Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at New Delhi during the winter (rabi') season of 201213, to study the preci- Sion nitrogen management in wheat [Triticum aestivum emend. Fiori & Paol-] grown under conservation agri- culture. The experiment was laid out in a factorial randomized-block design with 20 treatments combinations of four nutrient management in preceding maize (Zea mays L.) [absolute control, recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF), 50% RDF and site-specific nutrient management (SSNM)] and 5 precision nitrogen-management practices in Wheat [control, RDF, green seeker, SPAD and soil-test crop response (STCR)]. Among the tested technologies for precision N management; a saving of N by 9.5 and 30 kg with green seeker and SPAD, respectively, while en- hancement of 18.4 kg Wha by STCR was found compared with RDF. The STCR-based nutrient-management plots received very less potassium (5.6 kg/ha) than RDF (40 kg/ha). The wheat growth parameters, viz. plant height, dry-matter accumulation, leaf-area index (LAI), tillers, crop-growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were significantly higher by STCR-based nutrient management as well as with nu- trient expert-based SSNM applied in maize as residual effect. The yield attributes, viz. effective tillers/m2, grains/ spike, harvest index and 1 ,OOO-grain weight, were also recorded significantly higher with STCR and SSNM. How- ever, the grain yield was 5% higher with STCR compared to RDF which was on a par with green seeker-based N management. Thus, the RDF in wheat needs to be revisited in westem Indo Gangetic plains (IGP) as it responded to higher N levels and lower K application and green seeker sensor can be used for real time N management of wheat in this region while SSNM found best for maize.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Green seeker saved N by 9.5 relative to RDF in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- green seekere1
- Outcome
- saving of Ne1
- Direction
- savinge1
- Value
- 9.5e1
- Comparator
- RDFe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“a saving of N by 9.5 and 30 kg with green seeker and SPAD, respectively”
e2“while en- hancement of 18.4 kg Wha by STCR was found compared with RDF”
t0“growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under conservation agriculture”
Claim · model-written summary
SPAD saved 30 kg N relative to RDF in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SPADe1
- Outcome
- saving of Ne1
- Direction
- savinge1
- Value
- 30 kge1
- Comparator
- RDFe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“a saving of N by 9.5 and 30 kg with green seeker and SPAD, respectively”
e2“while en- hancement of 18.4 kg Wha by STCR was found compared with RDF”
t0“growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under conservation agriculture”
Claim · model-written summary
STCR enhancement of 18.4 kg Wha compared with RDF in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- STCRe2
- Outcome
- en- hancemente2
- Direction
- en- hancemente2
- Value
- 18.4 kg Whae2
- Comparator
- RDFe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“while en- hancement of 18.4 kg Wha by STCR was found compared with RDF”
t0“growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under conservation agriculture”
Claim · model-written summary
STCR-based nutrient management received very less potassium (5.6 kg/ha) than RDF (40 kg/ha) in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- STCR-based nutrient-managemente3
- Outcome
- potassiume3
- Direction
- very lesse3
- Value
- 5.6 kg/hae3
- Qualifier
- 40 kg/hae3
- Comparator
- RDFe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The STCR-based nutrient-management plots received very less potassium (5.6 kg/ha) than RDF (40 kg/ha)”
t0“growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under conservation agriculture”
Claim · model-written summary
STCR-based nutrient management significantly increased plant height, dry-matter accumulation and leaf-area index of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume4
- Treatment
- STCR-based nutrient managemente4
- Outcome
- plant height, dry-matter accumulation, leaf-area index (LAI)e4
- Direction
- significantly highere4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The wheat growth parameters, viz. plant height, dry-matter accumulation, leaf-area index (LAI), tillers, crop-growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were significantly higher by STCR-based nutrient management”
Claim · model-written summary
STCR-based nutrient management significantly increased tillers, crop-growth rate and relative growth rate of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume4
- Treatment
- STCR-based nutrient managemente4
- Outcome
- tillers, crop-growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR)e4
- Direction
- significantly highere4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The wheat growth parameters, viz. plant height, dry-matter accumulation, leaf-area index (LAI), tillers, crop-growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were significantly higher by STCR-based nutrient management”
Claim · model-written summary
STCR-based nutrient management significantly increased net assimilation rate of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume4
- Treatment
- STCR-based nutrient managemente4
- Outcome
- net assimilation rate (NAR)e4
- Direction
- significantly highere4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The wheat growth parameters, viz. plant height, dry-matter accumulation, leaf-area index (LAI), tillers, crop-growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were significantly higher by STCR-based nutrient management”
Claim · model-written summary
SSNM applied in maize as residual effect significantly increased plant height, dry-matter accumulation and leaf-area index of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume4
- Treatment
- SSNM applied in maize as residual effecte5
