Abstract
1 SUMMARY This study was conducted to assess postharvest losses and the effect of shade during wholesale market and hot water treatments on storage of mango cv. ‘Dodo’. To assess postharvest losses, mature fruits were packed on semi-rigid bamboo cartons, loaded on a truck without separators in between cartons and transported from Mkuyuni ward to Morogoro urban, Tanzania. The effect of heat stress during the wholesale market was evaluated by storing mango fruits under the sun, woven polypropylene shade and black net shade at Sokoine University of Agriculture. Mango fruits dipped in hot water at 60° C for 10 minutes were compared with untreated ones as control. Results showed that the fruit total postharvest losses were 43.8 % with the wholesale market, transport and harvest stages accounting for 30.6 %, 10.6 and 2.6 % of the total losses, respectively. The main features of fruit deterioration during the wholesale market stage were softening and microbial decay each accounting for 50.7 and 39.6 % of the total losses within the stage, respectively. Microbial decays of 7.2 % and mechanical injuries of 2.0 % were the major features of mango fruit deterioration during the transport and harvest stages. Storing fruits for three days under the woven polypropylene and black net shades significantly reduced fruit postharvest losses by 52.7 and 38 %, respectively in comparison with fruit storage under the sun. Hot water treatment reduced the incidence of microbial decay by 85 % and improved fruit total soluble solids content by 15 % in comparison to untreated fruits. However, hot water treatment reduced fruit firmness and shelflife by 56.0 and 71.4 %, respectively. In the short term, wholesale traders are advised to store fruits under the polypropylene shade while in the long term, municipal and council authorities are argued to construct cold storage facilities for fresh fruits. Furthermore, farmers are advised to disinfect mangoes with hot water, especially those purported for immediate marketing.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Total fruit postharvest losses were 43.8%.
- Taxon
- mango
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Mangifera indicat0 - Outcome
- fruit total postharvest lossese0
- Value
- 43.8 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_from_India.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“fruit total postharvest losses were 43.8 %”
t0“fresh mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Wholesale market stage accounted for 30.6% of losses.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Organ / stage
- wholesale markete0
- Outcome
- total lossese0
- Value
- 30.6 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wholesale market, transport and harvest stages accounting for 30.6 %, 10.6 and 2.6 % of the total losses, respectively”
t0“fresh mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Transport accounted for 10.6% of losses.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Organ / stage
- transporte0
- Outcome
- total lossese0
- Value
- 10.6e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wholesale market, transport and harvest stages accounting for 30.6 %, 10.6 and 2.6 % of the total losses, respectively”
t0“fresh mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Harvest accounted for 2.6% of losses.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Organ / stage
- harveste0
- Outcome
- total lossese0
- Value
- 2.6 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wholesale market, transport and harvest stages accounting for 30.6 %, 10.6 and 2.6 % of the total losses, respectively”
t0“fresh mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Softening accounted for 50.7% of wholesale losses.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Outcome
- softeninge0
- Value
- 50.7e0
- Qualifier
- within the stagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“softening and microbial decay each accounting for 50.7 and 39.6 % of the total losses within the stage, respectively”
t0“fresh mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial decay accounted for 39.6% of wholesale losses.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Outcome
- microbial decaye0
- Value
- 39.6 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“softening and microbial decay each accounting for 50.7 and 39.6 % of the total losses within the stage, respectively”
t0“fresh mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial decay during transport was 7.2%.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicae0
- Outcome
- Microbial decayse0
- Value
- 7.2 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Microbial decays of 7.2 % and mechanical injuries of 2.0 % were the major features of mango fruit deterioration during the transport and harvest stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Mechanical injuries during harvest were 2.0%.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicae0
- Outcome
- mechanical injuriese0
- Value
- 2.0 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Microbial decays of 7.2 % and mechanical injuries of 2.0 % were the major features of mango fruit deterioration during the transport and harvest stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Polypropylene shade reduced postharvest losses by 52.7%.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- woven polypropylenee0
- Outcome
- fruit postharvest lossese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 52.7e0
- Comparator
- fruit storage under the sune0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Storing fruits for three days under the woven polypropylene and black net shades significantly reduced fruit postharvest losses by 52.7 and 38 %, respectively in comparison with fruit storage under the sun”
t0“fresh mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Black net shade reduced postharvest losses by 38%.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- black net shadese0
- Outcome
- fruit postharvest lossese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 38 %e0
- Comparator
- fruit storage under the sune0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Storing fruits for three days under the woven polypropylene and black net shades significantly reduced fruit postharvest losses by 52.7 and 38 %, respectively in comparison with fruit storage under the sun”
t0“fresh mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Hot water reduced microbial decay incidence by 85%.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- Hot water treatmente0
- Outcome
- incidence of microbial decaye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 85 %e0
- Comparator
- untreated fruitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hot water treatment reduced the incidence of microbial decay by 85 % and improved fruit total soluble solids content by 15 % in comparison to untreated fruits”
t0“fresh mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Hot water improved soluble solids by 15%.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- Hot water treatmente0
- Outcome
- fruit total soluble solids contente0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 15 %e0
- Comparator
- untreated fruitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hot water treatment reduced the incidence of microbial decay by 85 % and improved fruit total soluble solids content by 15 % in comparison to untreated fruits”
t0“fresh mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Hot water reduced firmness by 56%.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- hot water treatmente0
- Outcome
- fruit firmnesse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 56.0e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hot water treatment reduced fruit firmness and shelflife by 56.0 and 71.4 %, respectively”
t0“fresh mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Hot water reduced shelf life by 71.4%.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Treatment
- hot water treatmente0
- Outcome
- shelflifee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 71.4 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hot water treatment reduced fruit firmness and shelflife by 56.0 and 71.4 %, respectively”
t0“fresh mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Wholesale traders should use polypropylene shade for short-term fruit storage.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Outcome
- store fruits under the polypropylene shadee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wholesale traders are advised to store fruits under the polypropylene shade”
t0“fresh mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Authorities should build cold storage for fresh fruit.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicat0
- Outcome
- construct cold storage facilities for fresh fruitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“municipal and council authorities are argued to construct cold storage facilities for fresh fruits”
t0“fresh mango”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmers should disinfect mangoes with hot water for immediate marketing.
- Taxon
- mangoesMangifera indicae0
- Outcome
- disinfect mangoes with hot watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“farmers are advised to disinfect mangoes with hot water, especially those purported for immediate marketing”
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