Abstract

In field-grown sugar-beet concentration of insoluble oxalate was low in roots and high (about 12 per cent of ethanol insoluble material) in leaves, and for a particular leaf the concentration increased continuously during its life. Of the insoluble oxalate, 15–30 per cent was present as the magnesium salt and the remainder as the calcium salt. Oxalate contents of plants grown in culture solutions with nitrate as nitrogen source were similar to those of plants grown in soil, but when nitrogen was supplied as ammonium sulphate or ammonium nitrate both soluble and insoluble oxalate were low. Plants grown in soil with regular additions of ammonium sulphate or ammonium nitrate also had very low concentrations of soluble oxalate although insoluble oxalate was only slightly lower than with nitrate nitrogen. Disks of root or leaf tissue washed for several days in distilled water lost insoluble oxalate but when washed in tap water insoluble oxalate increased more than twofold. Addition of calcium and nitrate to the distilled water caused an increase of insoluble oxalate, while addition of potassium caused a decrease. Use of 14C labelled oxalate and washing experiments showed that oxalate can be metabolized by tissue disks and so is not necessarily a final product of metabolism. The accumulation of oxalate appears to be connected with the assimilation of nitrate and the preservation of the cation-anion balance of the plant.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 14

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In field-grown sugar beet, insoluble oxalate was low in roots and high in leaves.

Organ / stage
rootse0t0
Outcome
concentration of insoluble oxalatee0t0
Direction
lowe0t0
Setting
field-growne0t0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris · TaxonQuadell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In field-grown sugar-beet concentration of insoluble oxalate was low in roots and high (about 12 per cent of ethanol insoluble material) in leaves”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–146 · show in text ↑
t0

“Accumulation of Oxalate in Tissues of Sugar-beet, and the Effect of Nitrogen Supply”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–83 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Sugar beet leaf insoluble oxalate was about 12% of ethanol-insoluble material.

Organ / stage
leavese0t0e1
Outcome
insoluble oxalatee0t0e1
Direction
highe0t0e1
Value
about 12 per cent of ethanol insoluble materiale0t0e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris · TaxonQuadell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“high (about 12 per cent of ethanol insoluble material) in leaves”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 82–146 · show in text ↑
t0

“Accumulation of Oxalate in Tissues of Sugar-beet, and the Effect of Nitrogen Supply”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–83 · show in text ↑
e1

“concentration of insoluble oxalate was low in roots and high (about 12 per cent of ethanol insoluble material) in leaves”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 26–146 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Insoluble oxalate concentration increased continuously through the life of a sugar beet leaf.

Organ / stage
leafe0t0
Outcome
concentratione0t0
Direction
increased continuouslye0t0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris · TaxonQuadell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“for a particular leaf the concentration increased continuously during its life”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 152–230 · show in text ↑
t0

“Accumulation of Oxalate in Tissues of Sugar-beet, and the Effect of Nitrogen Supply”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–83 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Magnesium salt made up 15–30% of insoluble oxalate, with the remainder as calcium salt.

Outcome
magnesium salte0t0
Value
15–30 per cente0t0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris · TaxonQuadell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Of the insoluble oxalate, 15–30 per cent was present as the magnesium salt and the remainder as the calcium salt”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 232–344 · show in text ↑
t0

“Accumulation of Oxalate in Tissues of Sugar-beet, and the Effect of Nitrogen Supply”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–83 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Oxalate in nitrate-fed culture plants was similar to that in soil-grown plants.

Treatment
nitrate as nitrogen sourcee0t0
Outcome
Oxalate contentse0t0
Direction
similare0t0
Comparator
plants grown in soile0t0

Verbatim

e0

“Oxalate contents of plants grown in culture solutions with nitrate as nitrogen source were similar to those of plants grown in soil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 346–477 · show in text ↑
t0

“Accumulation of Oxalate in Tissues of Sugar-beet, and the Effect of Nitrogen Supply”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–83 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ammonium sulphate or ammonium nitrate in culture solution yielded low soluble and insoluble oxalate.

Treatment
ammonium sulphate or ammonium nitratee0t0e1
Outcome
soluble and insoluble oxalatee0t0e1
Direction
lowe0t0e1
Comparator
nitratee0t0e1

Verbatim

e0

“when nitrogen was supplied as ammonium sulphate or ammonium nitrate both soluble and insoluble oxalate were low”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 483–594 · show in text ↑
t0

“Accumulation of Oxalate in Tissues of Sugar-beet, and the Effect of Nitrogen Supply”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–83 · show in text ↑
e1

“Oxalate contents of plants grown in culture solutions with nitrate as nitrogen source were similar to those of plants grown in soil, but when nitrogen was supplied as ammonium sulphate or ammonium nitrate both soluble and insoluble oxalate were low”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 346–594 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil-grown plants receiving ammonium salts had very low soluble oxalate.

Treatment
regular additions of ammonium sulphate or ammonium nitratee0t0
Outcome
concentrations of soluble oxalatee0t0
Direction
very lowe0t0
Comparator
nitrate nitrogene0t0

Verbatim

e0

“Plants grown in soil with regular additions of ammonium sulphate or ammonium nitrate also had very low concentrations of soluble oxalate although insoluble oxalate was only slightly lower than with nitrate nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 596–810 · show in text ↑
t0

“Accumulation of Oxalate in Tissues of Sugar-beet, and the Effect of Nitrogen Supply”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–83 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil-grown plants receiving ammonium salts had slightly less insoluble oxalate than nitrate-fed plants.

