, 4-D (0.4 kg ha−1) were more effective in reducing dry weight of weeds”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Isoproturon plus 2, 4-D reduced weed dry weight effectively.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- isoproturon (0.5 kg ha−1) + 2, 4-D (0.4 kg ha−1)e0
- Outcome
- dry weight of weedse0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isoproturon (0.5 kg ha−1) + 2, 4-D (0.4 kg ha−1) were more effective in reducing dry weight of weeds”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Isoproturon plus 2, 4-D achieved maximum weed control efficiency of 83.36%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- isoproturon + 2, 4-De0
- Outcome
- weed control efficiencye0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 83.36%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum weed control efficiency (83.36%) was registered with isoproturon + 2, 4-D”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Metsulfuron-methyl plus 2, 4-D achieved 82.96% weed control efficiency.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- metsulfuron-methyl + 2, 4-De0
- Outcome
- weed control efficiencye1
- Value
- 82.96%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by metsulfuron-methyl + 2, 4-D (82.96%)”
e1“weed control efficiency”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The 150 kg N ha−1 treatment had higher net return of 37558 ha−1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 150 kg N ha−1e0
- Outcome
- net returne0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 37558e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatments comprising 150 kg N ha−1 and application of isoproturon + 2, 4-D had higher net return ( 37558 and 41569 ha−1)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Isoproturon plus 2, 4-D had higher net return of 41569 ha−1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- isoproturon + 2, 4-De0
- Outcome
- net returne0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 41569 ha−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of isoproturon + 2, 4-D had higher net return ( 37558 and 41569 ha−1)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The 150 kg N ha−1 treatment had a benefit to cost ratio of 3.07.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 150 kg N ha−1e0
- Outcome
- benefit: cost ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 3.07e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“150 kg N ha−1 and application of isoproturon + 2, 4-D had higher net return ( 37558 and 41569 ha−1) and benefit: cost ratio (3.07and3.41)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Isoproturon plus 2, 4-D had a benefit to cost ratio of 3.41.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- isoproturon + 2, 4-De0
- Outcome
- benefit: cost ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 3.41e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of isoproturon + 2, 4-D had higher net return ( 37558 and 41569 ha−1) and benefit: cost ratio (3.07and3.41)”
t0“wheat”
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- negative
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1,736 papers in the same direction as this paper · 285 in the opposite direction · 39 reporting no difference from an alternative
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See all 2,061 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.