Paper · 2014

Yield attributes and quality of cowpea as influenced by nitrogen and phosphorus levels on medium black soil of Gujarat

H.P. VERMA; P. K. Chovatia; Shish Ram Dhikwal; et al.

9
claims
30
verbatim quotes
1
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

SUMMARY A field experiment was conducted during 2012 to study the yield attributes and quality of cowpea (GC-5) as influenced by nitrogen and phosphorus levels on medium black soil of Gujarat. The experiment consisted of four treatments of nitrogen levels (control, 20, 30 and 40 kg/ha) and four treatments of phosphorus levels (control, 40, 60 and 80 kg P 2 O 5 /ha) thereby making 16 treatment combinations tested in factorial randomized block design with three replications. The results indicated that the application of nitrogen @ 40 kg/ha gave the maximum and significantly higher number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, test weight, seed yield, straw yield, biological yield, protein content, chlorophyll content and remained at par with 20 and 30 kg N/ha over control. The maximum net returns and BCR were found with the application of 20 kg N/ha. Results further indicated that the application of phosphorus @ 80 kg/ ha gave the maximum and significantly higher number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, test weight, seed, straw, biological yields, protein content, chlorophyll content and remained at par with 40 and 60 kg P 2 O 5 /ha over control. The maximum net returns and BCR were found with the application of 40 kg P 2 O 5 /ha. The combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus levels @ 20 and 40 kg P 2 O 5 /ha was significantly higher in terms of seed and straw yield over rest of the treatments.

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Claims 9

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen at 40 kg/ha gave the maximum and significantly higher pods per plant, seeds per pod and test weight of cowpea than the control, and remained at par with 20 and 30 kg N/ha.

Treatment
nitrogen @ 40 kg/hae0
Outcome
number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, test weighte1
Direction
highere0
Comparator
controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“quality of cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–38 · show in text ↑
e0

“nitrogen @ 40 kg/ha gave the maximum and significantly higher”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 524–585 · show in text ↑
e1

“number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, test weight, seed yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 586–660 · show in text ↑
e2

“30 kg N/ha over control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 762–785 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen at 40 kg/ha gave the maximum and significantly higher seed, straw and biological yield of cowpea than the control, at par with 20 and 30 kg N/ha.

Treatment
nitrogen @ 40 kg/hae0
Outcome
seed yield, straw yield, biological yielde1
Direction
highere0
Comparator
controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“quality of cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–38 · show in text ↑
e0

“nitrogen @ 40 kg/ha gave the maximum and significantly higher”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 524–585 · show in text ↑
e1

“seed yield, straw yield, biological yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 650–691 · show in text ↑
e2

“30 kg N/ha over control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 762–785 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen at 40 kg/ha gave the maximum and significantly higher protein and chlorophyll content of cowpea than the control, at par with 20 and 30 kg N/ha.

Treatment
nitrogen @ 40 kg/hae0
Outcome
protein content, chlorophyll contente1
Direction
highere0
Comparator
controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“quality of cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–38 · show in text ↑
e0

“nitrogen @ 40 kg/ha gave the maximum and significantly higher”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 524–585 · show in text ↑
e1

“protein content, chlorophyll content and remained at par with 20”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 693–757 · show in text ↑
e2

“30 kg N/ha over control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 762–785 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Phosphorus at 80 kg/ha gave the maximum and significantly higher pods per plant, seeds per pod and test weight of cowpea than the control, at par with 40 and 60 kg P2O5/ha.

Treatment
phosphorus @ 80 kg/ hae0
Outcome
number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, test weighte1
Direction
highere0
Comparator
controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“quality of cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–38 · show in text ↑
e0

“phosphorus @ 80 kg/ ha gave the maximum and significantly higher”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 916–980 · show in text ↑
e1

“number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, test weight, seed, straw”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 981–1056 · show in text ↑
e2

“60 kg P 2 O 5 /ha over control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1146–1176 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Phosphorus at 80 kg/ha gave the maximum and significantly higher seed, straw and biological yields of cowpea than the control, at par with 40 and 60 kg P2O5/ha.

Treatment
phosphorus @ 80 kg/ hae0
Outcome
seed, straw, biological yieldse1
Direction
highere0
Comparator
controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“quality of cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–38 · show in text ↑
e0

“phosphorus @ 80 kg/ ha gave the maximum and significantly higher”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 916–980 · show in text ↑
e1

“seed, straw, biological yields”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1045–1075 · show in text ↑
e2

“60 kg P 2 O 5 /ha over control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1146–1176 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Phosphorus at 80 kg/ha gave the maximum and significantly higher protein and chlorophyll content of cowpea than the control, at par with 40 and 60 kg P2O5/ha.

Treatment
phosphorus @ 80 kg/ hae0
Outcome
protein content, chlorophyll contente1
Direction
highere0
Comparator
controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“quality of cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–38 · show in text ↑
e0

“phosphorus @ 80 kg/ ha gave the maximum and significantly higher”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 916–980 · show in text ↑
e1

“protein content, chlorophyll content and remained at par with 40”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1077–1141 · show in text ↑
e2

“60 kg P 2 O 5 /ha over control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1146–1176 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The maximum net returns and benefit-cost ratio of cowpea were found with 20 kg N/ha.

Treatment
20 kg N/hae0
Outcome
net returns and BCRe0
Direction
maximume0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“quality of cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–38 · show in text ↑
e0

“The maximum net returns and BCR were found with the application of 20 kg N/ha”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 787–864 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The maximum net returns and benefit-cost ratio of cowpea were found with 40 kg P2O5/ha.

Treatment
40 kg P 2 O 5 /hae0
Outcome
net returns and BCRe0
Direction
maximume0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“quality of cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–38 · show in text ↑
e0

“The maximum net returns and BCR were found with the application of 40 kg P 2 O 5 /ha”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1178–1262 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus at 20 and 40 kg P2O5/ha gave significantly higher seed and straw yield of cowpea than the rest of the treatments.

Treatment
combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus levels @ 20 and 40 kg P 2 O 5 /hae0
Outcome
seed and straw yielde0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
rest of the treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“quality of cowpea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–38 · show in text ↑
e0

“The combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus levels @ 20 and 40 kg P 2 O 5 /ha was significantly higher in terms of seed and straw yield over rest of the treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1264–1435 · show in text ↑

nitrogen · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

68 papers: 62 positive, 6 negative or no effect

61 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

64 papers more in this group

See all 68 papers →

phosphorus · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

113 papers: 107 positive, 6 negative or no effect

106 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

109 papers more in this group

See all 113 papers →

nitrogen · quality: grain · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results

4 papers: 3 positive, 1 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

phosphorus · quality: grain · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results

8 papers: 7 positive, 1 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

4 papers more in this group

See all 8 papers →

nitrogen · physiology: pigments · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree

6 papers: 6 positive, 0 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

phosphorus · physiology: pigments · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree

6 papers: 6 positive, 0 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.