Abstract
The vegetative growth and fruiting of two cowpea cultivars, Adzuki and Early Ramshorn, were studied in controlled environment experiments, using two light intensities and three P levels in sand and in soil media. The higher light intensity reduced plant height, but improved plant growth in terms of increased branching, leaf area, plant size and seed yield. High light intensity delayed flowering, but increased blossom and pod numbers. Increasing levels of applied P enhanced growth, blossom and fruit numbers, as well as leaf numbers and area and earliness of flowering. Generally, Early Ramshorn plants grew faster and produced heavier seeds than Adzuki plants, especially at high P. However, Adzuki plants produced greater numbers of flowers, pods and seeds than did Early Ramshorn plants. Under high light intensity, Adzuki produced the greatest number of seeds at the intermediate P level in sand culture, and this number was greater than that produced by Early Ramshorn at the highest P level. In Adzuki, P nutrition did not markedly modify the adverse effect of low light intensity on pod set and mature pod number, an indication of a lower external P requirement and/or higher efficiency of P utilization than in Early Ramshorn. Phosphorous generally increased growth rate and yield and could thus be used to offset some of the adverse effects of low light intensity especially on Early Ramshorn as well as to hasten growth and maturation. The results obtained with soil culture were similar to those with sand culture.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Higher light reduced cowpea height.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatat0 - Treatment
- higher light intensitye0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The higher light intensity reduced plant height, but improved plant growth in terms of increased branching, leaf area, plant size and seed yield.”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher light increased branching, leaf area, plant size, and seed yield.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- higher light intensitye0
- Outcome
- branching, leaf area, plant size and seed yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The higher light intensity reduced plant height, but improved plant growth in terms of increased branching, leaf area, plant size and seed yield.”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
High light delayed flowering.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- High light intensitye0
- Outcome
- floweringe0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High light intensity delayed flowering, but increased blossom and pod numbers.”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
High light increased blossom and pod numbers.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- High light intensitye0
- Outcome
- blossom and pod numberse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High light intensity delayed flowering, but increased blossom and pod numbers.”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing phosphorus enhanced growth, blossom and fruit numbers, leaf number and area, and earlier flowering.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Increasing levels of applied Pe0
- Outcome
- growth, blossom and fruit numbers, as well as leaf numbers and area and earliness of floweringe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing levels of applied P enhanced growth, blossom and fruit numbers, as well as leaf numbers and area and earliness of flowering.”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Early Ramshorn grew faster and had heavier seeds than Adzuki, especially with high phosphorus.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- Early Ramshorne0
- Outcome
- heavier seedse0
- Direction
- heaviere0
- Qualifier
- especially at high Pe0
- Comparator
- Adzukie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Generally, Early Ramshorn plants grew faster and produced heavier seeds than Adzuki plants, especially at high P.”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Adzuki produced more flowers, pods, and seeds than Early Ramshorn.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- Adzukie0
- Outcome
- numbers of flowers, pods and seedse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- Early Ramshorne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Adzuki plants produced greater numbers of flowers, pods and seeds than did Early Ramshorn plants.”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Under high light, Adzuki produced most seeds at intermediate phosphorus in sand, exceeding Early Ramshorn at highest phosphorus.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- Adzukie0
- Outcome
- number of seedse0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Qualifier
- high light intensitye0
- Comparator
- Early Ramshorne0
- Setting
- sand culturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under high light intensity, Adzuki produced the greatest number of seeds at the intermediate P level in sand culture, and this number was greater than that produced by Early Ramshorn at the highest P level.”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
In Adzuki, phosphorus did not markedly alter the adverse effect of low light on pod set and mature pod number.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- Adzukie0
- Treatment
- P nutritione0
- Outcome
- pod set and mature pod numbere0
- Direction
- did not markedly modifye0
- Qualifier
- low light intensitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Adzuki, P nutrition did not markedly modify the adverse effect of low light intensity on pod set and mature pod number”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest phosphorus can offset some low-light effects on growth and yield, especially in Early Ramshorn.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Material
- Early Ramshorne0
- Treatment
- Phosphorouse0
- Outcome
- offset some of the adverse effects of low light intensitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phosphorous generally increased growth rate and yield and could thus be used to offset some of the adverse effects of low light intensity especially on Early Ramshorn as well as to hasten growth and maturation.”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil culture results resembled sand culture results.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Outcome
- resultse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- sand culturee0
- Setting
- soil culturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results obtained with soil culture were similar to those with sand culture.”
t0“cowpea”
The same questions in other papers
phosphorus · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ
106 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
109 papers more in this group
See all 113 papers →light · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →light · growth · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →light · phenology · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.