- Outcome
- plant height, dry-matter accumulation, leaf-area index (LAI)e4
- Direction
- significantly highere4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The wheat growth parameters, viz. plant height, dry-matter accumulation, leaf-area index (LAI), tillers, crop-growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were significantly higher by STCR-based nutrient management”
e5“expert-based SSNM applied in maize as residual effect”
Claim · model-written summary
SSNM applied in maize as residual effect significantly increased tillers, crop-growth rate and relative growth rate of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume4
- Treatment
- SSNM applied in maize as residual effecte5
- Outcome
- tillers, crop-growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR)e4
- Direction
- significantly highere4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The wheat growth parameters, viz. plant height, dry-matter accumulation, leaf-area index (LAI), tillers, crop-growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were significantly higher by STCR-based nutrient management”
e5“expert-based SSNM applied in maize as residual effect”
Claim · model-written summary
SSNM applied in maize as residual effect significantly increased net assimilation rate of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume4
- Treatment
- SSNM applied in maize as residual effecte5
- Outcome
- net assimilation rate (NAR)e4
- Direction
- significantly highere4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The wheat growth parameters, viz. plant height, dry-matter accumulation, leaf-area index (LAI), tillers, crop-growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were significantly higher by STCR-based nutrient management”
e5“expert-based SSNM applied in maize as residual effect”
Claim · model-written summary
STCR significantly increased effective tillers per m2, grains per spike and harvest index of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- STCRe5
- Outcome
- effective tillers/m2, grains/ spike, harvest indexe5
- Direction
- significantly highere5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The yield attributes, viz. effective tillers/m2, grains/ spike, harvest index and 1 ,OOO-grain weight, were also recorded significantly higher with STCR and SSNM”
t0“growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under conservation agriculture”
Claim · model-written summary
STCR significantly increased 1,000-grain weight of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- STCRe5
- Outcome
- 1 ,OOO-grain weighte5
- Direction
- significantly highere5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The yield attributes, viz. effective tillers/m2, grains/ spike, harvest index and 1 ,OOO-grain weight, were also recorded significantly higher with STCR and SSNM”
t0“growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under conservation agriculture”
Claim · model-written summary
SSNM significantly increased effective tillers per m2, grains per spike and harvest index of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SSNMe5
- Outcome
- effective tillers/m2, grains/ spike, harvest indexe5
- Direction
- significantly highere5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The yield attributes, viz. effective tillers/m2, grains/ spike, harvest index and 1 ,OOO-grain weight, were also recorded significantly higher with STCR and SSNM”
t0“growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under conservation agriculture”
Claim · model-written summary
SSNM significantly increased 1,000-grain weight of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SSNMe5
- Outcome
- 1 ,OOO-grain weighte5
- Direction
- significantly highere5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The yield attributes, viz. effective tillers/m2, grains/ spike, harvest index and 1 ,OOO-grain weight, were also recorded significantly higher with STCR and SSNM”
t0“growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under conservation agriculture”
Claim · model-written summary
STCR increased grain yield of wheat by 5% relative to RDF.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- STCRe6
- Outcome
- grain yielde6
- Direction
- highere6
- Value
- 5%e6
- Comparator
- RDFe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“the grain yield was 5% higher with STCR compared to RDF which was on a par with green seeker-based N management”
t0“growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under conservation agriculture”
Claim · model-written summary
STCR grain yield of wheat was on a par with green seeker-based N management.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- STCRe6
- Outcome
- grain yielde6
- Direction
- on a pare6
- Comparator
- green seeker-based N managemente6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“the grain yield was 5% higher with STCR compared to RDF which was on a par with green seeker-based N management”
t0“growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under conservation agriculture”
Claim · model-written summary
The RDF in wheat needs to be revisited in the western Indo Gangetic plains.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume7
- Outcome
- RDFe7
- Qualifier
- as it responded to higher N levels and lower K applicatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Thus, the RDF in wheat needs to be revisited in westem Indo Gangetic plains (IGP) as it responded to higher N levels and lower K application”
Claim · model-written summary
A green seeker sensor can be used for real-time N management of wheat in this region.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- real time N managemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“green seeker sensor can be used for real time N management of wheat in this region”
Claim · model-written summary
SSNM was found best for maize.
- Outcome
- SSNM found beste0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SSNM found best for maize”
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