Abstract
The feathermoss Pleurozium schreberi has the capacity to suppress tree seedling regeneration in late successional northern boreal forests. We investigated, through a field experiment in a P. schreberi-dominated old-growth Norway spruce forest in northern Sweden, the effects of three precipitation regimes representing the range of natural July precipitation amounts (28, 112 and 256 mm), and extra influences of temporary exclusion of fungal hyphae in senescent shoots of P. schreberi, on seedling establishment, growth and nutrient acquisition of Pinus sylvestris. Seedling establishment of Pinus sylvestris was enhanced by increased amounts of artificial precipitation. Seedlings in plots with the lowest precipitation had a much lower mortality and significantly higher total nutrient content, higher specific absorption rate (SAR) and lower nutrient use efficiency (NUE) compared to seedlings grown in plots with the highest precipitation. Seedling nutrient (especially N and P) content was also significantly higher when fungal hyphae were excluded, and this was most evident in treatments with the intermediate precipitation level. Seedlings in plots without hyphal isolation but with intermediate precipitation levels had much lower total contents of N, P and Mg after one growing season than were initially present in the seeds, indicative of a net nutrient loss during the early establishment phase. Possible rhizosphere interactions, causing immobilisation of nutrients and seedling nutrient losses are discussed in relation to results from greenhouse experiments where no such nutrient losses were found in seedlings. We hypothesize that P. schreberi, in association with ericaceous plants and fungal hyphae, is a powerful controller of tree regeneration from seeds over wide precipitation gradients, due to its inhibition of seedling establishment and strong interference with nutrient acquisition of new seedling cohorts.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Greater artificial precipitation enhanced pine seedling establishment.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestris
Pinus sylvestrise0 - Treatment
- increased amounts of artificial precipitatione0
- Outcome
- Seedling establishmente0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedling establishment of Pinus sylvestris was enhanced by increased amounts of artificial precipitation”
Claim · model-written summary
Pine seedlings under lowest precipitation had much lower mortality than under highest precipitation.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Treatment
- lowest precipitatione0
- Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- highest precipitatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedlings in plots with the lowest precipitation had a much lower mortality and significantly higher total nutrient content, higher specific absorption rate (SAR) and lower nutrient use efficiency (NUE) compared to seedlings grown in plots with the highest precipitation”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Lowest precipitation gave significantly higher total nutrient content than highest precipitation.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Treatment
- lowest precipitatione0
- Outcome
- total nutrient contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- highest precipitatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedlings in plots with the lowest precipitation had a much lower mortality and significantly higher total nutrient content, higher specific absorption rate (SAR) and lower nutrient use efficiency (NUE) compared to seedlings grown in plots with the highest precipitation”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Lowest precipitation gave higher specific absorption rate than highest precipitation.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Treatment
- lowest precipitatione0
- Outcome
- specific absorption rate (SAR)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- highest precipitatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedlings in plots with the lowest precipitation had a much lower mortality and significantly higher total nutrient content, higher specific absorption rate (SAR) and lower nutrient use efficiency (NUE) compared to seedlings grown in plots with the highest precipitation”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Lowest precipitation gave lower nutrient use efficiency than highest precipitation.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Treatment
- lowest precipitatione0
- Outcome
- nutrient use efficiency (NUE)e0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- highest precipitatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedlings in plots with the lowest precipitation had a much lower mortality and significantly higher total nutrient content, higher specific absorption rate (SAR) and lower nutrient use efficiency (NUE) compared to seedlings grown in plots with the highest precipitation”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Excluding fungal hyphae significantly increased seedling nutrient content, especially N and P, most clearly at intermediate precipitation.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Treatment
- fungal hyphae were excludede0
- Interactor
- fungal hyphaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- Seedling nutrient (especially N and P) contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- intermediate precipitation levele0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedling nutrient (especially N and P) content was also significantly higher when fungal hyphae were excluded, and this was most evident in treatments with the intermediate precipitation level”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Without hyphal isolation at intermediate precipitation, seedling N, P and Mg contents after one season fell below seed contents.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Interactor
- hyphale0symbiont
- Outcome
- total contents of N, P and Mge0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- without hyphal isolation but with intermediate precipitation levelse0
- Comparator
- initially present in the seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedlings in plots without hyphal isolation but with intermediate precipitation levels had much lower total contents of N, P and Mg after one growing season than were initially present in the seeds”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
Greenhouse experiments did not find the seedling nutrient losses observed in the field.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Outcome
- no such nutrient losses were found in seedlingse0
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“greenhouse experiments where no such nutrient losses were found in seedlings”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors hypothesize that moss with ericaceous plants and fungal hyphae controls tree regeneration through reduced establishment and nutrient acquisition.
- Taxon
- Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrist0
- Interactor
- P. schreberi
Pleurozium schreberie0other - Second interactor
- fungal hyphaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- tree regeneration from seedse0
- Qualifier
- ericaceous plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We hypothesize that P. schreberi, in association with ericaceous plants and fungal hyphae, is a powerful controller of tree regeneration from seeds over wide precipitation gradients, due to its inhibition of seedling establishment and strong interference with nutrient acquisition of new seedling cohorts”
t0“Pinus sylvestris”
The same questions in other papers
rainfall · growth · Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
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1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.