Abstract
The experiment with strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) cultivar 'Darselect' was carried out at the Research Centre of Organic Farming of Estonian University of Life Sciences (5821 N, 2640 E). The objective of the present research was to determine the influence of post-harvest defoliation with a directed propane flamer and the combination of flaming and additional application of humic substances on strawberry growth and fruit biochemical composition in two successive years. Defoliation decreased the number of leaves and inflorescences, and crown and root mass. Post-harvest flame-defoliation of two-year-old plants increased the yield in the next year (in 2012), but the succeeding flame-defoliation decreased the yield in the following year (in 2013). The effect of defoliation on fruit biochemical composition was significant, but differed between years and fruit orders. The defoliation treatment increased soluble solids content in primary fruits from 8.9 to 9.3 Brix, but decreased anthocyanins content in all fruit orders in 2012. Flaming treatment increased the content of phenolics from 181 to 206 mg 100 g -1 in primary, but decreased from 268 to 254 mg 100 g -1 in tertiary fruits in 2013. Application of humic substance to the defoliated plants increased the number of leaves in 2012, and crown and root mass in 2013, but decreased the yield in both years. The influence of the treatment differed yearly for soluble solids -decreasing the content in 2012, but increasing in 2013. Humic substances had positive influence on the total phenolics and anthocyanins content in both years.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation reduced strawberry leaf and inflorescence numbers and crown and root mass.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Treatment
- Defoliatione0
- Outcome
- number of leaves and inflorescences, and crown and root masse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Defoliation decreased the number of leaves and inflorescences, and crown and root mass.”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Flame defoliation of two-year-old plants increased yield in 2012.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Post-harvest flame-defoliatione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- two-year-old plantse0
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorComparatorSettingValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Post-harvest flame-defoliation of two-year-old plants increased the yield in the next year (in 2012)”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
A succeeding flame defoliation decreased yield in 2013.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- succeeding flame-defoliatione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the succeeding flame-defoliation decreased the yield in the following year (in 2013)”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation had a significant fruit composition effect that differed by year and fruit order.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Defoliatione0
- Outcome
- fruit biochemical compositione0
- Direction
- differede0
- Qualifier
- between years and fruit orderse0
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorComparatorSettingValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of defoliation on fruit biochemical composition was significant, but differed between years and fruit orders.”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation raised soluble solids in primary strawberry fruits from 8.9 to 9.3 Brix.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- defoliation treatmente0
- Outcome
- soluble solids contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 8.9 to 9.3 Brixe0
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorComparatorSettingQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The defoliation treatment increased soluble solids content in primary fruits from 8.9 to 9.3 Brix”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation lowered anthocyanins in all fruit orders in 2012.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- defoliation treatmente0
- Outcome
- anthocyanins contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The defoliation treatment increased soluble solids content in primary fruits from 8.9 to 9.3 Brix, but decreased anthocyanins content in all fruit orders in 2012.”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Flaming raised phenolics in primary fruits from 181 to 206 mg 100 g -1 in 2013.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Flaming treatmente0
- Outcome
- content of phenolicse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 181 to 206 mg 100 g -1e0
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorComparatorSettingQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flaming treatment increased the content of phenolics from 181 to 206 mg 100 g -1 in primary”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Flaming lowered phenolics in tertiary fruits from 268 to 254 mg 100 g -1 in 2013.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Flaming treatmente0
- Outcome
- phenolicse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 268 to 254 mg 100 g -1e0
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorComparatorSettingQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flaming treatment increased the content of phenolics from 181 to 206 mg 100 g -1 in primary, but decreased from 268 to 254 mg 100 g -1 in tertiary fruits in 2013.”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic substance added to defoliated plants increased leaf number in 2012.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Application of humic substance to the defoliated plantse0
- Outcome
- number of leavese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of humic substance to the defoliated plants increased the number of leaves in 2012”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic substance added to defoliated plants increased crown and root mass in 2013.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Application of humic substance to the defoliated plantse0
- Outcome
- crown and root masse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of humic substance to the defoliated plants increased the number of leaves in 2012, and crown and root mass in 2013”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic substance added to defoliated plants decreased yield in both years.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Application of humic substance to the defoliated plantse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of humic substance to the defoliated plants increased the number of leaves in 2012, and crown and root mass in 2013, but decreased the yield in both years.”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic substance decreased soluble solids in 2012.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- treatmente0
- Outcome
- soluble solidse0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The influence of the treatment differed yearly for soluble solids -decreasing the content in 2012, but increasing in 2013.”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic substance increased soluble solids in 2013.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- treatmente0
- Outcome
- soluble solidse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The influence of the treatment differed yearly for soluble solids -decreasing the content in 2012, but increasing in 2013.”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic substances positively affected total phenolics and anthocyanins in both years.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Humic substancese0
- Outcome
- total phenolics and anthocyanins contente0
- Direction
- positivee0
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Humic substances had positive influence on the total phenolics and anthocyanins content in both years.”
t0“strawberry”
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