Abstract
SummaryThe effects of temperature on the flower size of pansy were investigated in two experiments under both glasshouse and controlled environment conditions. Under glasshouse conditions, flower size (mm2) decreased linearly with increasing temperature between 9 and 31°C (r2 = 0.72). A transfer experiment showed that the decrease in flower size was proportional to the magnitude of the increase in temperature and to the duration of exposure. Thus, prolonged exposures to higher temperatures led to progressively smaller flowers. Temperature prior to visible bud stage had little effect on final flower size, but all subsequent stages were equally sensitive to increased temperatures. Thus, a period of high temperature had the same affect regardless of the stage of floral development. A proportion of the reduction in final flower size to temperature could be attributed to changes in the duration of flower development with temperature. A model was developed which showed that final flower size could be accurately predicted assuming that it was a simple function of mean temperature during flower development and that temperature affected flower size equally throughout development. Fastest rate of flower development from visible bud was found at a temperature of 25°C.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Flower size declined linearly as temperature rose from 9 to 31°C.
- Taxon
- pansy (Viola x wittrockianaGams.)
Viola ×wittrockianat0 - Treatment
- increasing temperature between 9 and 31°Ce0
- Outcome
- flower size (mm2)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- r2 = 0.72e0
- Setting
- glasshouse conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under glasshouse conditions, flower size (mm2) decreased linearly with increasing temperature between 9 and 31°C (r2 = 0.72).”
t0“pansy (Viola x wittrockianaGams.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The decrease in flower size scaled with temperature increase and exposure duration.
- Taxon
- pansy (Viola x wittrockianaGams.)Viola ×wittrockianat0
- Treatment
- increase in temperaturee0
- Outcome
- flower sizee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- duration of exposuree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A transfer experiment showed that the decrease in flower size was proportional to the magnitude of the increase in temperature and to the duration of exposure.”
t0“pansy (Viola x wittrockianaGams.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Temperature before visible bud stage had little effect on final flower size.
- Taxon
- pansy (Viola x wittrockianaGams.)Viola ×wittrockianat0
- Treatment
- Temperature prior to visible bud stagee0
- Outcome
- final flower sizee0
- Direction
- little effecte0
- Comparator
- all subsequent stagese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Temperature prior to visible bud stage had little effect on final flower size, but all subsequent stages were equally sensitive to increased temperatures.”
t0“pansy (Viola x wittrockianaGams.)”
Claim · model-written summary
All stages after visible bud were equally sensitive to increased temperature.
- Taxon
- pansy (Viola x wittrockianaGams.)Viola ×wittrockianat0
- Outcome
- all subsequent stages were equally sensitive to increased temperaturese0
- Direction
- equally sensitivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Temperature prior to visible bud stage had little effect on final flower size, but all subsequent stages were equally sensitive to increased temperatures.”
t0“pansy (Viola x wittrockianaGams.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Part of the temperature effect on final flower size was attributable to flower development duration.
- Taxon
- pansy (Viola x wittrockianaGams.)Viola ×wittrockianat0
- Outcome
- reduction in final flower sizee0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Qualifier
- changes in the duration of flower development with temperaturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A proportion of the reduction in final flower size to temperature could be attributed to changes in the duration of flower development with temperature.”
t0“pansy (Viola x wittrockianaGams.)”
Claim · model-written summary
A model accurately predicted final flower size from mean temperature during development.
- Taxon
- pansy (Viola x wittrockianaGams.)Viola ×wittrockianat0
- Outcome
- final flower sizee0
- Value
- accurately predictede0
- Qualifier
- mean temperature during flower developmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A model was developed which showed that final flower size could be accurately predicted assuming that it was a simple function of mean temperature during flower development and that temperature affected flower size equally throughout development.”
t0“pansy (Viola x wittrockianaGams.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Flower development from visible bud was fastest at 25°C.
- Taxon
- pansy (Viola x wittrockianaGams.)Viola ×wittrockianat0
- Outcome
- rate of flower development from visible bude0
- Direction
- Fasteste0
- Value
- 25°Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fastest rate of flower development from visible bud was found at a temperature of 25°C.”
t0“pansy (Viola x wittrockianaGams.)”