Abstract
Spinach grown in cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soils accumulates Cd compounds in toxic concentration contaminating the food chain leading to the chronic toxic effects on human and animal health. A study was conducted in a Cd-contaminated soil to examine the ameliorative effect of lime and organic manure on the mobility of Cd and its uptake in spinach. Application of lime or organic manure or both decreased the Cd concentration in soil and shoots and increased chlorophyll content of leaves. As compared to the control treatment, combined application of lime and organic manure decreased the level of Cd in soil by 54.7%, in spinach shoot by 61.3%, and the transfer factor of Cd by 35.0% and increased in leaf chlorophyll content by 29.4%. Combined application of lime and organic manure emerged as a viable option in reducing the mobility of Cd in contaminated soil for growing spinach.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Lime or organic manure or both decreased soil cadmium concentration.
- Taxon
- Spinach
Spinacia oleraceat0 - Treatment
- lime or organic manure or bothe0
- Outcome
- Cd concentration in soile0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of lime or organic manure or both decreased the Cd concentration in soil and shoots and increased chlorophyll content of leaves.”
t0“Spinach (Spinacia Oleracea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Lime or organic manure or both decreased shoot cadmium concentration.
- Taxon
- SpinachSpinacia oleraceat0
- Treatment
- lime or organic manure or bothe0
- Outcome
- Cd concentration in soil and shootse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of lime or organic manure or both decreased the Cd concentration in soil and shoots and increased chlorophyll content of leaves.”
t0“Spinach (Spinacia Oleracea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Lime or organic manure or both increased leaf chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- SpinachSpinacia oleraceat0
- Treatment
- lime or organic manure or bothe0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content of leavese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of lime or organic manure or both decreased the Cd concentration in soil and shoots and increased chlorophyll content of leaves.”
t0“Spinach (Spinacia Oleracea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined lime and organic manure lowered soil cadmium by 54.7% versus control.
- Taxon
- SpinachSpinacia oleraceat0
- Treatment
- combined application of lime and organic manuree0
- Outcome
- level of Cd in soile0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 54.7%e0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As compared to the control treatment, combined application of lime and organic manure decreased the level of Cd in soil by 54.7%”
t0“Spinach (Spinacia Oleracea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined lime and organic manure lowered spinach shoot cadmium by 61.3% versus control.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- combined application of lime and organic manuree0
- Outcome
- Cd in soil by 54.7%, in spinach shoote0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 61.3%e0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As compared to the control treatment, combined application of lime and organic manure decreased the level of Cd in soil by 54.7%, in spinach shoot by 61.3%”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined lime and organic manure lowered the cadmium transfer factor by 35.0% versus control.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- combined application of lime and organic manuree0
- Outcome
- transfer factor of Cde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 35.0%e0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As compared to the control treatment, combined application of lime and organic manure decreased the level of Cd in soil by 54.7%, in spinach shoot by 61.3%, and the transfer factor of Cd by 35.0%”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined lime and organic manure increased leaf chlorophyll by 29.4% versus control.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- combined application of lime and organic manuree0
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 29.4%e0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As compared to the control treatment, combined application of lime and organic manure decreased the level of Cd in soil by 54.7%, in spinach shoot by 61.3%, and the transfer factor of Cd by 35.0% and increased in leaf chlorophyll content by 29.4%”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · physiology: pigments · Spinacia oleracea (spinach)Positive and negative results
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- negative
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See all 18 papers →fertilization · nutrient: content · Spinacia oleracea (spinach)Positive and negative results
52 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
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56 papers more in this group
See all 60 papers →lime · nutrient: content · Spinacia oleracea (spinach)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.