Treatment
ammonium sulphate or ammonium nitratee0t0e1
Outcome
insoluble oxalatee0t0e1
Direction
slightly lowere0t0e1
Comparator
nitrate nitrogene0t0e1

Verbatim

e0

“insoluble oxalate was only slightly lower than with nitrate nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 742–810 · show in text ↑
t0

“Accumulation of Oxalate in Tissues of Sugar-beet, and the Effect of Nitrogen Supply”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–83 · show in text ↑
e1

“Plants grown in soil with regular additions of ammonium sulphate or ammonium nitrate also had very low concentrations of soluble oxalate although insoluble oxalate was only slightly lower than with nitrate nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 596–810 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Root or leaf disks lost insoluble oxalate during distilled-water washing.

Organ / stage
root or leaf tissuee0t0e1
Treatment
distilled watere0t0e1
Outcome
insoluble oxalatee0t0e1
Direction
loste0t0e1
Comparator
tap watere0t0e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris · TaxonQuadell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Disks of root or leaf tissue washed for several days in distilled water lost insoluble oxalate”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 812–906 · show in text ↑
t0

“Accumulation of Oxalate in Tissues of Sugar-beet, and the Effect of Nitrogen Supply”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–83 · show in text ↑
e1

“Disks of root or leaf tissue washed for several days in distilled water lost insoluble oxalate but when washed in tap water insoluble oxalate increased more than twofold”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 812–981 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Root or leaf disks gained more than twofold insoluble oxalate during tap-water washing.

Treatment
tap watere0t0e1
Outcome
insoluble oxalatee0t0e1
Direction
increasede0t0e1
Value
more than twofolde0t0e1
Comparator
distilled watere0t0e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris · TaxonQuadell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“when washed in tap water insoluble oxalate increased more than twofold”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 911–981 · show in text ↑
t0

“Accumulation of Oxalate in Tissues of Sugar-beet, and the Effect of Nitrogen Supply”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–83 · show in text ↑
e1

“Disks of root or leaf tissue washed for several days in distilled water lost insoluble oxalate but when washed in tap water insoluble oxalate increased more than twofold”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 812–981 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding calcium and nitrate to distilled water increased insoluble oxalate.

Treatment
calcium and nitratee0t0
Outcome
insoluble oxalatee0t0
Direction
increasee0t0
Comparator
distilled watere0t0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris · TaxonQuadell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Addition of calcium and nitrate to the distilled water caused an increase of insoluble oxalate”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 983–1077 · show in text ↑
t0

“Accumulation of Oxalate in Tissues of Sugar-beet, and the Effect of Nitrogen Supply”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–83 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding potassium to distilled water decreased insoluble oxalate.

Treatment
potassiume0t0e1
Outcome
insoluble oxalatee0t0e1
Direction
decreasee0t0e1
Comparator
distilled watere0t0e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris · TaxonQuadell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“addition of potassium caused a decrease”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1085–1124 · show in text ↑
t0

“Accumulation of Oxalate in Tissues of Sugar-beet, and the Effect of Nitrogen Supply”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–83 · show in text ↑
e1

“Addition of calcium and nitrate to the distilled water caused an increase of insoluble oxalate, while addition of potassium caused a decrease”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 983–1124 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Sugar beet tissue disks metabolized oxalate.

Organ / stage
tissue diskse0t0
Outcome
oxalate can be metabolizede0t0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris · TaxonQuadell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“oxalate can be metabolized by tissue disks”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1190–1232 · show in text ↑
t0

“Accumulation of Oxalate in Tissues of Sugar-beet, and the Effect of Nitrogen Supply”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–83 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Oxalate accumulation appeared connected to nitrate assimilation and cation-anion balance.

Taxon
plante0t0
Outcome
accumulation of oxalatee0t0
Qualifier
assimilation of nitrate and the preservation of the cation-anion balancee0t0

Verbatim

e0

“The accumulation of oxalate appears to be connected with the assimilation of nitrate and the preservation of the cation-anion balance of the plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1290–1436 · show in text ↑
t0

“Accumulation of Oxalate in Tissues of Sugar-beet, and the Effect of Nitrogen Supply”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–83 · show in text ↑

calcium atom · molecular: metabolites · Beta vulgaris (beet)Positive and negative results

4 papers: 3 positive, 1 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

nitrogen · molecular: metabolites · Viridiplantae (plants)Positive and negative results

6 papers: 3 positive, 3 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

potassium · molecular: metabolites · Beta vulgaris (beet)Positive and negative results

15 papers: 11 positive, 4 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
    Potassium deficit decreased leaf and root potassium content.

    Effects of potassium deficiency and replacement of potassium by sodium on sugar beet plants · 2014 · compared with control groups

    Opposite directionAbout lacking this nutrient, so it counts the other way round

  3. positive

11 papers more in this group

See all 15 papers →

nitrogen · molecular: metabolites · Beta vulgaris (beet)Positive and negative results

66 papers: 29 positive, 37 negative or no effect

28 papers in the same direction as this paper · 37 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

62 papers more in this group

See all 66 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.