Abstract
Populus plantations are mainly established on agricultural land, but natural forests soils typically have lower pHs and nutrient contents. In this study, growth responses of two commonly used Populus genotypes, hybrid aspen (Populus × wettsteinii Hämet-Ahti) and black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa Torr. & A. Gray ex Hook.), were monitored in the greenhouse in relation of changes in pH and fertilizer levels in quartz sand and forest moraine soil. In quartz sand, changes in pH had no impact on growth or mortality of the two species. In forest soils, the lowest pH values, i.e., 3.5 and 4.0, caused plant mortality for P. trichocarpa but not for P. × wettsteinii. Growth optimum of P. trichocarpa occurred at a pH range of 5.5–6.5, whereas P. × wettsteinii showed a broader growth optimum at a pH range of 4.0–7.0. Fertilization expanded the pH range of optimum growth for P. trichocarpa but not for P. × wettsteinii. In both species, foliar content of nitrogen and potassium content increased after fertilization, whereas the foliar content of phosphorus was similar to unfertilized plants. Our results suggest that differences in tolerance to low pH values between P. × wettsteinii and P. trichocarpa might be connected to tolerance against aluminum. These findings may improve future establishment methods and identification of poplar genotypes suitable for forest land.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Changing quartz sand pH did not affect hybrid aspen growth or mortality.
- Taxon
- Populus × wettsteiniie1
- Treatment
- changes in pHe0
- Outcome
- growth or mortalitye0
- Direction
- no impacte0
- Setting
- quartz sande0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“In quartz sand, changes in pH had no impact on growth or mortality of the two species.”
e1“hybrid aspen (Populus × wettsteinii Hämet-Ahti)”
Claim · model-written summary
Changing quartz sand pH did not affect P. trichocarpa growth or mortality.
- Taxon
- Populus trichocarpa
Populus trichocarpae1 - Treatment
- changes in pHe0
- Outcome
- growth or mortalitye0
- Direction
- no impacte0
- Setting
- quartz sande0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In quartz sand, changes in pH had no impact on growth or mortality of the two species.”
e1“black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa Torr. & A. Gray ex Hook.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Forest soil pH 3.5 and 4.0 caused P. trichocarpa mortality.
- Taxon
- P. trichocarpaPopulus trichocarpae0
- Treatment
- lowest pH valuese0
- Outcome
- plant mortalitye0
- Value
- 3.5 and 4.0e0
- Setting
- forest soilse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In forest soils, the lowest pH values, i.e., 3.5 and 4.0, caused plant mortality for P. trichocarpa but not for P. × wettsteinii.”
Claim · model-written summary
Forest soil pH 3.5 and 4.0 did not cause P. × wettsteinii mortality.
- Taxon
- P. × wettsteiniie0
- Treatment
- lowest pH valuese0
- Outcome
- plant mortalitye0
- Value
- 3.5 and 4.0e0
- Setting
- forest soilse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“In forest soils, the lowest pH values, i.e., 3.5 and 4.0, caused plant mortality for P. trichocarpa but not for P. × wettsteinii.”
Claim · model-written summary
P. trichocarpa growth optimum was pH 5.5–6.5.
- Taxon
- P. trichocarpaPopulus trichocarpae0
- Outcome
- Growth optimume0
- Direction
- optimume0
- Value
- 5.5–6.5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth optimum of P. trichocarpa occurred at a pH range of 5.5–6.5”
Claim · model-written summary
P. × wettsteinii growth optimum spanned pH 4.0–7.0.
Verbatim
e0“P. × wettsteinii showed a broader growth optimum at a pH range of 4.0–7.0.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization expanded the pH range of optimum growth for P. trichocarpa.
- Taxon
- P. trichocarpaPopulus trichocarpae0
- Treatment
- Fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- pH range of optimum growthe0
- Direction
- expandede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fertilization expanded the pH range of optimum growth for P. trichocarpa but not for P. × wettsteinii.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization did not expand the pH range of optimum growth for P. × wettsteinii.
- Taxon
- P. × wettsteiniie0
- Treatment
- Fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- pH range of optimum growthe0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
- Qualifier
- but not for P. × wettsteiniie0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Fertilization expanded the pH range of optimum growth for P. trichocarpa but not for P. × wettsteinii.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization increased foliar nitrogen and potassium in P. trichocarpa.
- Taxon
- P. trichocarpaPopulus trichocarpae1
- Treatment
- fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- foliar content of nitrogen and potassium contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both species, foliar content of nitrogen and potassium content increased after fertilization”
e1“Growth optimum of P. trichocarpa”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization increased foliar nitrogen and potassium in P. × wettsteinii.
- Taxon
- P. × wettsteiniie1
- Treatment
- fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- foliar content of nitrogen and potassium contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“In both species, foliar content of nitrogen and potassium content increased after fertilization”
e1“whereas P. × wettsteinii showed”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar phosphorus was similar to unfertilized plants in P. trichocarpa.
- Taxon
- P. trichocarpaPopulus trichocarpae1
- Outcome
- foliar content of phosphoruse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- unfertilized plantse0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the foliar content of phosphorus was similar to unfertilized plants.”
e1“Growth optimum of P. trichocarpa”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar phosphorus was similar to unfertilized plants in P. × wettsteinii.
- Taxon
- P. × wettsteiniie1
- Outcome
- foliar content of phosphoruse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- unfertilized plantse0
Not reportedTreatment
Verbatim
e0“the foliar content of phosphorus was similar to unfertilized plants.”
e1“whereas P. × wettsteinii showed”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest aluminum tolerance may explain differing low-pH tolerance between the poplars.
Verbatim
e0“differences in tolerance to low pH values between P. × wettsteinii and P. trichocarpa might be connected to tolerance against aluminum.”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · growth · Populus trichocarpa (black cottonwood)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.