Abstract
The concentration of reducing sugars in the developing first inflorescence of the tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) increased steadily between the macroscopic appearance of the flower buds and the initial stages of fruit expansion. Over this period sucrose concentrations remained relatively constant. The rise in reducing sugar concentration was accompanied by an increase in the activity of an acid invertase. In individual flower buds invertase activity rose to a maximum shortly before anthesis and declined sharply as the anthers dehisced. Increased planting densities and removal of source leaves reduced the rate of dry matter accumulation by the first inflorescence and increased the incidence of flower bud abortion. These changes were correlated with reductions in reducing sugar concentrations, in reducing sugar/sucrose ratios and in acid invertase levels. Removal of young leaves at the shoot apex significantly increased the relative growth rate of the inflorescence and led to a substantial increase in its invertase content. These treatments had relatively little effect on sucrose concentration in the inflorescence. The data are consistent with the operation of an invertase-mediated unloading mechanism for transported sucrose at sinks in the flower buds. It is suggested that the retarded development of the first inflorescence and the high incidence of flower bud abortion observed under conditions of reduced photoassimilate availability are causally related to the decline in invertase production in the flower buds. Possible mechanisms for the regulation of invertase synthesis in the flowers are discussed.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing sugars increased during first inflorescence development.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Organ / stage
- developing first inflorescencee0
- Outcome
- concentration of reducing sugarse0
- Direction
- increased steadilye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The concentration of reducing sugars in the developing first inflorescence of the tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) increased steadily between the macroscopic appearance of the flower buds and the initial stages of fruit expansion.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrose concentration remained relatively constant over this period.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- sucrose concentrationse0
- Direction
- remained relatively constante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Over this period sucrose concentrations remained relatively constant.”
e1“tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Acid invertase activity increased alongside reducing sugar concentration.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- acid invertasee0
- Outcome
- activity of an acid invertasee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rise in reducing sugar concentration was accompanied by an increase in the activity of an acid invertase.”
e1“tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Flower bud invertase activity peaked before anthesis and declined as anthers dehisced.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Organ / stage
- flower budse0
- Gene
- invertasee0
- Outcome
- invertase activitye0
- Direction
- rose to a maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In individual flower buds invertase activity rose to a maximum shortly before anthesis and declined sharply as the anthers dehisced.”
e1“tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased planting density reduced dry matter accumulation by the first inflorescence.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Increased planting densitiese0
- Outcome
- rate of dry matter accumulation by the first inflorescencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased planting densities and removal of source leaves reduced the rate of dry matter accumulation by the first inflorescence”
e1“tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Removal of source leaves reduced dry matter accumulation by the first inflorescence.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- removal of source leavese0
- Outcome
- rate of dry matter accumulation by the first inflorescencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased planting densities and removal of source leaves reduced the rate of dry matter accumulation by the first inflorescence”
e1“tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased planting density increased flower bud abortion.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Increased planting densitiese0
- Outcome
- incidence of flower bud abortione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased planting densities and removal of source leaves reduced the rate of dry matter accumulation by the first inflorescence and increased the incidence of flower bud abortion.”
e1“tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Removal of source leaves increased flower bud abortion.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- removal of source leavese0
- Outcome
- incidence of flower bud abortione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“removal of source leaves reduced the rate of dry matter accumulation by the first inflorescence and increased the incidence of flower bud abortion”
e1“tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The changes under density increase and source leaf removal correlated with lower reducing sugars, sugar ratio and acid invertase.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Increased planting densities and removal of source leavese2
- Outcome
- reducing sugar concentrations, in reducing sugar/sucrose ratios and in acid invertase levelse0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These changes were correlated with reductions in reducing sugar concentrations, in reducing sugar/sucrose ratios and in acid invertase levels.”
e1“tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
e2“Increased planting densities and removal of source leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Removing young shoot apex leaves significantly increased inflorescence relative growth rate.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Removal of young leaves at the shoot apexe0
- Outcome
- relative growth rate of the inflorescencee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Removal of young leaves at the shoot apex significantly increased the relative growth rate of the inflorescence”
e1“tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Removing young shoot apex leaves increased inflorescence invertase content.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Removal of young leaves at the shoot apexe0
- Outcome
- invertase contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Removal of young leaves at the shoot apex significantly increased the relative growth rate of the inflorescence and led to a substantial increase in its invertase content.”
e1“tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The treatments had relatively little effect on inflorescence sucrose concentration.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- These treatmentse0
- Outcome
- sucrose concentration in the inflorescencee0
- Direction
- relatively little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These treatments had relatively little effect on sucrose concentration in the inflorescence.”
e1“tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The findings support invertase mediated sucrose unloading in flower buds.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- invertasee0
- Outcome
- unloading mechanism for transported sucrose at sinks in the flower budse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The data are consistent with the operation of an invertase-mediated unloading mechanism for transported sucrose at sinks in the flower buds.”
e1“tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced invertase production is suggested to cause retarded inflorescence development and flower bud abortion under reduced photoassimilate availability.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- invertasee0
- Outcome
- retarded development of the first inflorescence and the high incidence of flower bud abortione0
- Qualifier
- reduced photoassimilate availabilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the retarded development of the first inflorescence and the high incidence of flower bud abortion observed under conditions of reduced photoassimilate availability are causally related to the decline in invertase production in the flower buds”
e1“tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)”
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