Abstract
Stomatal anatomical traits and rapid responses to several components of visible light were measured in Tilia cordata Mill. seedlings grown in an open, fully sunlit field (C-set), or under different kinds of shade. The main questions were: (i) stomatal responses to which visible light spectrum regions are modified by growth-environment shade and (ii) which separate component of vegetational shade is most effective in eliciting the acclimation effects of the full vegetational shade. We found that stomatal opening in response to red or green light did not differ between the plants grown in the different environments. Stomatal response to blue light was increased (in comparison with that of C-set) in the leaves grown in full vegetational shade (IABW-set), in attenuated UVAB irradiance (AB-set) or in decreased light intensity (neutral shade) plus attenuated UVAB irradiance (IAB-set). In all sets, the addition of green light-two or four times stronger-into induction light barely changed the rate of the blue-light-stimulated stomatal opening. In the AB-set, stomatal response to blue light equalled the strong IABW-set response. In attenuated UVB-grown leaves, stomatal response fell midway between IABW- and C-set results. Blue light response by neutral shade-grown leaves did not differ from that of the C-set, and the response by the IAB-set did not differ from that of the AB-set. Stomatal size was not modified by growth environments. Stomatal density and index were remarkably decreased only in the IABW- and IAB-sets. It was concluded that differences in white light responses between T. cordata leaves grown in different light environments are caused only by their different blue light response. Differences in stomatal sensitivity are not dependent on altered stomatal anatomy. Attenuated UVAB irradiance is the most efficient component of vegetational shade in stimulating acclimation of stomata, whereas decreased light intensity plays a minor role.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal opening to red or green light did not differ among growth environments.
- Taxon
- Tilia cordata Mill.
Tilia cordatae1 - Outcome
- stomatal opening in response to red or green lighte0
- Direction
- did not differe0
- Comparator
- different environmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“stomatal opening in response to red or green light did not differ between the plants grown in the different environments”
e1“Tilia cordata Mill. seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Full vegetational shade increased stomatal response to blue light relative to C-set.
- Taxon
- Tilia cordata Mill.Tilia cordatae1
- Treatment
- full vegetational shade (IABW-set)e0
- Outcome
- Stomatal response to blue lighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- C-sete0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stomatal response to blue light was increased (in comparison with that of C-set) in the leaves grown in full vegetational shade (IABW-set)”
e1“Tilia cordata Mill. seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Attenuated UVAB irradiance increased stomatal response to blue light relative to C-set.
- Taxon
- Tilia cordata Mill.Tilia cordatae1
- Treatment
- attenuated UVAB irradiance (AB-set)e0
- Outcome
- Stomatal response to blue lighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- C-sete0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stomatal response to blue light was increased (in comparison with that of C-set) in the leaves grown in full vegetational shade (IABW-set), in attenuated UVAB irradiance (AB-set)”
e1“Tilia cordata Mill. seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Neutral shade plus attenuated UVAB increased stomatal response to blue light relative to C-set.
- Taxon
- Tilia cordata Mill.Tilia cordatae1
- Treatment
- decreased light intensity (neutral shade) plus attenuated UVAB irradiance (IAB-set)e0
- Outcome
- Stomatal response to blue lighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- C-sete0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stomatal response to blue light was increased (in comparison with that of C-set) in the leaves grown in full vegetational shade (IABW-set), in attenuated UVAB irradiance (AB-set) or in decreased light intensity (neutral shade) plus attenuated UVAB irradiance (IAB-set).”
e1“Tilia cordata Mill. seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding green light barely changed the rate of blue-light-stimulated stomatal opening.
- Taxon
- Tilia cordata Mill.Tilia cordatae1
- Treatment
- addition of green light-two or four times stronger-into induction lighte0
- Outcome
- rate of the blue-light-stimulated stomatal openinge0
- Direction
- barely changede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the addition of green light-two or four times stronger-into induction light barely changed the rate of the blue-light-stimulated stomatal opening”
e1“Tilia cordata Mill. seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The AB-set blue-light response equalled the IABW-set response.
- Taxon
- Tilia cordata Mill.Tilia cordatae1
- Outcome
- stomatal response to blue lighte0
- Direction
- equallede0
- Comparator
- IABW-sete0
- Setting
- AB-sete0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the AB-set, stomatal response to blue light equalled the strong IABW-set response.”
e1“Tilia cordata Mill. seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
UVB-attenuated leaves had a blue-light response between IABW- and C-set responses.
- Taxon
- Tilia cordata Mill.Tilia cordatae1
- Treatment
- attenuated UVB-growne0
- Outcome
- stomatal responsee0
- Direction
- fell midwaye0
- Comparator
- IABW- and C-set resultse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In attenuated UVB-grown leaves, stomatal response fell midway between IABW- and C-set results.”
e1“Tilia cordata Mill. seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Neutral-shade leaves had the same blue-light response as C-set leaves.
- Taxon
- Tilia cordata Mill.Tilia cordatae1
- Treatment
- neutral shade-growne0
- Outcome
- Blue light responsee0
- Direction
- did not differe0
- Comparator
- C-sete0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Blue light response by neutral shade-grown leaves did not differ from that of the C-set”
e1“Tilia cordata Mill. seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
IAB-set leaves had the same blue-light response as AB-set leaves.
- Taxon
- Tilia cordata Mill.Tilia cordatae1
- Treatment
- IAB-sete0
- Outcome
- responsee0
- Direction
- did not differe0
- Comparator
- AB-sete0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the response by the IAB-set did not differ from that of the AB-set”
e1“Tilia cordata Mill. seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal size did not vary among growth environments.
- Taxon
- Tilia cordata Mill.Tilia cordatae1
- Outcome
- Stomatal sizee0
- Direction
- not modifiede0
- Comparator
- growth environmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stomatal size was not modified by growth environments.”
e1“Tilia cordata Mill. seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal density and index decreased only in IABW- and IAB-sets.
- Taxon
- Tilia cordata Mill.Tilia cordatae1
- Treatment
- IABW- and IAB-setse0
- Outcome
- Stomatal density and indexe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stomatal density and index were remarkably decreased only in the IABW- and IAB-sets.”
e1“Tilia cordata Mill. seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute white-light response differences to blue-light response differences.
- Taxon
- T. cordataTilia cordatae0
- Outcome
- differences in white light responsese0
- Qualifier
- different blue light responsee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“differences in white light responses between T. cordata leaves grown in different light environments are caused only by their different blue light response”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude stomatal sensitivity differences do not depend on altered anatomy.
- Taxon
- Tilia cordata Mill.Tilia cordatae1
- Organ / stage
- stomatal anatomye0
- Outcome
- Differences in stomatal sensitivitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Differences in stomatal sensitivity are not dependent on altered stomatal anatomy.”
e1“Tilia cordata Mill. seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Attenuated UVAB irradiance was the most efficient shade component stimulating stomatal acclimation.
- Taxon
- Tilia cordata Mill.Tilia cordatae1
- Treatment
- Attenuated UVAB irradiancee0
- Outcome
- acclimation of stomatae0
- Direction
- most efficiente0
- Comparator
- decreased light intensitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Attenuated UVAB irradiance is the most efficient component of vegetational shade in stimulating acclimation of stomata, whereas decreased light intensity plays a minor role.”
e1“Tilia cordata Mill. seedlings”