Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) as a heavy metal induces some disorders in normal metabolism in plants. Furthermore, Silicon (Si) is able to ameliorate the deleterious effects of some toxic elements like Cd. Keeping this in view, an experiment was conducted to find out the effects of Cd and Si on growth and some physiological aspects of Beta vulgaris L. cv. Dark Red. The experiment was arranged as a factorial scheme based on randomized complete block design with four replications. Three levels of Cd (0 , 2.5 and 5 mg L-1) from CdSO4 and three levels of Si (0 , 28 and 56 mg L-1) from Na2SiO3 were added to nutrient solution. Perlite was used as growing media and the seeds of red beet were planted in the pots (14 L). The results showed that Cd addition significantly increased Cd concentration in leaves and roots. Application of Cd significantly decreased photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content, leaf number, leaf area and total soluble solids (TSS) in the roots. Additionally, increased Cd concentration in the growing media led to increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration in leaves. At 5 mg L-1 Cd, concentrations of H2O2 and MDA in leaves were 2.4 mM/g Fwt and 84.5 nM/g Fwt, respectively. The rate of photosynthesis in 5 mg L-1Cd, control and 56 mg L-1 Si treatments were 7.9, 18.25 and 25.76μ mol CO2 m-2s-1, respectively. Application of Si in nutrient solution significantly increased leaf number, leaf area, photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, total soluble solids (TSS) in roots and dry weight in plants. Increased Si in nutrient solution had no effect on the Cd concentration in leaves and roots of red beet. Nevertheles, malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 concentrations in leaves of red beet were reduced with Si addition to the nutrient solution. In general, it is recommendable to take into consideration the benefits of Si addition to red beet growth media, but more investigations are needed
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium increased cadmium concentration in red beet leaves and roots.
- Taxon
- Beta vulgaris L.
Beta vulgarise1 - Material
- Dark Rede1
- Treatment
- Cd additione0
- Outcome
- Cd concentration in leaves and rootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that Cd addition significantly increased Cd concentration in leaves and roots.”
e1“Beta vulgaris L. cv. Dark Red”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium reduced photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content and leaf number.
- Taxon
- Beta vulgaris L.Beta vulgarise1
- Treatment
- Application of Cde0
- Outcome
- photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content, leaf numbere0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of Cd significantly decreased photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content, leaf number, leaf area and total soluble solids (TSS) in the roots.”
e1“Beta vulgaris L. cv. Dark Red”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium reduced leaf area and root total soluble solids.
- Taxon
- Beta vulgaris L.Beta vulgarise1
- Treatment
- Application of Cde0
- Outcome
- leaf area and total soluble solids (TSS) in the rootse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of Cd significantly decreased photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content, leaf number, leaf area and total soluble solids (TSS) in the roots.”
e1“Beta vulgaris L. cv. Dark Red”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher cadmium raised leaf malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide concentrations.
- Taxon
- Beta vulgaris L.Beta vulgarise1
- Treatment
- increased Cd concentration in the growing mediae0
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration in leavese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased Cd concentration in the growing media led to increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration in leaves.”
e1“Beta vulgaris L. cv. Dark Red”
Claim · model-written summary
At 5 mg L-1 cadmium, leaf hydrogen peroxide was 2.4 mM/g Fwt.
- Taxon
- Beta vulgaris L.Beta vulgarise1
- Treatment
- 5 mg L-1 Cde0
- Outcome
- concentrations of H2O2e0
- Value
- 2.4 mM/g Fwte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 5 mg L-1 Cd, concentrations of H2O2 and MDA in leaves were 2.4 mM/g Fwt and 84.5 nM/g Fwt, respectively.”
e1“Beta vulgaris L. cv. Dark Red”
Claim · model-written summary
At 5 mg L-1 cadmium, leaf malondialdehyde was 84.5 nM/g Fwt.
- Taxon
- Beta vulgaris L.Beta vulgarise1
- Treatment
- 5 mg L-1 Cde0
- Outcome
- MDA in leavese0
- Value
- 84.5 nM/g Fwte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 5 mg L-1 Cd, concentrations of H2O2 and MDA in leaves were 2.4 mM/g Fwt and 84.5 nM/g Fwt, respectively.”
e1“Beta vulgaris L. cv. Dark Red”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon increased leaf number, leaf area and photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- Beta vulgaris L.Beta vulgarise1
- Treatment
- Application of Si in nutrient solutione0
- Outcome
- leaf number, leaf area, photosynthesise0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of Si in nutrient solution significantly increased leaf number, leaf area, photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, total soluble solids (TSS) in roots and dry weight in plants.”
e1“Beta vulgaris L. cv. Dark Red”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon increased chlorophyll content, root soluble solids and plant dry weight.
- Taxon
- Beta vulgaris L.Beta vulgarise1
- Treatment
- Application of Si in nutrient solutione0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content, total soluble solids (TSS) in roots and dry weight in plantse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of Si in nutrient solution significantly increased leaf number, leaf area, photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, total soluble solids (TSS) in roots and dry weight in plants.”
e1“Beta vulgaris L. cv. Dark Red”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon had no effect on red beet leaf and root cadmium concentration.
- Taxon
- red beete0
- Treatment
- Increased Si in nutrient solutione0
- Outcome
- Cd concentration in leaves and rootse0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Increased Si in nutrient solution had no effect on the Cd concentration in leaves and roots of red beet.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon reduced leaf malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide concentrations.
- Taxon
- red beete0
- Treatment
- Si addition to the nutrient solutione0
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 concentrations in leavese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 concentrations in leaves of red beet were reduced with Si addition to the nutrient solution.”
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See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.