Abstract
Abstract Young ‘Golden Delicious’/M7 trees were root pruned on 2 sides at 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 cm distances from the stem which removed 10%, 28%, or 59% of their roots. Net photosynthesis (Pn) was reduced 35% and 47% and transpiration (Tr) 29% and 45% one day after root pruning of 28% and 59%, respectively, and recovery began 10 days later. Root pruning reduced leaf water potential significantly for 6 hr; recovery was apparent after one day. Root pruning severity of 10% had no effect on Pn, Tr, or water potential. Shoot growth rates decreased with increasing root pruning severity. The greatest reduction of shoot extension occurred during the 2nd and 3rd week following root pruning, with increasing growth rates observed in the 4th week. Suppression of shoot diameter increase lasted for 2 weeks. Leaves that developed following 28% or 59% root pruning were smaller than leaves of unpruned trees and had increased specific leaf weights (SLW), while previously expanded leaves were not affected. As root pruning severity increased, fresh weight of leaves and current shoots were reduced 45%; older parts of the tree were not influenced. Four weeks after root pruning there was no difference in total fresh weight of roots. The distribution of small roots from root pruned trees was increased in close proximity to the stem and decreased at distances greater than 5 cm from the stem.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Pruning 28% of roots reduced net photosynthesis by 35% after one day.
- Taxon
- Apple Trees
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- root pruning of 28%e0
- Outcome
- Net photosynthesis (Pn)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 35%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Net photosynthesis (Pn) was reduced 35% and 47% and transpiration (Tr) 29% and 45% one day after root pruning of 28% and 59%, respectively”
t0“Apple Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Pruning 59% of roots reduced net photosynthesis by 47% after one day.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- root pruning of 28% and 59%e0
- Outcome
- Net photosynthesis (Pn)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 47%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Net photosynthesis (Pn) was reduced 35% and 47% and transpiration (Tr) 29% and 45% one day after root pruning of 28% and 59%, respectively”
t0“Apple Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Pruning 28% of roots reduced transpiration by 29% after one day.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- root pruning of 28%e0
- Outcome
- transpiration (Tr)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 29%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Net photosynthesis (Pn) was reduced 35% and 47% and transpiration (Tr) 29% and 45% one day after root pruning of 28% and 59%, respectively”
t0“Apple Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Pruning 59% of roots reduced transpiration by 45% after one day.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- root pruning of 28% and 59%e0
- Outcome
- transpiration (Tr)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 45%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Net photosynthesis (Pn) was reduced 35% and 47% and transpiration (Tr) 29% and 45% one day after root pruning of 28% and 59%, respectively”
t0“Apple Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Physiological recovery began ten days after pruning.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- recoverye0
- Value
- 10 dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“recovery began 10 days later”
t0“Apple Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Root pruning significantly reduced leaf water potential for six hours.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Root pruninge0
- Outcome
- leaf water potentiale0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 6 hre0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root pruning reduced leaf water potential significantly for 6 hr”
t0“Apple Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf water potential recovery was apparent after one day.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- recoverye0
- Value
- one daye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“recovery was apparent after one day”
t0“Apple Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Pruning 10% of roots had no effect on photosynthesis, transpiration or water potential.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Root pruning severity of 10%e0
- Outcome
- Pn, Tr, or water potentiale0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root pruning severity of 10% had no effect on Pn, Tr, or water potential”
t0“Apple Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot growth rates declined with greater root pruning severity.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- root pruning severitye0
- Outcome
- Shoot growth ratese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot growth rates decreased with increasing root pruning severity”
t0“Apple Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot extension had its greatest reduction during weeks two and three after pruning.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- shoot extensione0
- Direction
- greatest reductione0
- Qualifier
- 2nd and 3rd weeke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The greatest reduction of shoot extension occurred during the 2nd and 3rd week following root pruning”
t0“Apple Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot growth rates increased during week four.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- growth ratese0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Qualifier
- 4th weeke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing growth rates observed in the 4th week”
t0“Apple Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot diameter increase was suppressed for two weeks.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- root pruningt1
- Outcome
- shoot diameter increasee0
- Direction
- Suppressione0
- Value
- 2 weekse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Suppression of shoot diameter increase lasted for 2 weeks”
t0“Apple Trees”
t1“Root Pruning”
Claim · model-written summary
New leaves after 28% or 59% root pruning were smaller than unpruned leaves.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 28% or 59% root pruninge0
- Outcome
- Leaves that developede0
- Direction
- smallere0
- Comparator
- unpruned treese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaves that developed following 28% or 59% root pruning were smaller than leaves of unpruned trees”
t0“Apple Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
New leaves after 28% or 59% root pruning had increased specific leaf weight.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 28% or 59% root pruninge0
- Outcome
- specific leaf weights (SLW)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- unpruned treese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaves that developed following 28% or 59% root pruning were smaller than leaves of unpruned trees and had increased specific leaf weights (SLW)”
t0“Apple Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Previously expanded leaves were unaffected by root pruning.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- root pruningt1
- Outcome
- previously expanded leavese0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“previously expanded leaves were not affected”
t0“Apple Trees”
t1“Root Pruning”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater pruning severity reduced fresh weight of leaves and current shoots by 45%.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- root pruning severitye0
- Outcome
- fresh weight of leaves and current shootse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 45%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As root pruning severity increased, fresh weight of leaves and current shoots were reduced 45%”
t0“Apple Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Older tree parts were not influenced by pruning severity.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- root pruningt1
- Outcome
- older parts of the treee0
- Direction
- not influencede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“older parts of the tree were not influenced”
t0“Apple Trees”
t1“Root Pruning”
Claim · model-written summary
Total root fresh weight did not differ four weeks after pruning.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- root pruninge0
- Outcome
- total fresh weight of rootse0
- Direction
- no differencee0
- Qualifier
- Four weeks after root pruninge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four weeks after root pruning there was no difference in total fresh weight of roots”
t0“Apple Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Pruned trees had more small roots close to the stem.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- root prunede0
- Outcome
- distribution of small rootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- close proximity to the steme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The distribution of small roots from root pruned trees was increased in close proximity to the stem”
t0“Apple Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Pruned trees had fewer small roots beyond 5 cm from the stem.
- Taxon
- Apple TreesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- root pruningt1
- Outcome
- small rootse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Setting
- distances greater than 5 cm from the steme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The distribution of small roots from root pruned trees was increased in close proximity to the stem and decreased at distances greater than 5 cm from the stem”
t0“Apple Trees”
t1“Root Pruning”
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