Abstract
Bedding plants and many vegetable crop seeds are often sown in plug trays. Some crops, like marigold ( Tagetes sp. L.), tend to stretch early after germination, especially if grown in low light environments. By the time growers apply plant growth regulators (PGRs), stretching of the hypocotyl has already occurred and seedling applications are ineffective. Seedling height may be controlled by applying the plant growth regulator directly to the seed. Seeds of `Bonanza Gold' marigold ( Tagetes patula L.), `Cherry Orbit' geranium ( Pelargonium { XtimesX } hortorum L.H. Bailey), and `Sun 6108' tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) were soaked for 6, 16, or 24 hours in paclobutrazol solutions of 0, 500, or 1000 mg·L -1 . After the soak treatment, seeds were dried for 24 hours prior to laboratory germination testing or sowing in plug trays. Percentage of emergence and seedling height were measured 16, 26, and 36 days after sowing. Laboratory germination of treated seeds was less than that of the control, which was attributed to the PGR being concentrated around the seed on the blotters. In contrast, seedling survival was unaffected in plugs. The higher concentration of PGR and longer times of soaking increased growth regulation, but also inhibited emergence of geraniums (71% vs. 99%). When seeds were imbibed 6, 16, or 24 hours, growth restriction was 31%, 31%, and 40%, respectively, for tomato, 61%, 37%, and 76%, respectively, for geranium and 30%, 38%, and 41%, respectively, for marigold. These results indicate that PGR application to geranium, marigold, and tomato seeds may be feasible using a 6- or 16-hour soak in 500 mg·L -1 paclobutrazol. Chemical name used: (±)-( R * , R * )-ß-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]- {XsalphaX} -(1,1-dimethyl)-1 H -1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol (paclobutrazol).
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Treated seeds had less laboratory germination than controls.
Verbatim
e0“Laboratory germination of treated seeds was less than that of the control”
t0“Marigold, Geranium, and Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher PGR concentration and longer soaks increased growth regulation.
Verbatim
e0“The higher concentration of PGR and longer times of soaking increased growth regulation”
t0“Marigold, Geranium, and Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher PGR concentration and longer soaking inhibited geranium emergence, 71% versus 99%.
- Treatment
- higher concentration of PGR and longer times of soakinge0
- Outcome
- emergence of geraniumse0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- 71%e0
- Qualifier
- 99%e0
GeraniumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The higher concentration of PGR and longer times of soaking increased growth regulation, but also inhibited emergence of geraniums (71% vs. 99%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato growth restriction was 31% after a 6-hour soak.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- 6e0
- Outcome
- growth restrictione0
- Direction
- restrictione0
- Value
- 31%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When seeds were imbibed 6, 16, or 24 hours, growth restriction was 31%, 31%, and 40%, respectively, for tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato growth restriction was 31% after a 16-hour soak.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- 16e0
- Outcome
- growth restrictione0
- Direction
- restrictione0
- Value
- 31%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When seeds were imbibed 6, 16, or 24 hours, growth restriction was 31%, 31%, and 40%, respectively, for tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato growth restriction was 40% after a 24-hour soak.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- 24 hourse0
- Outcome
- growth restrictione0
- Direction
- restrictione0
- Value
- 40%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When seeds were imbibed 6, 16, or 24 hours, growth restriction was 31%, 31%, and 40%, respectively, for tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
A 6- or 16-hour soak in 500 mg·L -1 paclobutrazol may be feasible.
Verbatim
e0“PGR application to geranium, marigold, and tomato seeds may be feasible using a 6- or 16-hour soak in 500 mg·L -1 paclobutrazol”
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See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.