Abstract
Field experiments were conducted at the experimental field of Agronomy Division, Khumaltar, Nepal during 2012 and 2013 to find the effect of different herbicides on weed management and grain yield of direct seeded rice. The experiment was carried out in a Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD ) with seven treatments in three replications. Khumal-4 rice variety was used with in all the seven treatments viz; W1 = Weedy Check (no weeding) ; W2 = Farmers practice ( two hand weeding) ; W3 =Pyrazosulfuron (pre) @ 20 g a.i /ha fb (followed by ) Bispyribac (post-emergence (post) @ 25 g a. i / ha ; W4 = Pyrazosulfuron (pre) @ 20 g a.i /ha fb Bispyribac (post) @ 25 g a. i / ha fb 2, 4 –D; W5= Oxadiargyl (pre-emergence (pre) @ 90 g a.i/ha fb Bispyribac (post) @ 25 g a. i / ha; W6 = Oxadiargyl (pre) @ 90 g a.i /ha fb Bispyribac (post) @ 25 g a. i / ha fb 2, 4- D @ 500 g a .i /ha ; W7 = Sesbania (soaked) fb 2, 4- D @ 500 g a.i / ha fb one hand weeding. Rice seeds were directly sown by seed drill machine at seed rate of 30 kg/ha. All the pre emergence herbicides were sprayed on the first day of rice sowing whereas the post emergence herbicides were sown on 20 -25 days after sowing (DAS) by using a knapsack sprayer. Sesbania seed were sown at 30 kg/ha as co-culture with rice on the same day as rice was sown by broadcasting. The Sesbania was knocked down at 30 DAS using 2, 4-D.The yield of rice in 2013 was less than that of 2012 which could be due to the less rainfall and uneven rain distribution during the rice season. The results showed that among the Pyrazosulfuron (pre) @ 20 g a.i /ha fb Bispyribac (post) @ 25 g a. i / ha fb 2, 4 –D was found effective in controlling weed population , biomass and producing highest grain yield of rice 6512 kg /ha in 2012 and 3190 kg/ha in 2013 followed by the treatment Sesbania co-culture (Soaked) fb 2, 4- D @ 500 g a.i/ ha fb one and weeding giving increased rice yield of 6499 kg/ha in 2012 and 2858 kg/ha in 2013.Agronomy Journal of Nepal (Agron JN) vol. 4, Page: 121-127, 2016
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
The pre- and post-emergence herbicide program was effective in controlling weed population and biomass in rice.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- Pyrazosulfuron (pre) @ 20 g a.i /ha fb Bispyribac (post) @ 25 g a. i / ha fb 2, 4 –De1
- Outcome
- controlling weed population , biomasse1
- Direction
- effectivee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Pyrazosulfuron (pre) @ 20 g a.i /ha fb Bispyribac (post) @ 25 g a. i / ha fb 2, 4 –D was found effective in controlling weed population , biomass and producing highest grain yield of rice 6512 kg /ha in 2012 and 3190 kg/ha in 2013”
Claim · model-written summary
The same herbicide program gave the highest rice grain yield in 2012 (6512 kg/ha).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- Pyrazosulfuron (pre) @ 20 g a.i /ha fb Bispyribac (post) @ 25 g a. i / ha fb 2, 4 –De1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 6512 kg /hae1
- Qualifier
- 2012e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Pyrazosulfuron (pre) @ 20 g a.i /ha fb Bispyribac (post) @ 25 g a. i / ha fb 2, 4 –D was found effective in controlling weed population , biomass and producing highest grain yield of rice 6512 kg /ha in 2012 and 3190 kg/ha in 2013”
Claim · model-written summary
The same herbicide program gave the highest rice grain yield in 2013 (3190 kg/ha).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- Pyrazosulfuron (pre) @ 20 g a.i /ha fb Bispyribac (post) @ 25 g a. i / ha fb 2, 4 –De1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 3190 kg/hae1
- Qualifier
- 2013e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Pyrazosulfuron (pre) @ 20 g a.i /ha fb Bispyribac (post) @ 25 g a. i / ha fb 2, 4 –D was found effective in controlling weed population , biomass and producing highest grain yield of rice 6512 kg /ha in 2012 and 3190 kg/ha in 2013”
Claim · model-written summary
Sesbania co-culture with 2,4-D and one hand weeding increased rice yield to 6499 kg/ha in 2012.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- Sesbania co-culture (Soaked) fb 2, 4- D @ 500 g a.i/ ha fb one and weedinge2
- Outcome
- rice yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 6499 kg/hae2
- Qualifier
- 2012e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“followed by the treatment Sesbania co-culture (Soaked) fb 2, 4- D @ 500 g a.i/ ha fb one and weeding giving increased rice yield of 6499 kg/ha in 2012 and 2858 kg/ha in 2013”
Claim · model-written summary
Sesbania co-culture with 2,4-D and one hand weeding increased rice yield to 2858 kg/ha in 2013.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- Sesbania co-culture (Soaked) fb 2, 4- D @ 500 g a.i/ ha fb one and weedinge2
- Outcome
- rice yielde2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 2858 kg/hae2
- Qualifier
- 2013e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“followed by the treatment Sesbania co-culture (Soaked) fb 2, 4- D @ 500 g a.i/ ha fb one and weeding giving increased rice yield of 6499 kg/ha in 2012 and 2858 kg/ha in 2013”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice yield in 2013 was lower than in 2012, possibly because of less and unevenly distributed rainfall.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae3
- Outcome
- yielde3
- Direction
- less thane3
- Qualifier
- less rainfall and uneven rain distributione3
- Comparator
- 2012e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The yield of rice in 2013 was less than that of 2012 which could be due to the less rainfall and uneven rain distribution during the rice season”
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See all 691 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.